Author: She Yunfeng

Source: Mobile Payment Network

Not long ago, Zhou Xiaochuan, vice chairman of Boao Forum for Asia, expressed several views on the development of digital RMB at the 2023 China Digital Finance Forum, two of which were very constructive and forward-looking.

Digital RMB is mainly based on account type.

Zhou Xiaochuan believes that the development of digital RMB is mainly based on account-based digital currency. In other words, token-based digital currency is a path that may have room for development, but the mainstream is account-based digital currency.

How to understand it? In fact, this is in great agreement with the current supervision on the path of promoting digital RMB.

The mobile payment network once published an article discussing the choice of digital RMB in the wallet path "Upgrade from value mode to account mode, and dual offline of digital RMB is not mainstream". We think that with the pilot implementation of digital RMB, account mode and quasi-account mode will become the mainstream in the future, and the value mode is only a supplement.

As we all know, digital RMB is compatible with three ways: account-based, quasi-account-based and value-based, and adopts variable denomination design to realize value transfer in the form of encrypted currency strings. Judging from the manifestations of digital RMB hard wallet, the quasi-account model is the mainstream at present, and the account model has also taken shape. Although the value model has technical conditions, there are still some problems in its real implementation.

Zhou Xiaochuan said that the choice of account type and token type is also closely related to the choice of centralized route. In the management mode, digital RMB needs to adhere to the two-tier operation system and centralized management concept.

Why should we adhere to the centralized management concept? Yi Gang, the former governor of the central bank, once said that because the digital currency of the central bank is the debt of the central bank to the public, it is necessary to ensure and strengthen the macro-prudential and monetary policy regulation functions of the central bank and maintain the original transmission mode of monetary policy.

In the two-tier operation structure, the first layer is centralized management, which is similar to that the central bank must know how much circulating cash it has issued and how much digital currency it has issued. The transfer and transaction activities between customers are on the second floor, and a large amount of customer information is stored on the second floor, that is, industry, agriculture, China, construction, communication or WeChat Alipay. They are obliged to be responsible for privacy protection, anti-money laundering and anti-terrorism financing, and only report the necessary information to the People’s Bank of China.

From this perspective, account-based centralized management is a necessary condition, and the central bank must have the right to manage the digital RMB as a whole. However, if a large number of token-based digital RMB with value model are adopted, the central bank will have a blank window for its management, which has certain security risks. Therefore, before the official launch, such security issues must be controlled to a minimum, and the value model digital RMB that is not under the management of the central bank after the official launch needs to be controlled within a certain range.

Therefore, quasi-account and account-mode wallets are all manifestations of account-based digital RMB, which will be the main development direction of digital RMB in the future. As a token-based development path, value mode still needs to be explored as a supplementary form.

The price system needs to be set under the two-tier operation

Zhou Xiaochuan believes that under the two-tier operation system, policy-making should make the digital payment system survive independently, and a price system should be set up so that the digital payment system can charge for services. In fact, the rate can be very low and the impact on customers is quite small. If there is no charging mechanism, it will lead to cross-subsidies and cross-sales, and payment system service providers will focus on other aspects that should not be paid attention to.

Digital RMB adopts a two-tier operation system, one of the important reasons is to mobilize the enthusiasm of market institutions such as commercial banks to the greatest extent. The central bank issues digital RMB, but not directly to residents and corporate customers. Instead, it issues digital RMB to operating institutions, which serve customers directly as operators.

Yi Gang once wrote that the two-tier operation is conducive to making full use of the existing resources, talents, technology and other advantages of commercial organizations, and promoting innovation and competition through market-driven. In terms of business resources, commercial banks and technology companies have mature IT facilities and huge user base. In terms of human resources, commercial banks and technology companies also have sufficient talent reserves. The central bank mainly carries out top-level design, as well as legal norms and regulatory standards. After the top-level structure, legal norms and regulatory requirements are designed, services are handed over to the market to play a decisive role in the allocation of resources by the market. Two-tier operation helps to spread risks. The central bank does not presuppose the technical path and remains open. Different institutions can explore different technical paths and realize system optimization through competition.

However, in the pilot stage, the design of such optimal allocation of resources seems to have a big gap with the market development, and the most important reason is the "incentive mechanism" problem.

At present, the core of the two-tier operation system is the operation organization, which has the largest investment in personnel and property and the highest cost, but has no direct income. The operation of digital RMB has become a way for operating institutions to obtain customers, which is not conducive to the promotion and development in the later period.

The characteristic of digital RMB payment is settlement, which is indeed conducive to the efficient realization of the payment process, but it also reduces the participation of the payment process and even cuts off the interest rate acquisition space.

As a large number of participants in the 2.5-tier, it has a high degree of overlap with the 2-tier institutions in the non-operational work of digital RMB. At present, the 10 operating institutions are commercial banks themselves, and they have a certain competitive relationship with the 2.5-tier commercial banks in terms of business and customer base. The 2-tier institutions have squeezed the 2.5-tier business space by virtue of their roles as wallet brands and operating institutions, which seems to affect the enthusiasm of small and medium-sized banks in the pilot process.

At present, there are more and more institutions participating in the pilot project of digital RMB. The 2.5-tier institutions lack clear and standardized roles, division of responsibilities and information protection, and there is no profit point. The participation enthusiasm of the 2.5-tier institutions in most pilot areas is very limited.

Therefore, in the view of mobile payment network, under the two-tier operation system, the sustainable development of digital RMB in the future can not be separated from the perfect "business model", on the one hand, it lies in the cooperation between various institutions at different levels, on the other hand, it lies in the respective functions of different institutions and the income points under their participation.

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As for whether "charging" will affect the "zero handling fee" feature of digital RMB, in fact, users can rest assured that the exchange and redemption of digital RMB will be "zero handling fee" for both users and merchants now and in the future. However, after the future business model is perfected, it is unclear whether the rate income of institutions will be passed on to users and merchants under the price system!

A blank house usually refers to the state that only the basic building structure construction is completed when the house is delivered, and the walls and floors are only preliminarily treated. For some people, due to various reasons, they will choose to live directly in a rough house. So how to adapt to this living condition, and what living methods and precautions are there?

In adapting to the living conditions of rough houses, we must first build basic living facilities. Because the rough house is not decorated, the water and electricity lines may only be reserved. To ensure the safety of electricity use, we can buy qualified patch panels and plan the use of electrical appliances reasonably to avoid tripping caused by using multiple high-power electrical appliances at the same time. In terms of water use, if the water pipes in the bathroom and kitchen have been connected, it is necessary to check whether there is water leakage, and at the same time, some simple storage containers can be prepared to store washing water.

Living in a rough house, keeping warm and insulating is also a problem that needs attention. The walls and roofs of rough houses are not insulated, which will be cold in winter and hot in summer. You can stick a thermal insulation film on the window, lay a thick carpet on the ground and hang some thick curtains on the wall to keep warm and insulate.

In terms of living methods, space utilization should be reasonable. The blank room is empty, so you can use simple furniture such as shelves and wardrobes to divide the space and separate the sleeping area, storage area and activity area. At the same time, attention should be paid to maintaining indoor ventilation, because the air circulation of rough houses may be poor, and long-term lack of ventilation will lead to indoor odor. You can always open the window and let the air convection.

Regarding matters needing attention, safety is the top priority. The floor of the rough house may be uneven, and there is a lot of construction waste, so it should be cleaned up in time to avoid tripping and injury. In addition, due to the lack of door and window locks, we should pay attention to the safety of property and lock the doors and windows as much as possible when going out. In terms of hygiene, because there is no decoration, dust is easy to accumulate, so it should be cleaned regularly to keep the room clean.

The following is a table about the comparison between rough housing and decorated housing:

In short, living in a blank room needs to be well prepared in all aspects, from the construction of living facilities to safety and hygiene, so as to have a relatively comfortable living experience in the blank room.

[Disclaimer] This article only represents the author’s own views and has nothing to do with Hexun. Hexun.com is neutral about the statements and opinions in this article, and does not provide any express or implied guarantee for the accuracy, reliability or completeness of the contents. Readers are requested for reference only, and please take full responsibility. Email: news_center@staff.hexun.com.

A few days ago, the State Council issued the "Action Plan for Promoting Large-scale Equipment Renewal and Consumer Goods Trade-in"; On April 12th, the Ministry of Commerce and other 14 departments jointly issued the Action Plan for Promoting Trade-in of Consumer Goods. At present, the "trade-in" of household appliances is in full swing, and various household appliance chain enterprises have launched corresponding activities. How to trade in the old for the new? How much can old household appliances pay? How to deal with the old household appliances after recycling?

Status quo: The deduction of old household appliances is all "one price"

On Wenchang Middle Road in Yangzhou City, Huiyin Electric Appliances and JD.COM Electric Appliances are close together, which is a good place for local residents to buy electrical appliances. "Trade-in the old, save money and worry", "double subsidies from government and enterprises, change to a new stop" … During the interview, the reporter found that in the two major home appliance markets,not a fewMerchants have posted leaflets related to trade-in.

"A few years ago, I wanted to throw away the broken washing machine at home, and I had to call the master who collected the waste to carry it away. Not only was the broken washing machine worthless, I had to give them 100 yuan." In Gree Store of JD.COM Electric Appliances, the reporter met Zhu Yi, a citizen of Yangzhou who planned to change the air conditioner. He told the reporter that the air conditioner at home has been used for many years, and there will be a "click-click" sound when the blades rotate, so I recently wanted to change the air conditioner before summer. Unexpectedly, when I visited the shopping mall, I found that not only the merchants would tow away the old appliances when they came to install new appliances, but the old air conditioner could also be discounted for money. "The old air conditioner can reach 300 yuan, and it feels convenient and affordable, which is very good."

Gree store clerk said,1 horseOld air conditioners can be deducted from 300 yuan, 1.5 can arrive in 400 yuan, and 2 can be deducted from 500 yuan … In addition, you can enjoy 100 yuan’s "trade-in" voucher when you buy a new air conditioner and 200 yuan’s "trade-in" voucher. After conversion, you can at least save 400 yuan by participating in the "trade-in".

The same is "trade-in", but the experience of Nanjing citizen Meng Jia is somewhat different. "Recently, my home has been renovated, and I want to take this opportunity to replace all home appliances with intelligent ones that can be controlled by remote mobile phones." Meng Jia said, but after consulting the clerk, he found that no matter how good or bad the household appliances are, and how long they are used, they are all "a price" when they are traded in. "Air conditioner 300, refrigerator 200, washing machine 50 … The old household appliances at home have basically only been used for about 5 years, and they are still good, which is a price that others have broken down. I don’t understand why this is calculated."

During the visit, the reporter also found that although the conversion methods of old-for-new home appliances in different cities, different appliance stores and different brands are different, they are basically "one price".

In Nantong Wenfeng World (Nandajie Store), all kinds of household appliances, such as air conditioners, refrigerators and washing machines, are labeled with "trade-in". The sales staff of Midea Air Conditioning told reporters that the "trade-in" activity has just been launched. No matter whether the machine is good or bad or the brand of the machine, one old air conditioner can be deducted from 200 yuan and 1.5 old air conditioners can be delivered to 300 yuan.

On April 11th, the reporter went to Suning.cn (Xinjiekou Store), where the slogan of "trade-in" was everywhere, and the atmosphere of "trade-in" was full.The staff of Skyworth Store said that basically all home appliance brands in Suning Appliance participate in the "trade-in" activity, and consumers can enjoy a 10% discount on the transaction price if they have old home appliances, with the upper limit of 1000 yuan. "For example, a new TV set costs 8,000 yuan, and the old machine can deduct 800 yuan; If you buy 12,000 yuan of new home appliances, you can only reduce 1000 yuan at most with old home appliances. "

When asked why they are all "one price", a shop assistant who has been engaged in electrical appliance sales for more than ten years bluntly said, "Trade-in is just a way of" letting the price go ",and the old machines are actually worthless. After recycling, the old machine can’t be taken to the factory for renovation, so it can only be dismantled as waste, so no matter how many years it has been used, it is the same price. Air conditioners contain metals such as copper, iron and aluminum, and the recycling price is relatively high, while household appliances with less metal content such as refrigerators, televisions and washing machines are worthless. "

Blocking point: it is difficult to recycle old household appliances.

Trade-in of old equipment is not only related to consumption upgrading, but also to establishing a virtuous circle system. It is equally important to deal with "old equipment" and stimulate "new demand".

"The key to recycling household appliances lies in dismantling. At present, there are 8 enterprises with dismantling qualifications in the province. The proportion of waste household appliances that are dismantled and recycled through formal channels is not high, and many of them have entered informal dismantling points, which invisibly increases supervision and environmental protection costs." Wang Sheng, general manager of Kaiyan Electronics Co., Ltd. told the reporter that according to the qualification recognized by the environmental protection department, the enterprise can dismantle 1.93 million used household appliances a year, but last year, the business volume of dismantling enterprises was less than 870,000, and it was the main problem that "second-hand goods" could not be obtained.

While Wang Sheng was worried about "not receiving" old household appliances, the second-hand platform was caught in the dilemma of "not receiving" valuable old household appliances and "no one collecting" old household appliances. "Most old household appliances have no value in circulation to the second-hand market. It is estimated that 80% of old household appliances enter the dismantling process, and only about 20% enter the second-hand market, mainly in the fields of air conditioners and washing machines." A person in charge of the second-hand platform revealed that in addition, in the process of resale of old household appliances on the second-hand platform, it is often difficult to reach an agreement because of the different bids of buyers and sellers and who is responsible for the freight, which leads to the low turnover of second-hand household appliances. There are still many blocking points and sticking points to be cleared on the road to turning the "old" into treasure.

How to solve the problem of single recycling channel of old household appliances and establish an efficient and smooth recycling system of old household appliances?

Liu Buchen, an analyst in the household appliance industry, believes that in the follow-up policy implementation process, we should avoid focusing only on market stimulus and neglecting product recycling, and form a complete policy closed loop from stimulating the market to product withdrawal to recycling. We should provide a formal channel for recycling old household appliances, establish a modern large-scale household appliance recycling system, encourage the fine dismantling of old household appliances, and make the best use of the value of old household appliances.

Zhang Chunlong, director of the Institute of Social Policy of Jiangsu Academy of Social Sciences, suggested that the first is to improve the recycling system and establish a sound recycling system for used household appliances, including setting up professional recycling points and carrying out door-to-door recycling services. The second is to establish a standardized treatment process to standardize the management of the dismantling, classification and treatment of used household appliances to avoid secondary pollution to the environment. The third is to strengthen supervision and law enforcement, introduce relevant policies and standards, strictly implement the disposal standards of used household appliances, and severely crack down on illegal dismantling and disposal. Fourth, encourage all parties involved to share benefits, encourage consumers to participate in recycling by setting up a reasonable recycling incentive mechanism and benefit sharing mechanism, and also encourage recycling enterprises to increase technical input and improve the recycling rate of household appliances resources.

"Promoting large-scale equipment renewal and trade-in of consumer goods is a systematic project, which requires a good combination of policies. It is necessary to strengthen publicity and guidance to raise public awareness of equipment renewal and trade-in of consumer goods. At the same time, it is necessary to introduce relevant policies, such as financial subsidies and tax incentives, to encourage enterprises to renew equipment and trade-in consumer goods, and to improve recycling channels and improve recycling efficiency. In addition, it is necessary to strengthen the formulation and upgrading of standards to provide a better market environment for equipment renewal and trade-in of consumer goods. " Liang Zhenpeng, a senior industrial economic observer, said.

In the recycling system of old household appliances, enterprises are the main body of innovation and development. "Haier has built 5,000 recycling networks across the country, covering 2,482 districts and counties, ensuring the production capacity of the dismantling end. In 2023, 6.73 million old household appliances were dismantled." The relevant person in charge of Haier’s recycling industry said that at present, Haier has built the industry’s first circular closed-loop system of "recycling, dismantling, recycling and reuse" around the consumer demand for health and greening. At the recycling end, the enterprise will co-ordinate the old machine resources to ensure the production capacity of the dismantling end; At the dismantling end, the enterprise will optimize the dismantling process and enhance the value of the dismantled products; At the recycling end, Haier will improve the quality of recycled products through technological innovation; On the reuse side, Haier has realized the high-value utilization of renewable resources.

According to the relevant person in charge of Gree Electric, since 2010, the company has established six renewable resource bases, carried out recycling of discarded electrical and electronic products, discarded automobiles, and deep processing and recycling of discarded circuit boards and discarded plastics. The amount of green and harmless treatment of discarded household appliances has been in the forefront of the industry for many years, with revenue of about 1.7 billion yuan in 2022 and over 3 billion yuan in 2023, with a year-on-year increase of 76.5%. By the end of 2023, Gree’s renewable resources had collected and dismantled 56 million sets of waste electronic and electrical products, and recycled 850,000 tons of main metals such as copper, iron and aluminum. According to the calculation, through the resource regeneration of Gree, the carbon emission has been reduced by 2.8 million tons.

At present, it is imperative to get through the possible difficulties of "trade-in". At present, the action plan of trade-in has been released one after another. The reporter learned that the relevant policies of trade-in in Jiangsu are still in the pipeline.

Peng Tao, general manager of Nanjing Environmental Resources Recycling Technology Co., Ltd. expects that Jiangsu’s "trade-in" policy will pay more attention to recycling and dismantling, strengthen the supervision of recycling and dismantling channels, prevent unqualified enterprises from dismantling waste household appliances privately, and avoid leaving "environmental problems" behind by the "green rejuvenation" policy.

It is reported that qualified dismantling enterprises will make the best use of waste household appliances according to the process requirements of the environmental protection department, and turn the old ones into gold: the waste parts are sold to steel mills, circuit boards to hazardous waste recycling enterprises, foam insulation layers, etc. They are sold to qualified raw material users, and harmful metals are sent to qualified enterprises for harmless treatment.

"At present, enterprises carry out the" trade-in "activity, and most of the recycled waste household appliances have nowhere to accept except air conditioners, and they are piled up in the open air, causing environmental pollution." Qian Zhengming, secretary of the Party branch of the Provincial Household Electrical Appliances Association, found in the investigation that some of the recovered household appliances flowed to the second-hand market, and many of them flowed into illegal dismantling channels. Even those who entered the formal dismantling enterprises went through many links, with high costs, and the enterprises were operating at a loss and lacked enthusiasm. She suggested that the government can give appropriate subsidies to this link and set up a special warehouse for used household appliances.

Prospects: The replacement scale of household appliances in Jiangsu this year is expected to be 15 million units.

Compared with the past, the new round of "trade-in" launched this year is significantly different in government-led, implementation areas and subsidy standards, and pays more attention to guiding consumers to "update" in the direction of greening, intelligence and informationization. Qian Zhengming believes that this round of "trade-in" policy is just the right time. On the one hand, with the technological innovation, there are a large number of new products with high technical content, strong personalization and good energy-saving effect on the market; On the other hand, with the continuous development of the market, China’s home appliance market has entered an era of paying equal attention to both increment and stock from the "incremental era", and some consumers urgently need to eliminate the old home appliances that have been "out of service" to reduce potential safety hazards; There are also some consumers who are experiencing the concept upgrade from "having to being excellent" and need to meet their needs with "new consumption".

In order to promote consumers to eliminate old appliances with high energy consumption and replace them with green smart appliances, more than 30 head brands, including JD.COM, Hand in Hand Midea, Haier, Gree, Hisense, Samsung, etc., have offered 15% subsidy for the old ones. "Consumers can participate in activities in self-operated stores under the national line of JD.COM MALL, JD.COM and JD.COM Wuxing Electric, and enjoy the’ one-stop free delivery of new and old’ service, without having to worry about the handling of old household appliances." Tang Hui, the brand department of JD.COM Wuxing Electric Appliances, said that since March, the trade-in business volume of JD.COM Jiangsu stores has increased by more than 200% month-on-month. Through investigation, it is found that this round of consumers’ demand for replacement is more focused on green smart home appliances, and the demand for large-capacity refrigerators, washing machines, fresh air conditioners and household appliances is very large, which is a rejuvenation of lifestyle.

Xu Zhibo, sales general manager and user experience officer of Haier Zhijia in China, said that in terms of product replacement, Haier locked in more than 400 trade-in models in 14 categories, including refrigerators, washing machines, dryers and air conditioners, and invested 1 billion yuan in special replacement subsidy funds to provide users with three subsidies: old machine residual value coupons, replacement subsidy coupons and green carbon points. The highest subsidy for single product replacement is 1000 yuan, which can also be superimposed with local government replacement consumption subsidies up to 15%.～20%； In the scene renewal, Haier provides users with local renovation and scene renewal services for balconies, kitchens and other family spaces, from changing a home appliance to changing a complete set of home appliances to changing a smart home scene scheme, and provides 20% ~ 40% subsidies for local renovation.

Trade in the old for the new to incite the big market. The reporter learned that in 2023, the sales brought by the trade-in of Haier China District will account for about 30% of the total sales. Since the second half of last year, Sanying Bird has focused on the renovation of old residential areas and second-hand houses, and the transaction volume of smart scene schemes has exceeded 5.3 billion yuan.

Promote high-quality durable consumer goods to enter residents’ lives, and a new round of "trade-in" action will open up a huge domestic demand market. How big is the space? According to the forecast data of AVC, in 2024, the channel scale of the national household appliances market will be about 483.86 million online, 127.02 million offline and 610.88 million omni-channel.

"This year, there should be about 30 million’ elimination’ units in Jiangsu that have only been in service for an extended period. Considering the situation that some consumers are frugal, the whole replacement scale should be around 15 million units, of which the replacement scale of empty ice washing and kitchen appliances should be around 7.5 million units." Qian Zhengming said that this large-scale equipment renewal and the trade-in of consumer goods showed the adjustment of the policy thinking of "tapping the increment from the stock", which not only helped to expand the effective demand and supply-side structural reform as a whole, but also consolidated the economic recovery and accelerated the green transformation of economic development.

Li Xin, director of the Electrical Testing Center of the Provincial Quality Inspection Institute, said that according to the Safe Service Life of Household Appliances, the safe service life of household refrigerators and room air conditioners is 10 years; The safe service life of household electric washing machines, clothes dryers, household gas stoves, range hoods, storage water heaters, household water purifiers, tableware disinfection cabinets and smart toilets is 8 years.

"It should be noted that the safe service life of air conditioners starts from the production date, and the rest products start from the sales date. Exceeding the above time is’ overdue service’. " Li Xin said that the use environment of many household appliances is complex. When they are used beyond the service life, the performance of the products will obviously decline, and the energy consumption of water, electricity and gas will also increase significantly. More importantly, the longer they are used beyond the service life, the higher the probability of safety accidents. Generally speaking, consumers are advised to replace household appliances in time in the following situations: household appliances that have exceeded the safe service life, household appliances with outdated technology, household appliances with outdated standards, household appliances with constant glitches, and household appliances with significantly increased energy consumption.

How to stimulate the demand for home appliance trade-in? The reporter learned that not only the market has acted quickly, but governments at all levels have intensively "thrown out" subsidies to promote the "replacement" market to heat up.

On April 9th, Jiangsu Provincial Department of Commerce held a deployment meeting on financial assistance to promote consumption mobilization. Focus on the fields of automobile, home (household appliances, furniture) and refined oil consumption, integrate resources of all parties through the way of "government setting up a platform, association guidance, enterprise participation and market operation", and select multiple property communities for pilot by the way of "pilot first and then promote". Then the relevant government departments issued special working documents for further replication and promotion.

On April 10th, Taizhou Municipal Bureau of Commerce released the plan of "Tai Xiang Consumption Rejuvenates New Life" to promote household appliances trade-in in 2024, which is scheduled for April 15th, 2024.～During the period of May 15th, we invested 2 million yuan, and adopted the method of "government subsidy+merchants making profits". The maximum subsidy for rejuvenation exceeded 15%, and vigorously carried out the "trade-in" activity of household appliances, bringing tangible benefits to consumers.

Xinhua Daily Meeting Point reporter Hong Ye Wang Mengran made a wish

　　1. From 17 to 19, there was a rare heavy rain and snow weather in the central and eastern regions during the same period in history.

　　Since November 17th, there has been a large range of heavy rain and snow in the central and eastern regions of China, which has a wide range of influence and strong intensity, and is rare in the same period in history.

　　According to the monitoring data, as of the morning of the 19th, there were heavy blizzards in parts of southeastern Heilongjiang, northwestern Jilin, central and southeastern Inner Mongolia, and heavy blizzards in Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, Tongliao and Chifeng, Inner Mongolia (snowfall 20 ~ 43mm); Heavy rains occurred in southeastern Jilin, eastern Liaoning, Shandong, central and eastern Henan, central and northern Jiangsu, central and northern Anhui, southwestern and eastern Hubei, northern Chongqing, northeastern Sichuan and other places, and heavy rains occurred in Dandong, Liaoning and northern Chongqing (rainfall 100 ~ 141 mm); The depth of snow in southeastern Heilongjiang, western Jilin and central and eastern Inner Mongolia is 5-10 cm, and the local area is 15-25 cm.

　　According to statistics, the daily precipitation of 243 national meteorological observatories in Liaoning, Jilin, Inner Mongolia, Shandong, Henan and other places has exceeded the historical extreme in November since meteorological records were recorded.

　　On the morning of the 19th, the heavy rain and snow process was still not over, and the Central Meteorological Observatory issued a yellow warning of blizzard: It is expected that there will be heavy snowstorms in parts of central and eastern Heilongjiang and central and northern Jilin in the next 24 hours, among which there will be heavy snowstorms in the eastern part of Heilongjiang (20 ~ 23 mm); The depth of newly added snow in the above areas is 5 ~ 10 cm, and the local area is more than 15 cm.

　　2. A new round of rain, snow and cooling weather struck from 20th to 22nd.

　　It is expected that there will be a large-scale rain and snow cooling weather again in the central and eastern regions from the 20th to the 22nd. The specific forecast is as follows:

　　Rain and snow forecast: From 20th to 22nd, there will be small to medium snow or sleet in the eastern part of northwest China, northern Sichuan Plateau, north China, northern Huanghuai and south-central part of northeast China, and there will be heavy snow or blizzard in the southeast of Qinghai, southern Gansu, north-central Shaanxi, Shanxi and northwest Hebei, with 1-5 cm of newly added snow and 8-10 cm of local area. There are small to moderate rains in the eastern part of Southwest China, southern Huanghuai, Jianghan, Jianghuai, Jiangnan and South China, and heavy rains in Chongqing, northwestern Hunan, Hubei and central Anhui.

　　Temperature forecast: From 19th to 23rd, affected by two cold air streams, the temperature in the central and eastern regions will continue to drop, with the temperature dropping by 8 ~ 12℃ in most areas, with the temperature dropping by more than 14℃ in parts of the south of the Yangtze River and northern South China. After the cold air passes, the lowest temperature 0℃ line will be pressed to the south-central part of Huanghuai on the morning of 23rd or 24th, in which the lowest temperature in north and northeast China is-12 ~-8℃ and the lowest temperature in south China and Huanghuai is-4 ~ 0℃. There are 4 ~ 6 northerly winds and 7 ~ 8 gusts in the north of the Yangtze River and the west of the south of the Yangtze River.

　　Meteorologists reminded that the public should guard against the adverse effects of snow and ice on roads caused by rain and snow and low visibility weather on travel traffic; Under the continuous suppression of cold air, the temperature in the south of the Yangtze River and the north will continue to drop in the next few days. Please ask the public to increase their clothes in time, take measures to prevent cold and wind, and beware of catching a cold.

　　(Editor: Su Jessie)

Original mountain

Author | He Jian

Edit | Jiang Jiang

Cover | Snowball "Avenue is invisible and I have style"

Duan Yongping went to the United States in 2001 and settled near California. Since then, he has been far away from the front line of business and rarely returned to China, but there are still legends about him on the Chinese Internet. In fact, Duan Yongping began to be called "China Buffett" just after he retired.

Few entrepreneurs in China can still gain a huge voice after staying away from the front line of business. Duan Yongping is called a hidden billionaire, and people talk about his investment ideas, his culture and the stories of his disciples in China. His disciples did create great commercial achievements.

It’s hard to say whether Duan Yongping’s popularity was created by the media or he did it on purpose. After all, those circulating quotations really came from his sharing on social platforms for decades. Instead of choosing fashionable social platforms such as Weibo and short video, he registered an account in a stock investment community-he is one of the people with the largest number of fans on this platform-perhaps because it is more suitable for investment exchange, or just because the founder of this platform, Fang Sanwen, is his good friend.

He shared his daily life here, and passed by Macao for a small gamble during the Spring Festival, and won. Get up early to grab Vision Pro, and it took a few days to say that there is no cinema that can compare with Vision Pro’s viewing experience. Maotai and Ruixing made a sauce-flavored latte, and he was willing to vote for it as a shareholder. Go to the NBA to watch the ball and wish the Warriors good luck. But more is to share the investment concept. He has a heavy position in Apple and Maotai and is optimistic about the long-term value of the company. "Buying stocks means buying companies", which has attracted many people who regard him as their life mentor.

Like Buffett, every speech made by Duan Yongping can be used to make a fuss. Recently, he discussed his views on the buyback with netizens, and compared Tencent’s buyback with Apple’s. Some media immediately reported that "Duan Yongping’ questioned’ Tencent". Last year, he shared the investment dynamics of "starting to think about Ali, selling put first", which caused a lot of commotion. Many analysts explained that this was Duan Yongping’s "bullish and bargain-hunting of Ali stocks."

Duan Yongping’s screen name is "Avenue is invisible and I have style". Most of his followers call him "Avenue", which is not only the nickname of Duan Yongping, but also seems to be the avenue of their lives.

01 | Beware of being blacked out.

880,000 fans are not a bright number on social platforms. The number of fans after the name of online celebrity on Tik Tok is 99.99 million+. But in Snowball, a stock exchange community, 880,000 is probably the limit you can reach.

This is the number of fans of snowball user "Avenue is invisible and I have style". Of course, you may be more familiar with his real name Duan Yongping. More often, people will add an attribute before his name, "China Buffett". He himself denied the name many times, even though it was the name that appeared most frequently in his mouth.

It costs 128 million RMB to photograph the sky-high lunch to communicate with Buffett, but to communicate with "China Buffett", you only need to register a snowball and comment under the account of "Avenue is invisible and I have style".

But remember to follow certain rules. For example, you only ask questions once a day (the exact time set by Duan Yongping is 23 hours). Don’t ask silly questions. Before asking questions, you’d better read through his past speeches-they are everywhere on the Internet, and some speeches are also marked with dates. Snowball has specially published a book for him, "Duan Yongping Investment Questions and Answers", which consists of two volumes.

Don’t try to give him advice, because he just shares and doesn’t want to discuss any problems with anyone. "I have enough experience and don’t want to discuss problems with anyone."

It’s ok to express gratitude, for example, reading his posts has benefited a lot, and some of them will reply briefly, "I will be happy that someone finds it enlightening", but it’s best not to make a long speech, and he may not pay attention to you. Remember not to love him casually, it’s what he hates most.

One of the consequences of not following the rules is that you will be blacked out by him. Recently, a former employee of an Internet company was blacked out by him because he was asked what he thought of the non-competition agreement of this Internet company. He should also be cautious in evaluating his favorite companies, such as Apple, Maotai and Tencent. These companies are all his heavy positions, and some have been firmly held for many years. He hates "pretending to know apple", and it will ruin things when he meets it.

More blackouts may just be that he doesn’t like it. He said in his signature that "I occasionally choose blackouts because I don’t like you either". For example, you can love him casually, or you have different opinions on Chinese medicine, or he feels silly about your speech. Don’t think that you won’t be seen by him when you comment on your homepage or other bloggers. He often surfs the internet.

In Snowball, a small investor trading community, being blacked out by "Avenue" is something to show off-after all, it may be the place with the highest concentration of "Duan Yongping Quotations" on the Internet. Duan Yongping is not only a "avenue" here, but also a life mentor.

A person who was blacked out by Duan Yongping said that he was "both shocked and surprised" and was shocked by being blacked out, because he was a snowball registered for Duan, and he was surprised that "I was so close to my idol, and even some little ones were lucky to be noticed by idols."

After being blacked out by him, some people will write a special post saying "honored" and express their gratitude at the same time. "I am grateful to learn a lot from the avenue." Sometimes I have to reflect on what mistakes I made, such as cognitive deficiencies, such as whether I said something that I shouldn’t have said.

It is an honor to be noticed by the avenue. Some followers have been interacting with Duan Yongping on the Internet since the blog period. In 2018, Netease blog was changed to Lofter, but Duan Yongping didn’t like it, so he turned to snowball. He posted a blog saying that "bloggers can sign a number on the snowball" and left a message telling him that he would pay more attention. There are more people paying attention to him now, and it is not easy to get attention. The rule of Avenue is that there must be at least two people who have paid attention to it, and he will also look at the applicant’s application content and speech views in advance. He only followed 181 people on the snowball.

But we should also pay attention to choosing a good screen name. After all, the screen name is also the embodiment of values. A netizen’s name is "Being surprisingly upright", which was changed by Duan Yongping’s suggestion to "Being surprisingly upright" because "if you don’t think about surprises all day, the chances of making mistakes will drop, and it will become possible to make a mistake accidentally."

This netizen left a message thanking him for saying, "With the word’ no’ added, there is a lot less trouble."

02 | Preacher

Many people use "preacher" to describe Duan Yongping. Even though he retired long ago, the culture of "duty" advocated by him continued to spread on the Chinese Internet through his disciples. He himself has expounded this point on snowball or Netease blog many times. "Duty" can be briefly summarized as "doing the right thing, doing the right thing". He said that these two words are extremely simple but by no means easy. You can read "understand" in one second, but most people can’t do it all their lives.

Thinking about this duty should always be kept in mind, and strive to combine words with deeds. A few years ago, the WeChat red envelope burst into flames. Some people used their duty to think, saying, "It’s not their duty to grab the red envelope easily in the group." Duan Yongping replied that his duty was to blame himself, not to use it as a mirror.

Some people ask him that he is too specific about his business actions, which he will think is not understood in place. For example, a netizen once asked him about his decision-making ideas in BBK, and he said that these were all "skills". "My whole blog is about’ Tao’, but people always think that’ skills’ are worth learning." He warned these people that those who are eager to learn a trick or two from the avenue, so as to get financial freedom quickly, are all in the opposite direction.

Duan Yongping has also forwarded many collections of his own speeches, and his speech in BBK more than 20 years ago can also be found on his blog, with the title "The Foundation is Evergreen". A few days ago, he forwarded an interview with him by a student from Zhejiang University eight years ago. "It may be really helpful for students who are graduating from college to look at this."

Duan Yongping also recommended the book "The Foundation is Evergreen" many times.

In recent years, he has not been interviewed by the media, partly because he retired and partly because he felt that the media would misinterpret his meaning. He learned from Buffett and will only be interviewed by TV media in the future, and will not be misinterpreted.

Duan Yongping’s popularity on Chinese Internet largely comes from his successful investment in Netease many years ago. It is said that he benefited as much as $1 billion from that investment. He later said that the standard of his judgment is value, and the simplest investment standard is "buying stocks is buying companies."

Countless people tried to learn the secret of investment from Duan Yongping. They followed him from Netease blog to snowball, and learned every speech he made, trying to replicate his success in the stock market. But Duan Yongping always said that he didn’t know much, and only one or two companies could really understand it. In the past years, his investment career has been centered around a few companies such as Maotai and Apple, and has been firmly held for decades.

He doesn’t look at short-term fluctuations, and he just stays at ease when he buys stocks. Sometimes I have to tease others. Apple once made a fortune. On that day, he played golf with others. As a result, after playing nine holes, the man said that he would go back to see Apple’s financial report. He thought to himself, "What’s good about Apple’s earnings report? It’s still important to play ball." But in the end, I had to finish the remaining 18 holes by myself.

He is also a fan of the products of these two companies. He knows a lot about Moutai, and it tastes better after being bought for 30 years than the vintage wine he bought directly. He bought Apple’s latest iPhone every year. Last year, the iPhone 15 Pro Max was too popular. He took it a week late and was worried. "In the past, you could get there on the first day through the back door." In fact, his residence in the United States is not far from Apple’s headquarters. Last Halloween, he passed by Jobs’ door and took a photo, saying that "Jobs’ door is very lively tonight". It is estimated that at least a few candy meals will be prepared.

At the beginning of this year, some media counted his positions in US stocks, and the assets of H&H, an investment company he managed, reached 100 billion RMB. Apple is a big position, accounting for as much as 80%. The rest are Buffett’s Berkshire Hathaway and Google. He also bought a small amount of Alibaba, replacing the Pinduoduo stock he used to hold.

In the past, Duan Yongping has always said that he can’t understand e-commerce companies. Pinduoduo couldn’t understand it, but he bought some stocks for Huang Zheng, who said he wouldn’t sell them for three years. He said that he didn’t understand Pinduoduo, which might be a bit like Buffett didn’t understand Microsoft.

When Pinduoduo’s market value surpassed Ali’s at the end of last year, H&H he managed cleared Pinduoduo and started buying Alibaba. Some time ago, after Cai Chongxin’s last interview, he said that maybe "there is no difficult business in the world" needs to be adjusted, because the user can’t reflect it in this sentence.

Many hot companies, such as NVIDIA and Microsoft, are not bought by Duan Yongping. He said that he couldn’t understand these companies. "I didn’t understand them and didn’t have time to read them, so I just missed them." He said that he couldn’t directly feel their products and missed many such companies in the process of playing golf, but he didn’t care. "I’m a Man Cang, but I didn’t miss anything, did I?"

Many people asked him about a company. Duan Yongping’s common expression is to think about this company in 10 or 20 years. Some people say that many of his ideas are ahead of time, but his answer is not ahead of time, just trying to look far away.

03 | Vision Pro, Big Model, Golf and Life Mentor

Most of the time, Duan Yongping’s status on social platforms is relaxed and comfortable, which may make entrepreneurs of his age feel envious.

In January this year, Apple Vision Pro officially opened for booking, and Duan Yongping got up early and got up at 5 o’clock. Vision Pro was sold out 18 minutes after its opening, and Duan Yongping successfully grabbed a ticket. He took a screenshot of the order on the snowball, equipped with Zeiss glasses, travel suit and Apple Care+ warranty service, with a total price of $4,696.

After the arrival of the goods, he specially took a photo of wearing Vision Pro and asked everyone "watching movies or skiing". He spent five or six hours experiencing it. More than 90% of them were watching movies, Forrest Gump, The Avengers and Avatar. If it wasn’t for bedtime, he might have been able to watch it all the time. He spoke highly of Vision Pro, saying that there is no cinema that can be compared with Vision Pro’s viewing experience. Maybe children in the next 10 years will not know what a cinema is.

Duan likes the movie Forrest Gump very much.

Duan Yongping is also very concerned about the hot AI model. At one time, he asked ChatGPT "Who is Duan Yongping" every day to judge whether the big model was talking nonsense. Sometimes the big model says that Duan Yongping is the managing partner of Morgan Stanley, or distinguished professor of Wudaokou Finance College in Tsinghua University, and even founded a fund management company called Dacheng Fund. Duan Yongping concluded, "Ask the same question every day, you can get different answers every day, and you can be happy every day."

In January, he tried to see if Bard, who quit Google, could get the latest information, so he asked, "What is Duan Yongping doing recently?" Bard said that Duan Yongping recently said that he was optimistic about the new energy vehicle industry-in fact, Duan Yongping has never been optimistic about Tesla. Duan Yongping finally commented, "Bard will also be serious and nonsense, and it seems that AI is not enough for search."

But golf is what he really loves. Someone asked him what he thought of Bezos, Nadella and Cook. He said that they were all better than him, but he was better at golf and table tennis. He seldom participates in activities organized by domestic entrepreneurs. Before the dissolution of the Taishan Club, he said that he quit after joining for two years, which was meaningless, and he had his own thoughts. "No one played ball."

This is the retirement life that Duan Yongping enjoys. Sometimes I bask in my own red wine and share my life. Today, I bought and sold a few pens for "entertainment".

But there are always some external factors to disturb him, and the spotlight of the media always hits him. Last time OPPO stopped the chip business Zheku, people kept coming to ask his opinion. He was so upset that he wrote a 200-word explanation, saying that he had retired for more than 20 years. He didn’t know how the specific business was running at present, and he knew the news was only 10 minutes earlier than online. If he asked again, it would be blacked out.

Maotai’s changes in the domestic stock market will also involve him. Earlier this month, Maotai released its 2023 annual report, showing that two private equity funds reduced their holdings in the fourth quarter of last year, which was considered to be related to him. Duan Yongping had to post a special post to clarify, "We didn’t sell any shares!"

At the beginning of this year, he asked a question on the snowball, "Who do you think are the companies that will still be there in 10 years?" He thinks that Apple and Maotai will still be there in 20 years, Google, Microsoft and BRK (Berkshire Hathaway) should still be there, Tencent has a 90% probability, and OPPO and vivo should have a 75% probability. Soon, the media issued a report-"Duan Yongping looks to the next decade". He commented on the recent repurchase of Tencent, so there was "Duan Yongping" questioning Tencent "

Duan Yongping was born in 1961 and is 63 years old this year. Yu Minhong, who is one year younger than him, is still in the first line of the company. In the past few months, he apologized for the incident of Dong Yuhui, the head of his company, online celebrity. Duan Yongping has never met Yu, but he has always thought that he is a very interesting person. New Oriental was once shorted. He spent four hours watching all the interviews with Yu Minhong he could find on the Internet, and came to the conclusion that this person is not what the short seller said. At the end of 2021, New Oriental began to do the live broadcast of Oriental selection. He bought some New Oriental stocks to express his support. "Yu Minhong, who has been gambling for 60 years, will not fall."

Most of the private entrepreneurs who made their fortune by industry together with Duan Yongping in the 1990s have now disappeared from public view. For example, Lan Shili, who just got out of prison two years ago, and Gu Chujun, who made his fortune by air conditioning. Most of the consumer electronics brands born at the same time are short-lived. Like the bully, it took only four years for the love of contemporary speakers to end from glory, and Amoi and Kim Jong-il gradually disappeared from the mainstream vision.

Duan Yongping is different. Most of his businesses in the past are still doing well, and his disciples are also inheriting the duty culture he advocated. It’s hard to say that Duan Yongping really retired-even though he kept stressing that he had retired for many years.

He still expresses his views on his social account intensively, keeping up with current events, commenting on the company and recalling the past, which always attracts the attention of the public and the media. He is not optimistic about new energy vehicles, saying that Tesla may have a hard time in the next 20 years, and evaluating BYD’s cost advantage will become a moat. These speeches have been quoted by the media from time to time and made headlines.

After some entrepreneurs retired, there was no more news, such as Chen Tianqiao, the founder of Shanda Company, who also retired from the United States. Chen Tianqiao was recently mentioned because of the exposure of a large number of real estate he bought in the United States. He is now the second largest foreign landlord in the United States, but Chen Tianqiao did not respond.

Even Huang Zheng, the founder of Pinduoduo, who is now retired from the background, is much more low-key than Duan Yongping. Huang Zheng stepped down as CEO in 2021, and there has been no public speech and dynamics since then.

Duan Yongping, who retired bravely, has become a life mentor in the new era after more than 20 years of quitting the front line.

Original title: "Duan Yongping is hard to hide in the city"

Read the original text

　　Recently, Typhoon Du Surui triggered a torrential rain and flood disaster in Beijing, and a series of law-related problems appeared in post-disaster recovery and reconstruction. The Beijing Lawyers Association organized lawyers from eleven professional committees, including civil law, insurance, labor, transportation and contract, to set up legal service groups to explain and analyze legal problems arising from the rainstorm.

　　Legal problem and solutions on that protection of consume rights and interests

　　1. What kind of legal responsibilities will the operators bear for driving up prices and making disasters?

　　Operators will bear administrative responsibility, and if the circumstances are serious, they will bear criminal responsibility. In violation of the provisions of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) Price Law, there are acts of manipulating market prices, spreading price increase information to drive up prices, etc., and according to Article 6 of the Provisions on Administrative Penalties for Price Violations, a fine of less than 5 times the illegal income is imposed; If there is no illegal income, a fine of not less than 50,000 yuan but not more than 500,000 yuan shall be imposed, and a fine of not less than 500,000 yuan but not more than 3 million yuan shall be imposed if the circumstances are serious. If the circumstances are serious, criminal responsibility for the crime of illegal business operation may be investigated.

　　Second, if someone produces and sells food that has been soaked and polluted by floods, what legal consequences will it lead to?

　　If the production and sale of food soaked and contaminated by flood is enough to cause serious food poisoning accidents or other serious food-borne diseases, it will constitute the crime of producing and selling food that does not meet the safety standards, and can be sentenced to criminal detention, imprisonment, fines, confiscation of property and other penalties.

　　3. I made an appointment for a photography service. Because of the rainstorm, I applied to the merchant for rescheduling. The merchant refused to reschedule and deducted the deposit. Is it legal?

　　Article 590 of the Civil Code of People’s Republic of China (PRC) stipulates: "If one party fails to perform the contract due to force majeure, it shall be exempted from liability in part or in whole according to the influence of force majeure, except as otherwise provided by law." Rainstorm will be prompted by weather forecast, so whether it can be attributed to force majeure depends on the specific circumstances such as "unpredictability of rainstorm" and "severity of rainstorm". If it is really impossible to rush to the shooting site due to the stagnant ground water due to the rainstorm, the rainstorm can be considered as force majeure, and the merchants should cooperate to change the date and should not deduct the deposit.

　　4. If the house rented through an intermediary company is blocked by the roof drainage and accumulated too much water in the rainstorm, which leads to the collapse of the house, can you ask the intermediary for compensation?

　　When renting a house through an intermediary, if the intermediary deliberately conceals important facts related to the conclusion of the contract or provides false information, which harms the interests of the client, the intermediary shall bear the responsibility; If the intermediary did not conceal the situation of the house in the process of providing intermediary services, the intermediary will not bear the responsibility because of the quality problems of the house itself or the collapse of the house due to disasters, and the lessee may ask the lessor to bear the corresponding responsibilities.

　　Article 962 of the Civil Code of People’s Republic of China (PRC) stipulates that the intermediary shall truthfully report the matters related to the conclusion of the contract to the client. Where an intermediary intentionally conceals important facts related to the conclusion of a contract or provides false information, thereby harming the interests of the client, it shall not request payment of remuneration and shall be liable for compensation.

　　5. Who will pay for the goods purchased online that were washed away and damaged by water at the logistics distribution station?

　　According to the provisions of Articles 47 and 48 of the Postal Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC), if the online shopping items are insured with property loss insurance, you can apply for insurance claims; If the merchant applies for insured price at the time of delivery, the logistics company can compensate according to the insured amount. For mail losses caused by force majeure, logistics enterprises shall not be liable for compensation, except for insured mail items.

　　Legal problems and solutions about land and real estate

　　1. Who will bear the maintenance responsibility for the leakage of the rented house caused by heavy rain?

　　If there is an agreement in the lease contract, if there is no agreement, the lessor shall perform the maintenance obligation of the lease item according to Article 712th of the Civil Code of People’s Republic of China (PRC). If the contract signed by the lessor and the housing leasing enterprise stipulates that the maintenance responsibility belongs to the housing leasing enterprise, the lessor may pursue the responsibility from the housing leasing enterprise after assuming the maintenance responsibility.

　　Second, the rainstorm caused the rental house to be flooded. Who will bear the loss of indoor property?

　　The loss of the lessee’s indoor property shall be borne by the lessee in principle. However, if there is evidence that the house itself has design defects or that the improper transformation of the housing leasing enterprise has caused or aggravated the losses of the lessee, the lessor and the housing leasing enterprise may be investigated for tort liability according to their fault.

　　3. Who should bear the liability for compensation if the rainstorm causes the house to leak and flood downstairs?

　　If the leakage point is in public places or public facilities such as leaking pipes, the property service person shall be liable for compensation; If the water leak is in the exclusive part, the owner shall be liable for compensation. After the owner is liable for compensation, if there is an agreement with the lessee in the lease contract, he may pursue the responsibility from the lessee.

　　After finding water leakage upstairs, the injured party should first protect the site and fix the evidence. For example, taking photos, video recording and other evidence collection. You can find property service providers or communities, let them give their opinions, or let them go to the upstairs owners for consultation and repair. If the consultation fails, an agency with assessment qualification can be invited to the site for assessment. After sorting out the relevant evidence, you can bring a lawsuit to the court and ask the upstairs owner to compensate for the losses.

　　4. Can the lessee claim rent relief from the lessor because the leased house cannot be used normally due to heavy rain?

　　If the leased premises can’t be used normally due to the rainstorm disaster, if it is caused by reasons not attributable to the lessee, the lessee may request the lessor to partially or completely waive its obligation to pay rent; If the lessee is at fault, it shall bear corresponding responsibilities according to the size of the fault. The lessee shall notify the lessor in time to reduce the losses that may be caused to the lessor, and provide evidence to prove it within a reasonable period of time. In addition, if the lessee has delayed payment or refused to pay the rent before the rainstorm disaster, the lessee’s default liability occurred first and the flood disaster occurred later, and the lessee’s unpaid rent cannot be exempted at this time.

　　5. If the leased premises cannot be used normally due to the rainstorm, can the lessee claim to terminate the contract with the lessor?

　　It needs to be determined according to the damage of the house. If the purpose of the lease contract cannot be achieved due to serious damage, the lessee may request to terminate the lease contract according to Article 563 of the Civil Code of People’s Republic of China (PRC). In judicial practice, the people’s court will comprehensively consider the impact of floods on the contract performance period, contract content, contract subject matter and other related issues, and handle the termination of the contract according to the situation. In the case that the lease term of the contract or the remaining lease term is short, and the leased house is partially or completely damaged or lost due to the rainstorm disaster, the lessee’s contractual purpose can no longer be realized, and the request to terminate the contract can usually be supported. If the remaining lease term is long and the leased house itself is not seriously damaged or can be resumed as soon as possible after cleaning, it will not affect the realization of the purpose of the lease contract itself. At this time, the lessee’s claim to terminate the lease contract is usually not supported, but at this time, the lessee can still reduce its losses by applying for rent reduction.

　　6. If the land and house are damaged and lost due to the flood, and the lease contract cannot be continued, do you need to bear the liability for breach of contract?

　　No liability for breach of contract is required. Article 180 of the Civil Code of People’s Republic of China (PRC) stipulates that those who cannot perform their civil obligations due to force majeure shall not bear civil liability. If there are other provisions in the law, such provisions shall prevail. Force majeure is an objective situation that cannot be foreseen, avoided and overcome, and floods fall into this category.

　　Seven, how to repair the roof leakage and wall seepage caused by heavy rain?

　　According to the Measures for Quality Warranty of Building Construction Projects, the warranty period of roof waterproofing works, toilets, rooms and exterior walls with waterproof requirements is 5 years. Within 5 years, the owner may ask the construction unit to carry out repairs. If the construction unit refuses to repair, the reasonable expenses incurred by the owner after repairing by himself may claim compensation from the developer. Over the warranty period, the roof maintenance belongs to the public part, you can apply for the start of residential special maintenance funds.

　　Eight, how to start the special maintenance fund for housing caused by heavy rain?

　　The Beijing Municipal Commission of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and the Beijing Housing Provident Fund Management Center issued the Notice on Further Promoting the Use of Special Maintenance Funds for Houses in the Case of Rain Leakage (J.J.F. [2023] No.253), which stipulates that if the houses in residential quarters leak rain and exceed the maintenance scope agreed in the property service contract, the community industry committee (property management committee) and the property service provider should first report to the local residents’ (village) committees in time for on-the-spot inspection by all parties. After confirming the mode and scope of maintenance and renovation, the industry committee (property management committee) or the property service provider can entrust the construction unit to carry out maintenance and renovation of the parts involved in the house leakage. After the maintenance and renovation, the project cost accounting, the application for the use of maintenance funds to the relevant departments, and the allocation of special maintenance funds for housing to the bank account of the construction unit can be carried out. Therefore, within the scope of this city, the use of the maintenance fund in the case of water leakage in the house can be realized first and then funded under the corresponding conditions, and the process is more convenient.

　　9. Who can claim the loss from the heavy rain that caused the house to partially collapse?

　　If the house collapses due to its own quality problems, it can claim compensation from the developer; If the house collapses under the rainstorm disaster due to long-term construction and improper use, the rainstorm is a force majeure factor and cannot claim compensation. You can try to apply for subsidies from the local government.

　　Ten, heavy rain caused the garage, garage irrigation, resulting in property damage, who should be liable for compensation?

　　The possible responsible subjects are developers and property service providers. If the drainage design of residential areas, underground garages and basements is not in accordance with national standards, and the design or construction is not standardized, resulting in drainage problems, developers can be required to bear the responsibility; If the realty service contract stipulates the relevant management responsibilities of the realty service provider in case of sudden natural disasters, and the realty service provider neglects his duty (such as failing to take preventive and early warning measures, making notification and early warning, and taking necessary dredging and backflow prevention measures), the realty service provider may be required to bear the responsibility.

　　11. Who should claim compensation for the broken trees and broken doors and windows in the rainstorm?

　　If the forest manager or owner is at fault, he may claim compensation from the forest manager or owner, who shall be liable for compensation according to the size of his fault; If the forest manager or owner proves that he is not at fault and it is caused by the weather, it is an exempted force majeure factor and cannot claim compensation.

　　Twelve, due to heavy rain caused by the contracted land disaster, how to relief?

　　If there are other parties’ faults in the contracted land, such as poor drainage due to the neighboring land, the relevant parties shall bear the tort liability. If the contracted land has purchased the corresponding agricultural insurance, it can claim compensation according to the insurance contract. If there is no insurance and no third-party infringement, the Beijing Municipal Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs issued the "Guiding Opinions on the Recovery of Production in Agriculture and Rural Areas in the City after the Disaster" on August 1, 2023, emphasizing the drainage of affected farmland, crop management, agricultural insurance claims, and the implementation of subsidies for benefiting farmers. Please wait for the guidance of the local government for post-disaster rehabilitation and post-disaster relief subsidies. In addition, if the rainstorm causes serious damage to the contracted land, an application can be made to adjust the contracted land according to Article 336 of the Civil Code of People’s Republic of China (PRC).

　　13. If the subcontracted land is affected by heavy rain, can you ask for the termination of the contract?

　　Unless it is otherwise agreed in the contract, the contract cannot be terminated unless the heavy rain causes serious damage to the subcontracted land. In agricultural production, the possibility of the contracted land being affected by extreme weather should be foreseen, and the subcontractor only has the obligation to deliver the subcontracted land, but not to ensure the contractor’s harvest.

　　14. In the process of dealing with the rainstorm disaster, the property service person does not act. As the owner, can the property service person be replaced?

　　It is the owner’s right to dismiss the property service provider according to law. If the property service provider fails to act in the process of dealing with the rainstorm disaster, such as untimely warning and inadequate drainage measures, the owner has the right to jointly decide to dismiss the property service provider according to Article 278 of the Civil Code of People’s Republic of China (PRC). In addition, if the inaction of the property service provider violates the contract and causes losses to the owner, the owner may also require the property service provider to bear corresponding responsibilities.

　　Fifteen, what are the relief paths for the damage of houses caused by heavy rains and floods?

　　1. Judge the cause of the house damage. Confirm whether the house damage is caused by building quality problems or force majeure natural disasters, and seek the relief path accordingly.

　　2. Rainstorm is a major natural disaster of legal force majeure. If there is no building quality problem in the house, you can apply to the government department for assistance for the loss of the house caused by the natural disaster. If the homeowner has insured the family property insurance, he can claim compensation from the insurance company.

　　3. If the house loss is caused by the construction quality problem or the third party’s responsibility, you can claim compensation from the developer, the constructor, the property service provider or the infringer.

　　Sixteen. What preparations are needed to claim relief after the house is damaged?

　　1. Collect evidence. No matter which route you take to claim, you need to collect enough evidence to prove the fact and extent of the house loss. For example, you can take photos or videos, save relevant documents or contracts, find witnesses or witnesses, and so on.

　　2. Assess the amount of loss. The original value of the house can be proved according to the purchase contract, construction agreement, etc., and the amount of loss of the house can be evaluated according to factors such as repair cost and service life. If necessary, you can ask a professional evaluation agency to make an evaluation.

　　3. Make a claim or relief request. It is necessary to put forward corresponding requirements according to different claim relief objects and methods. If you apply for assistance from a government department, you need to fill in the application form and submit relevant materials; If you are claiming compensation from an insurance company, you need to report the case and provide insurance policies and evidence; If you claim for compensation from other parties, you can send a lawyer’s letter or sue, and so on.

　　4. Maintain communication and consultation. In the process of claim, it is necessary to maintain communication and consultation with the other party and try to reach a reasonable and satisfactory result. If the other party refuses or delays compensation, it can be solved through litigation, and if it meets the conditions, it can seek legal aid.

　　17. What are the basis and principles for applying to the government for assistance after the house is damaged by the disaster?

　　The basis for applying for assistance is Articles 19 and 20 of China’s Regulations on Natural Disaster Relief. According to the above provisions, after the danger of natural disasters is eliminated, the people’s governments in the affected areas should make overall research and formulate plans and preferential policies for the restoration and reconstruction of residents’ houses, organize the reconstruction or repair of residents’ houses damaged by disasters, and give key assistance to families with real difficulties in restoration and reconstruction. The restoration and reconstruction of residents’ housing should be adapted to local conditions, economical and practical, and ensure that the quality of housing construction meets the requirements of disaster prevention and mitigation. The emergency management departments of the people’s governments in the disaster-stricken areas shall distribute subsidy funds and materials to the residents’ housing recovery and reconstruction subsidy objects confirmed by the audit, and the housing and urban-rural construction departments shall provide necessary technical support for the reconstruction or repair of residents’ housing damaged by the disaster. Residents’ housing restoration and reconstruction subsidies are applied by the affected persons themselves or nominated by villagers’ groups and residents’ groups. After democratic appraisal by villagers’ committees and residents’ committees, those who meet the conditions for assistance shall be publicized in natural villages and communities; If there is no objection or the democratic appraisal objection of villagers’ committees and residents’ committees is not established, the villagers’ committees and residents’ committees will submit the appraisal opinions and relevant materials to the township people’s government and the subdistrict office for examination and approval, and report them to the emergency management department of the people’s government at the county level for examination and approval.

　　Eighteen, how to apply for insurance claims after the house is damaged?

　　1. The key to housing damage insurance claims depends on whether you have purchased family property insurance, that is, family property insurance. Family property insurance covers a wide range, but generally it mainly protects the house, and at the same time it can also play a certain role in protecting the accessories such as decoration, furniture and household appliances in the house.

　　2. If an owner has purchased property insurance in advance, he shall promptly report the damaged house to the insurance company and apply for compensation. The insurance company will be liable for compensation according to the loss of the house, its attachments and decoration parts and the proportion of the insured amount to the insured value.

　　3. Family property insurance also has certain restrictions on the scope of compensation for indoor property, specifically according to the insurance contract. General housing main body and hard decoration are within the scope of compensation, but jewelry, currency, securities, tickets, stamps, antiques, animals and plants and other properties that cannot be proved and appraised are not within the scope of compensation.

　　4. When reporting an insurance case, you should provide necessary supporting materials. When making claims, insurance companies will generally ask for accident certificates, damaged photos, financial invoices, real estate licenses, ID cards, bank cards and other claims materials.

　　Nineteen, the flood destroyed the houses and homestead in a village, and the original four to unknown, can villagers build houses at will after the disaster? How is this law stipulated?

　　I can’t. The homestead belongs to the collective. According to Article 265 of the Civil Code of People’s Republic of China (PRC), the property owned by the collective is protected by law, and any organization or individual is forbidden to occupy, plunder, privately divide or destroy it. Article 364 of the Civil Code of People’s Republic of China (PRC) stipulates that if the homestead is lost due to natural disasters and other reasons, the right to use the homestead shall be extinguished. Villagers who have lost their homesteads shall be redistributed according to law.

　　20. Does the state compensate for the loss of land, houses and other property caused by flood discharge?

　　Give compensation. According to Article 9 of the Interim Measures for Compensation for the Use of Flood Storage and Detention Areas, if residents in flood storage areas suffer property losses due to flood discharge, the state will pay compensation for housing damage, crops, professional aquaculture and economic forest water damage to residents in flood storage and detention areas according to the loss.

　　21. How can residents in flood storage and detention areas get compensation for property losses?

　　According to the Interim Measures for Compensation for Flood Storage and Detention Areas issued by the State Council (the State Council Order [No.286]), only 70% of houses are compensated for damage caused by water, and 50% of household agricultural production machinery, draught animals and major household durable consumer goods are compensated for damage caused by water, and 40%-70% are compensated for losses caused by water below 2,000 yuan.

　　Now, the candidates and projects recommended by the evaluation committee for the highest science and technology award, natural science award, technological invention award, scientific and technological progress award and international science and technology cooperation award in Shandong Province in 2015 will be publicized to the public.
　　The candidates and projects for publicity were also publicized on the websites of Shandong Provincial People’s Government (http://www.shandong.gov.cn), Shandong Provincial Department of Science and Technology (http://www.sdstc.gov.cn) and Science and Technology Information on November 6, 2015.
　　According to the relevant regulations, if there is any objection to the proposed award candidates and projects publicized, it shall be submitted in writing within 30 days from the date of publicity to the office of Shandong Science and Technology Awards Committee (located in the Science and Technology Achievements Department of the Provincial Science and Technology Department, address: No.607 Shunhua Road, Jinan High-tech Zone, zip code: 250101).

　　Shandong Province Science and Technology Highest Award (2 persons)
Li Shucai
　　Li Shucai, male, born in December 1965, Laishui, Hebei Province, graduated from Shandong University of Science and Technology in 1987. In 1990, he received a master’s degree in geotechnical engineering from Shandong University of Science and Technology, and a doctoral degree in geotechnical engineering from Wuhan Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1996. He is currently the vice president, professor and doctoral supervisor of Shandong University. In 2006, he was supported by the National Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars, and in 2007, he was selected as a Changjiang Scholar distinguished professor. He has served as deputy director of the Key Laboratory of Geotechnical Mechanics of Chinese Academy of Sciences and vice president and dean of the School of Civil Engineering and Water Conservancy of Shandong University. He is also the vice chairman of the Chinese Society of Rock Mechanics and Engineering and the chairman of the Underground Engineering Branch of the Chinese Society of Rock Mechanics and Engineering. He is the chief scientist of the National 973 Program, the first batch of "Ten Thousand Talents Program" and the national outstanding scientific and technological workers.
　　Professor Li Shucai has been engaged in the research and development of geotechnical engineering for 25 years, and closely combined with the major needs of disaster prevention and mitigation of water inrush and mud outburst in infrastructure construction such as highways and railways, he has created key technologies such as advanced prediction of tunnel adverse geology, prediction, early warning and treatment of water inrush and mud outburst, which has made outstanding contributions to disaster prevention and mitigation in tunnel construction.
　　The theory, method and technology of advanced prediction of unfavorable geology such as tunnel water inrush and mud outburst disaster source were established, and the method and instrument for estimating the water content in front of the tunnel were invented, which realized the three-dimensional imaging of the disaster-causing structure and the estimation of static water storage in the range of about 40m in front of the tunnel. It was successfully applied to the tunnel construction by drilling and blasting method for more than 100 times, and was first carried on the TBM produced by our country. A four-stage comprehensive advanced prediction method and technology are established, which greatly improves the prediction accuracy. It solves the key problems of "undetectable, inaccurate and quantitative" in disaster source prediction.
　　The comprehensive prediction theory and early warning key technology of major water inrush and mud outburst disasters in tunnels are established, and the effective prevention and active regulation of dynamic disasters of water inrush and mud outburst are realized. The method and technology of water inrush and mud outburst disaster control are innovated, and the technical problem of high pressure and large flow dynamic water plugging is solved.
　　The achievements have been successfully applied in a series of national key and difficult projects, such as the high-risk karst tunnel group of Hubei Hurongxi Expressway, Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay subsea tunnel, Chenglan railway tunnel group, Three Gorges dam-turning expressway tunnel group, Hubei West Expressway tunnel group, Jiangxi Jilian Expressway Yonglian Tunnel, Nanjing Metro, Guangzhou Metro and Qingdao Metro, which have avoided the occurrence of major water inrush and mud outburst disasters and ensured the safety construction of the project.
　　Professor Li Shucai presided over more than 20 national science and technology projects, and enterprises and institutions entrusted more than 100 major projects. He won four second prizes for national scientific and technological progress (two first prizes, one second prize and one fourth prize respectively), four first prizes for provincial and ministerial scientific and technological progress (all first prizes), published more than 120 papers included in SCI/EI, published four monographs and authorized 25 invention patents (all first prizes). More than 50 doctoral and master students have been trained.
Chen Zijiang
　　Chen Zijiang, female, born in October 1959, Liuyang, Hunan, is a professor and doctoral supervisor of Shandong University. Graduated from Shandong Medical College in 1984 with a bachelor’s degree in medicine; In 1986, he obtained a master’s degree in obstetrics and gynecology from Shandong Medical College. In 1989, he received a doctoral degree in obstetrics and gynecology from Shandong Medical College. He is currently vice president of Shandong University, director of Qilu Medical Department, director of reproductive medicine research center, director of key laboratory of reproductive endocrinology and Ministry of Education, and director of national assisted reproduction and eugenics engineering technology research center. He is a famous obstetrician and gynecologist, the chief scientist of the National 973 Program, a leading figure in gynecology and endocrinology in China, and a winner of the National "May 1" Labor Medal and the the State Council Municipal Government Allowance. He is currently a core member of several important international academic organizations and enjoys a high international reputation.
　　It has established the only "National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive and Eugenics Engineering Technology" in the field of reproductive medicine in China, pioneered human intrauterine gamete transplantation (GIUT) and ultrasound minimally invasive treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and successively gave birth to the world’s first GIUT IVF and China’s first IVF IVF IVF. The success rate of its leading team’s assisted reproductive technology (ART) is 55%, which is at the world’s leading level. Through the close combination of assisted reproductive technology and the prevention and treatment of genetic diseases, we have independently developed and applied the preimplantation genetic diagnosis technology covering more than 100 genetic diseases, giving birth to the first healthy offspring of genetic carriers such as hereditary deafness and hepatolenticular degeneration in China, helping more than 1,000 families with a history of genetic diseases to have healthy children every year, making an important contribution to improving the quality of the population.
　　The study of genetic etiology of PCOS has solved the world problem. In-depth study of the etiology and pathology of PCOS and other diseases has found and identified a number of new genes related to the disease, providing new targets for early prevention and treatment of the disease. The results have been published in internationally renowned magazines such as Nature Genetics and American Human Genetics. Professor Strauss, a famous American gynecologist and academician, called it a "major milestone" in the history of PCOS genetics research.
　　Professor Chen Zijiang presided over 3 major national scientific research projects (973 projects), 1 "863" project, 1 special scientific research project of public health industry and 1 key project of National Natural Science Foundation. Won two second prizes for national scientific and technological progress (first and second respectively), one third prize for national invention (second place), one science and technology prize in ho leung ho lee foundation (first place) and one second prize in China Medical Science and Technology Award (first place); Won two first prizes for scientific and technological progress in Shandong Province (both first). Has trained more than 100 doctors, masters and 12 postdoctoral students; There is one excellent blogger in China and three outstanding talents in the new century from the Ministry of Education.
Shandong Natural Science Award
First prize (5 items)
　　1. Research on the theory and application of fractional calculus in abnormal transport process.
　　Completed by: Jiang Xiaoyun (Shandong University)
　　　　　　Wang Shaowei (Shandong University)
　　　　　　Qi Haitao (Shandong University)
　　　　　　Cui Mingrong (Shandong University)
　　2. Fluorescence sensing analysis of intracellular active molecules related to major diseases.
　　Completed by: Tang Bo (Shandong Normal University)
　　　　　　Li Ping (Shandong Normal University)
　　　　　　Li Na (Shandong Normal University)
　　　　　　Wang Xu (Shandong Normal University)
　　3. Basic research and sensing mechanism of paper chip microfluidic based on structural control and photoelectric properties.
　　Completed by: Yu Jinghua (Jinan University)
　　　　　　Ge Shenguang (Jinan University)
　　　　　　Yan Mei (Jinan University)
　　　　　　Huang Jiadong (Jinan University)
　　4. The new discovery and functional study of leprosy dermatosis gene.
　　Completed by: Zhang Furen (Shandong Institute of Dermatology and STD Prevention)
　　Liuhong (Shandong Institute of Dermatology and STD Prevention)
　　Fu Xi ‘an (Shandong Institute of Dermatology and STD Prevention)
　　Wang Chuan (Shandong Institute of Dermatology and STD Prevention)
　　Yang Qing (Shandong Institute of Dermatology and STD Prevention)
　　5. Study on the mining and regulation mechanism of plants’ genes responding to temperature and high salt stress.
　　Completed by Zheng Chengchao (Shandong Agricultural University)
　　　　　　Wu Chang ‘ai (Shandong Agricultural University)
　　　　　　Huang Jinguang (Shandong Agricultural University)
　　　　　　Yan Kang (Shandong Agricultural University)
　　　　　　Yang Guodong (Shandong Agricultural University)
Second prize (9 items)
　　1. Numerical methods of convection-diffusion equation and Stokes-Darcy coupling equation.
　　Completed by: Rui Hongxing (Shandong University)
　　　　　　Wang Kaixin (Shandong University)
　　　　　　Fu Hongfei (Shandong University)
　　　　　　Zhang Ran (Shandong University)
　　2. Dissipation, stability and control of stochastic nonlinear systems.
　　Completed by: Wu Zhaojing (Yantai University)
　　　　　　Cui Mingyue (Qufu Normal University)
　　3. Research on the application of quantum entanglement in quantum information and dynamic manipulation.
　　Completed by: Xia Yunjie (Qufu Normal University)
　　　　　　Man Zhongxiao (Qufu Normal University)
　　　　　　Zhang Yingjie (Qufu Normal University)
　　4. Study on surface wetting bionics and surface/interface mechanics of micro-nano structures.
　　Completed by: Liu Jianlin (China Shiyou University (East China))
　　　　　　Xiare (Wuhan University)
　　5. Structural characteristics and quantum scattering of small molecules
　　Completed by: Zheng Yujun (Shandong University)
　　　　　　Han Boran (Shandong University)
　　　　　　Ding Shiliang (Shandong University)
　　6. Study on the influence of material microstructure and electronic structure regulation on its physical properties.
　　Completed by: Huang Baibiao (Shandong University)
　　　　　　Dai Ying (Shandong University)
　　　　　　Wang Zeyan (Shandong University)
　　　　　　Zheng Zhaoke (Shandong University)
　　　　　　Cheng Hefeng (Shandong University)
　　7. A series of studies on the pathogenesis of immune thrombocytopenia.
　　Completed by: Hou Ming (Qilu Hospital of Shandong University)
　　　　　　Shi Yan (Qilu Hospital of Shandong University)
　　　　　　Peng Jun (Qilu Hospital of Shandong University)
　　　　　　Wang Lin (Qilu Hospital of Shandong University)
　　　　　　Liu Xinguang (Qilu Hospital of Shandong University)
　　8. Microbial monitoring in aquaculture environment and its infection effect and the occurrence, spread and infection mechanism of aerosol.
　　Completed by: Chai Tongjie (Shandong Agricultural University)
　　　　　　Wang Yaling (Shandong Agricultural University)
　　　　　　Li Xiaoxia (Shandong Agricultural University)
　　　　　　Duan Huiyong (Shandong Agricultural University)
　　　　　　Zhong Zhaobing (Shandong Agricultural University)
　　9. Diversity of Genus and Species of Asexual Myxomycetes
　　Completed by: Zhang Xiuguo (Shandong Agricultural University)
　　　　　　Ma Jian (Shandong Agricultural University)
　　　　　　Zhang Yidong (Shandong Agricultural University)
　　　　　　Zhang Kai (Shandong Agricultural University)
　　　　　　Ma Liguo (Shandong Agricultural University)
Shandong Technological Invention Award
First prize (4 items)
　　1. Multi-character compound breeding technology for various aquatic animals.
　　Completed by:
　　Kong Jie (Huanghai Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences)
　　Luan Sheng (Huanghai Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences)
　　Meng Xianhong (Huanghai Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences)
　　Wang Weiji (Huanghai Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences)
　　Luo Kun (Huanghai Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences)
　　Wang Qingyin (Huanghai Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences)
　　2. Key technologies and applications of heat-proof, wave-transparent and load-bearing integrated multifunctional materials.
　　Completed by:
　　Wang Chonghai (Sinoma High-tech Materials Co., Ltd.)
　　Wang Hongsheng (Sinoma High-tech Materials Co., Ltd.)
　　Wei Qihong (Sinoma High-tech Materials Co., Ltd.)
　　Li Ling (Sinoma High-tech Materials Co., Ltd.)
　　Liao Rong (Sinoma High-tech Materials Co., Ltd.)
　　Di Ping (Shandong Industrial Ceramics Research and Design Institute Co., Ltd.)
　　3. Analysis method and key control technology of deformation and failure of nonholonomic rock mass under complex conditions.
　　Completed by: Jiang Yujing (Shandong University of Science and Technology)
　　Wang Gang (Shandong University of Science and Technology)
　　Wang Qi (Shandong University)
　　Zhang Bo (Shandong University)
　　Li Fangdong (China Railway 14th Bureau Group Fifth Engineering Co., Ltd.)
　　Wu Xuezhen (Shandong University of Science and Technology)
　　4. Rapid pyrolysis of agricultural and forestry wastes in self-mixing downward circulating fluidized bed and high-value cascade utilization of products.
　　Completed by: Tian Yuanyu (Shandong University of Science and Technology)
　　Qiao Yingyun (Shandong University of Science and Technology)
　　Gaixikun (Shandong University of Science and Technology)
　　Qiao sheng (Beijing news technology co., ltd.)
　　Sun Mingguang (Shandong Innovation Humic Acid Technology Co., Ltd.)
　　Feng Guangxiang (Beijing Aojia Ecological Agriculture Co., Ltd.)
Second prize (7 items)
　　1. Development and application of small and medium-sized energy-saving refrigeration equipment and high-humidity frost-free cold storage.
　　Completed by: Rumeson (shandong institute of pomology)
　　　　　　Wang Shuzhen (shandong institute of pomology)
　　　　　　Yang Juanxia (shandong institute of pomology)
　　　　　　Yulanling (shandong institute of pomology)
　　　　　　Zhang Xuedan (shandong institute of pomology)
　　　　　　Sun Jiazheng (shandong institute of pomology)
　　2. Green preparation, separation and purification technology of chitosan oligosaccharide and oligosaccharide and its application.
　　Completed by: Li Pengcheng (Institute of Oceanography, China Academy of Sciences)
　　　　　　Xing Ronge (Institute of Oceanography, China Academy of Sciences)
　　　　　　Liu Song (Institute of Oceanography, China Academy of Sciences)
　　　　　　Li Kecheng (Institute of Oceanography, China Academy of Sciences)
　　　　　　Qin Yukun (Institute of Oceanography, China Academy of Sciences)
　　　　　　Yu Huahua (Institute of Oceanography, China Academy of Sciences)
　　3. Key technologies of mass storage system
　　Completed by:
　　Wang Endong (Inspur Electronic Information Industry Co., Ltd.)
　　Zhang Haitao (Inspur Electronic Information Industry Co., Ltd.)
　　Wenzhongling (Inspur Electronic Information Industry Co., Ltd.)
　　Li Ruidong (Inspur Electronic Information Industry Co., Ltd.)
　　Zhang Liqiang (Inspur Electronic Information Industry Co., Ltd.)
　　Ge Feng (Inspur Electronic Information Industry Co., Ltd.)
　　4. Development of MRC geo-steering system.
　　Completed by:
　　Yang Jinzhou (Drilling Technology Research Institute of Sinopec Shengli Petroleum Engineering Co., Ltd.)
　　Zhang Haihua (Drilling Technology Research Institute of Sinopec Shengli Petroleum Engineering Co., Ltd.)
　　Yang Quanjin (Drilling Technology Research Institute of Sinopec Shengli Petroleum Engineering Co., Ltd.)
　　Li Shan (Drilling Technology Research Institute of Sinopec Shengli Petroleum Engineering Co., Ltd.)
　　Xiao Hongbing (Drilling Technology Research Institute of Sinopec Shengli Petroleum Engineering Co., Ltd.)
　　Qinglong Liu (Drilling Technology Research Institute of Sinopec Shengli Petroleum Engineering Co., Ltd.)
　　5. Green design and manufacturing technology and application of refrigeration household appliances.
　　Completed by: Yin Fengfu (Technology R&D Center of Haier Group)
　　　　　　Liu Zhenyu (Haier Group Technology Research and Development Center)
　　　　　　Li Biao (Haier Group Technology Research and Development Center)
　　　　　　Li Yuxiang (Haier Group Technology Research and Development Center)
　　　　　　Li Hongtao (Haier Group Technology Research and Development Center)
　　　　　　Zhou Xiaodong (Haier Group Technology Research and Development Center)
　　6, heavy oil catalytic cracking to produce more propylene and high octane gasoline new technology
　　Completed by: Yang Chaohe (China Shiyou University (East China))
　　Li Chunyi (China Shiyou University (East China))
　　Zhang Qiang (China Shiyou University (East China))
　　Shan Honghong (China Shiyou University (East China))
　　Gao Chuancheng (Shandong Hengyuan Petrochemical Company Limited)
　　Chen Xiaobo (China Shiyou University (East China))
　　7. Large-area nano-imprint lithography technology, equipment and application
　　Completed by: Lan Hongbo (Qingdao University of Technology)
　　Liu Hongzhong (Xi ‘an Jiaotong University)
　　Jiang Weitao (Xi ‘an Jiaotong University)
　　Zhang Xiufang (Qingdao Jiaxing Jingdian Technology Co., Ltd.)
　　Li Xiaoyan (Qingdao Jiaxing Jingdian Technology Co., Ltd.)
Third prize (2 items)
　　1, the key technology of new anti-infectious diseases in veterinary medicine creation.
　　Completed by: Hao Zhihui (Qingdao Agricultural University)
　　Hu Songhua (Zhejiang University)
　　Mu Xiang (Beijing Agricultural College)
　　Zheng Jifang (Lanzhou Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, China Academy of Agricultural Sciences)
　　Li Dinggang (Baoding Jizhong Drug Co., Ltd.)
　　Xu Xiaoxi (Jiangxi Zhongcheng Chinese Medicine Raw Materials Co., Ltd.)
　　2. Development and industrialization of tirofiban hydrochloride and its series preparations.
　　Completed by:
　　Zhang Zeping (Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd)
　　Shiqide (Shandong New Age Drug Co., Ltd.)
　　Wang Haixin (Lunanbeite Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.)
　　Wang Zhaoqin (Lunanbeite Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.)
　　Yao Jingchun (Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd.)
　　Liu Bingguang (Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd.)
Shandong province science and technology progress award
First prize (19 items)
　　1. Breeding, popularization and application of a new wheat variety Yannong 5158 with high yield, wide adaptability and high quality.
　　Completed by: Yantai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Province.
　　Anhui new century agriculture co., ltd
　　Completed by: Wang Jiangchun, Zhang Shanyong, Liu Xueqing, Xin Qingguo, Yin Yan, Huang Daifeng, Chen Kang, Liu Weizheng, Sun Nina, Ding Xiaoyi, Ding Kai and Yan Meiling.
　　2. Breeding of new onion, ginger and garlic varieties and application of new technologies for safe and efficient production.
　　Completed by: Vegetable and Flower Research Institute of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences.
　　Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Institute of Vegetables and Flowers
　　Northwest A&F University
　　Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences
　　Nanjing Agricultural University
　　Completed by: Chen Yunqi, Wu Xiong, Cheng Zhihui, Li Xixiang, Cui Lianwei, Kong Suping, Liu Bingjiang, Gao Limin, Fang Yong, Huo Yumeng, Yang Yanyan, Liu Bo.
　　3. Research and application of disaster mechanism and reduction prevention and control technology of fruit tree moth.
　　Completed by Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences
　　Shandong Agricultural University
　　Qingdao agricultural university
　　shandong institute of pomology
　　China Agricultural University
　　Henan University of Science and Technology (HAUST)
　　Completed by: Yu Yi, Ren Fengshan, Li Lili, Du Fengpei, Li Dingxu, Xu Yongyu, Sun Ruihong, Men Xingyuan, Zheng Changying, Li Ruijun, Zhang Sicong and Zhang Ansheng.
　　4. Key technologies for efficient production of edible fungi from breeding wastes and comprehensive utilization of mushroom residues.
　　Completed by: Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences
　　Shandong Agricultural University
　　Shandong province agriculture technology popularizing station
　　Shandong Qihe Biotechnology Co., Ltd.
　　Shandong zuotianshi biology science and technology co., ltd
　　Completed by: Gong Zhiyuan, Wan Luchang, Pang Maowang, Han Jiandong, Ren Haixia, Yao Qiang, Gao Xia, Huang Chunyan, Ren Pengfei, Jia Le, Li Jin and Song Yisheng.
　　5. Research on key technologies and industrialization demonstration of high-quality and efficient production of beef cattle.
　　Completed by: Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Research Institute of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences.
　　Shandong Agricultural University
　　Shandong province animal husbandry station
　　Linyi huier animal nutrition co., ltd
　　Shandong Wudi Huaxing Bohai Heiniu Seed Industry Co., Ltd.
　　Completed by: Wan Fachun, Liu Guifen, Liu Xiaomu, Hu Hongjie, Tan Xiuwen, Jiang Shuzhen, Song Enliang, Cheng Haijian, Zhao Hongbo, You Wei, Shao Zhumin, Yang Zhangang.
　　6. Pathogenic research and prevention and control technology of four main virus diseases in poultry.
　　Completed by: Poultry Research Institute of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences
　　Shandong province animal epidemic disease prevention Yu control center
　　China Agricultural University
　　institute of microbiology, chinese academy of sciences
　　Ganyuanhao biology co., ltd
　　Completed by: Qin Zhuoming, Fu Tian Lin, Zhang Guozhong, Ai Wu, Xu Huaiying, Liu Wenjun, Wang Youling, Huang Bing, Qi Lihong, Liang Junwen, Yue Jianxin and Huang Dihai.
　　7. Technical system of marine monitoring buoy and its engineering application in national marine monitoring network.
　　Completed by: Institute of Marine Instrumentation, Shandong Academy of Sciences
　　Chinese Marine University
　　Completed by: Liu Shixuan, Wang Juncheng, Li Min, Fan Xiutao, Zhang Shuwei, Guo Fadong, Pei Liang, Chen Shizhe, Zhao Jinping, Wang Xiaoyan, Bu Zhaopeng and Qi Yong.
　　8. Application research and industrialization of high-performance optical fiber devices and sensor networks in oil and gas field.
　　Completed by: Laser Research Institute of Shandong Academy of Sciences.
　　CNOOC Donghai Xihu Oil and Gas Operation Company
　　China Petrochemical Shengli Oilfield Petroleum Engineering Technology Research Institute
　　Completed by: Wang Chang, Guo Shisheng, Sun Baoquan, Liu Xiaohui, Qi Haifeng, Sun Zhihui, Lu Jingsheng, Ni Jiasheng, Yang Ping, Li Shujuan, Song Zhiqiang and Shang Ying.
　　9, large belt conveyor system security key technology
　　Completed by Libo Heavy Industry Technology Co., Ltd.
　　Shandong University of Science and Technology
　　China Mining University
　　Taian yingdili electromechanical technology co., ltd
　　Completed by: Zhou Manshan, Zhang Yuan, Zhou Gongbo, Li Wei, Xiao Linjing, zhangxin, Han Rujun, Yu Tao, Meng Qingrui, Sun Hui, Sun Binwu and Zhang Hua.
　　10, coal mine safety comprehensive monitoring system based on optical fiber sensing network.
　　Completed by: Laser Research Institute of Shandong Academy of Sciences.
　　　　　　　Yankuang group co., ltd
　　　　　　　Shandong languang software co., ltd
　　　　　　　Yanzhou coal industry co., ltd
　　　　　　　Shandong weiguanggan electronics co., ltd
　　Completed by: Zhao Zengyu, Liu Tongyu, Gong Zhijie, Lu Xinming, Ma Junpeng, Song Guangdong, Xie Qiangzhen, Deng Xiaolin, Yan Qinyun, Hao Yingge, Zhao Yanjie and Zhao Lin.
　　11. R&D and industrialization of flame retardant automobile interior leather
　　Completed by: Yantai University
　　　　　　　Shandong quanjie leather institute co., ltd
　　Haining sende leather co., ltd
　　Completed by: Wang Quanjie, Duan Baorong, Tang Zhihai, Ding Haiyan, Zhang Mengmeng, Hou Lijie, Wang Yanqing and Liu Guilin.
　　12, efficient large-scale coal water slurry gasification technology
　　Completed by Yankuang Group Co., Ltd.
　　　　　　　East China University Of Science and Technology
　　Completed by: Zhang Minglin, Yu Guangsuo, Lu Wenxue, Liu Haifeng, King Kong, Zhou Zhijie, Jin Junjie, Dai Zhenghua, Zhu Qingrui, Wang Yifei, Guo Baogui, Wang Fuchen.
　　13. Data accumulation, regularity and shared service of marine environmental corrosion of materials
　　Completed by: Qingdao Institute of Marine Corrosion, Iron and Steel Research Institute.
　　University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB)
　　Qingdao gang Yan na ke detection protection technology co., ltd
　　Completed by: Li Xiaogang, Han Bing, Wu Junsheng, Yang Chaohui, Cheng Xuequn, Huang Guiqiao, Xiao Kui, Zhang Bo, Du Cuiwei, Dong Chaofang, Ding Guoqing, Jin Gao.
　　14. Development and industrialization of high-grade CNC super-large marine plate bending machine
　　Completed by: Taian Hualu Forging Machine Tool Co., Ltd.
　　Nanjing University of Science and Technology
　　Completed by: Liu Qingyin, Wu Kai, Qian Jianxin, Tian Yanxin, Wang Xiaojian, Chang Xin, Sun Yu, Liu Jingshuo, Cheng Guoren, Zhu Zongqiang and Fan Dianming.
　　15. Key technologies and industrialization of large-scale energy-saving and environment-friendly magnetic levitation centrifugal central air conditioning.
　　Completed by: Qingdao Haier Air Conditioning Electronics Co., Ltd.
　　University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
　　Completed by: Guo Defeng, Zhang Hua, Wang Li, Yang Baolin, Chea Chang, Shi Bin, Zhu Lianfu, Chen Xi, Wang Tiewei and Wang Xiyuan.
　　16, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) regulation of cholesterol metabolism mechanism and clinical application.
　　Completed by: Shandong Provincial Hospital
　　Completed by: Zhao Jiajun, Song Yongfeng, Xu Chao, Guan Qingbo, Zhang Haiqing, Zhang Bingchang, Yu Yong, Liu Jun, Tian Xingsong, Yu Chunxiao, Zhang Xu and Gao Ling.
　　17, non-small cell lung cancer diagnosis and treatment of key technologies and clinical application.
　　Completed by: Second Hospital of Shandong University
　　Completed by: Zhao Xiaogang, Du Jiajun, Dong Xiaopeng, Zhai Guangxi, Dong Wei, Wang Guanghui, Peng Chuanliang, Cong Bo and Sun Qifeng.
　　18, early detection and reasonable evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine hepatotoxicity technology platform construction and its scientific application.
　　Completed by: Shandong Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine
　　China Pharmaceutical University
　　Shandong university of traditional Chinese medicine
　　Peking University
　　Completed by: Sun Rong, Zhang Luyong, Zhang Chengbo, Zhang Qingying, Lu Lili, Jiang Zhenzhou, Li Xiaoyu, Mao Jinlong, Li Xiaoyao, Zhang Limei, Huang Wei, Zou Jingwei.
　　19, proton pump inhibitor drug new preparation system construction and broaden the clinical indications and scale industrialization.
　　Completed by: Shandong Luoxin Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd.
　　Shandong yuxin drug co., ltd
　　Shandong hengxin drug co., ltd
　　Completed by: Li Xiaofeng, Wang Jun, Guo Zhongming, Wang Lianhui, Yang Lijuan, Liu Meijuan, Feng Changyun, Zhang Xianzhen, Yang Leixiang, Zhang Mingfa, Zhao Jinlong and Li Zhen.
Second prize (55 items)
　　1. Breeding of Jigu series varieties and light, simple and efficient cultivation techniques.
　　Completed by: Crop Research Institute of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences
　　Completed by: Guan Yan ‘an, Yang Yanbing, Qinling, Zhang Huawen, Wang Hailian, Chen Erying, Du Jinzhe, Liu Bin and Chen Guiling.
　　2. Collection, preservation and development of drought-resistant and salt-tolerant crop germplasm resources in Shandong coastal areas.
　　Completed by Shandong Agricultural Germplasm Resource Center.
　　Completed by: Ding Hanfeng, Zhang Xiaodong, Yu Hua, Kong Weiguo, Li Nana, Li Runfang, Zhang Yu, Wang Junfeng and Dong Wang.
　　3. Research and application of key technologies for intensive and efficient seedling raising of vegetables.
　　Completed by: Shandong Agricultural University
　　　　　　　Shandong Anxin seedling co., ltd
　　　　　　　Shandong shangdao biology science and technology co., ltd
　　　　　　　Shandong province agriculture technology popularizing station
　　　　　　　Zhejiang boren industry & trade co., ltd
　　　　　　　Weifang runpeng seedling co., ltd
　　Completed by: Wei Min, Gao Zhongqiang, Feng Xihong, Han Jishu, Yang Fengjuan, You Kuangbiao, Wu Jinjuan, Xia Xueyi and Hao Guofang.
　　4. Breeding of new blueberry varieties with high irrigation and efficient cultivation techniques.
　　Completed by: shandong institute of pomology
　　Completed by: Liu Qingzhong, Wei Hairong, Zhao Hongjun, Xin Chen, Wang Jiawei, Zong Xiaojuan, Wang Jianghui, Zhang Daohui, Tan Yue.
　　5. Research and application of the evolution law of dominant cotton regions and high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation techniques in Shandong Province.
　　Completed by: Shandong Cotton Production Technical Guidance Station
　　Heze Jin Zhengda ecology engineering co., ltd
　　Shandong cotton research center
　　Completed by: Zhao Hongliang, Yu Qianlin, Li Yuepeng, Luo Zhen, Sun Weiqi, Xu Qinqing, Sun Xuezhen, Zhang Shaohong and Wang Yan.
　　6. Research and application of disaster mechanism of root maggots of leek and garlic and key technologies of green prevention and control.
　　Completed by: Shandong Agricultural University
　　Weifang vocational college
　　Taian agricultural science study institute
　　Jining agricultural science study institute
　　Completed by: Xue Ming, Mu Wei, Liu Feng, Ma Jingyu, Wang Chengxiang, Ma Chong, Zhou Xianhong, Liu Jianping and Xu Jiali.
　　7. Innovation and industrialization of key technologies for safe and efficient feed for pigs and poultry.
　　Completed by: Shandong New Hope Liuhe Group Co., Ltd.
　　Agriculture Department Feed Quality Supervision and Inspection Testing Center (Ji ‘nan)
　　Completed by: Lv Mingbin, Li Xiangming, Guo Jiyuan, Yan Lei, Wang Yongxiu, Li Dianchang, Huang He, Sui Li, Lu Zunzhou.
　　8. Research and application of key technologies of amino acid balance in dairy cows’ diets.
　　Completed by: Shandong Agricultural University
　　Completed by: Lin Xueyan, Wang Zhonghua, Hou Qiuling, Yan Zhengui, Hu Zhiyong, Wang Yun and Shi Kerong.
　　9. Screening of natural drugs against bacterial resistance and research and development of products
　　Completed by Shandong Veterinary Medicine Quality Inspection Institute.
　　Shandong huaerkang veterinary medicine co., ltd
　　Completed by: Gao Yingchun, Zhang Chuanjin, Wei Xiuli, Yang Xiu Town, Su Mei, He Xinli, Wang Tinghong, Feng Tao, Lu Qingquan.
　　10, Platycladus orientalis germplasm resources evaluation, seed selection and cultivation techniques
　　Completed by: Shandong Agricultural University
　　Pingyin county forestry bureau
　　Zaozhuang forestry bureau
　　Zibo Forestry Bureau
　　Taian Taishan forestry science study institute
　　Completed by: Xing Shiyan, Wang Yushan, Liu Weifeng, Lu Benrong, Zhu Wei, Li Jihong, Sang Yalin, Sun Zhongxu and Liu Zhaoquan.
　　11. Construction and application of environmental safety assessment and monitoring system for shellfish culture in key sea areas of Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea.
　　Completed by: Shandong Institute of Marine Resources and Environment
　　First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration
　　Shandong province fishery technology popularizing station
　　Shandong province marine biology research institute
　　Completed by: Zhang Limin, Ma Jianxin, Xia Tao, Song Xiukai, Li Lujing, Sun Fuxin, Ma Yuanqing, Xu Yingjiang, Liu Aiying.
　　12, Stichopus japonicus ecological seed cultivation and healthy breeding technology establishment and application.
　　Completed by: Shandong Institute of Marine Biology
　　Huanghai Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences
　　Shandong haodangjia ocean development co., ltd
　　Shandong Anyuan aquatic products co., ltd
　　Dongying haiyue aquatic products technology co., ltd
　　Shandong haiyibao aquatic products co., ltd
　　Yantai haiyi seedling industry co., ltd
　　Completed by: Li Chenglin, Hu Wei, Chen Siqing, Sun Yongjun, Zhao Bin, Changqing, Zou Ange, Han Sha, Wang Liang.
　　13, jack-up platform structure safety technology research and development and application.
　　Completed by: China Shiyou University (East China)
　　Sinopec Shengli Petroleum Engineering Co., Ltd. Drilling Technology Research Institute
　　Completed by: Cao Yuguang, Zhang Shihua, Fan Dunqiu, Huang Xiaoguang, Meng Zhanbin, Shi Yongjin, Sun Yongtai, Sun Xiaoyu and Tian Haiqing.
　　14. R&D and application of new technologies for hydraulic gates and opening and closing systems
　　Completed by: Shandong Water Conservancy Survey and Design Institute
　　Zhongshui North Survey Design Research Co., Ltd.
　　Shanghai survey design & research institute co., ltd
　　Completed by: Du Peiwen, Zhu Fengshan, Zheng Xianghui, Jia Yongming, Zhang Zhengwei, Xu Zhigang, Fan Zhiguo, Cheng Guodong and Zhu Lin.
　　15. Research and application of key technologies for large-scale development of low-grade resources in gold mines.
　　Completed by: Sanshandao Gold Mine of Shandong Gold Mining (Laizhou) Co., Ltd.
　　China Mining University
　　Completed by: Hua Haiyang, Cao Yijun, Wang Baosheng, Xie Minxiong, Zhang Haijun, Qu Gangmin, Ma Zilong, Li Tao and Lu Xintao.
　　16, ilmenite chemical composition standard material development
　　Completed by: Shandong Institute of Geological Sciences
　　Completed by: Hong Fei, Yu Xuefeng, zhaowei, Wang Qing, Mao Meiqiao, Zhang Hall, Cheng Xuehai, Yuan Jiayi, Lv Zhensheng.
　　17, universal collaborative geographic information public service key technologies and platform applications.
　　Completed by: Shandong Institute of Land Surveying and Mapping
　　Wuhan University
　　Beijing Siweitu New Technology Co., Ltd.
　　Completed by Xiang Hengmao, Kong Zhaohui, Wang Yandong, Mao Jijun, Zhang Wei, Sun Jiuhu, Wang Feng, Zhong Jia, Han Haifeng.
　　18, Yanzhou mining area Ordovician limestone high confined water coal seam safety mining key technology research and application.
　　Completed by: Yanzhou Coal Industry Co., Ltd.
　　China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing)
　　China Mining University
　　Completed by: Cao Dingtao, Wu Qiang, Jiang Zhenquan, Zhu Shuyun, Guan Yunzhang, Liu Ruixin, Hu Dongxiang, Zuo Jinzhong and Xu Yi.
　　19, gravel reservoir seismic description technology and supporting application.
　　Completed by: Geophysical Research Institute of Shengli Oilfield Branch of China Petrochemical Company.
　　Completed by: han hongwei, Yu Zhengjun, Lu Shenqiang, Kong Shengwu, Li Jiguang, Miao Yongkang, Zhu Yingke, Pan Xingxiang, Xia Jizhuang.
　　20. Key technologies of seismic sedimentology and their large-scale application in oil and gas reservoir exploration and development.
　　Completed by: China Shiyou University (East China)
　　China Petrochemical Company Shengli Oilfield Branch Geophysical Research Institute
　　China Petrochemical Company Shengli Oilfield Branch Xianhe Oil Production Plant
　　Completed by: Lin Chengyan, Zhang Xianguo, Dong Chunmei, Ren Lihua, Wang Yanguang, Zhang Junhua, Jiao Hongyan, Song Weiqi and Zhang Tao.
　　21, citric acid efficient biological manufacturing technology development and industrialization
　　Completed by Weifang Yingxuan Industrial Co., Ltd.
　　Shandong province food fermentation industry research and design institute
　　Institute of Biology, Shandong Academy of Sciences
　　Completed by: Liu Jianjun, Li Shiyong, Ma Yaohong, Zhang Chuanhui, Li Qiushun, Zhao Xiangying, Li Jian, Ma Qinyuan, Qiao Jun.
　　22. Research and application of detection technology for chemical additives and drug residues in food.
　　Completed by: Shandong Institute of Food and Drug Inspection
　　Completed by: Jonathan Zhu, Alvin Wong, Shi Guosheng, Liu Yanming, Shi Feng, Zhang Xiqi, Zhang Hui, Hu Mei and Shen Zhonglan.
　　23. Key technologies and industrialization of high-efficiency self-cleaning functional cotton fabrics.
　　Completed by Lutai Textile Co., Ltd.
　　Jiangnan University/ Southern Yangtze University
　　Shandong university of technology
　　Completed by: Zhang Jianxiang, Jiang Xue, Huang Dan, Liu Zibin, Du Jinmei, Ni Aihong, Wang Hongbo, Wang Weiwei and Cai Haijuan.
　　24. Screening of marine microalgae with high DHA production and demonstration project of cleaner production
　　Completed by: Qingdao Langyatai Group Co., Ltd.
　　qingdao institute of biomass energy and bioprocess technology, chinese academy of sciences
　　Completed by: Cui Qiu, Li Yueming, Song Xiaojin, Xu Jianchun, Li Xia, Feng Yingang, Xia Xiuluan, Tan Yanzhen and Gao Mang.
　　25, based on biomass nutrients and biological sterilization disease-resistant and efficient urea production system construction and industrialization.
　　Completed by: Shandong Runyin Biochemical Co., Ltd.
　　China Academy of Agricultural Sciences Institute of Agricultural Resources and Agricultural Regionalization
　　Shandong enbao biology science and technology co., ltd
　　Completed by: Meng Guangyin, Lin Jiong, He Shuwen, Zhang Chengsheng, Wang Zhiyong, Li Qiang, Chen Zhenwei, Yuan Liang and Zhang Shoufu.
　　26. Construction and industrialization of a new preparation system of cefoxitin sodium based on key technologies and pharmaceutical preparations.
　　Completed by: Shandong Hengxin Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
　　Shandong yuxin drug co., ltd
　　Shandong luoxin pharmaceutical group co., ltd
　　Completed by: Chen Yu, Song Liangwei, Wang Ping, Song Lili, Li Fan, Ruan Chaobin, Liu Yanzhen, He Yaguan and Chai Qian.
　　27. Construction and industrialization of new preparation system of environmental protection and energy-saving glass fiber based on boron-free and fluorine-free
　　Completed by Taishan Glass Fiber Co., Ltd.
　　Completed by: Tang Zhiyao, Li Yongyan, Zhang Degang, Liu Honggang, Yang Hao, Wang Jiafang, Ming Licheng, Xu Yanchao and Liu Lifeng.
　　28, silicon carbide composite ceramic material preparation technology and application
　　Completed by Shandong Baona New Materials Co., Ltd.
　　Shandong University
　　Completed by: Zhang Yujun, Zhaomin Li, Zhai Yanxia, Li Wenjie, Sun Haibin, Li Qisong, Liu Huan, Song Jianfeng.
　　29. Development and application of complete sets of technologies for treating sour gas containing sulfur in refining and chemical industry.
　　Completed by Qilu Branch of China Petrochemical Co., Ltd.
　　Shandong Qilu keli chemical industry research institute co., ltd
　　Completed by: Da Jianwen, Liu Aihua, Xu Xingzhong, Liu Jianli, Tao Weidong, Xu Jinshan, Wang Jianhua, Gao Buliang and Liang Yingjie.
　　30. Construction, development and application of new process system based on deep extraction of complex gold and silver concentrate and green industrialization.
　　Completed by: Jinjiling Gold Mine of Zhaojin Mining Co., Ltd.
　　Completed by: Li Xueqiang, Xu Zhongmin, Weng Zhanping, Gao Lifa, Shen Shubao, Liu Zhixin, Cheng Tai, Yang Guangjie and Guo Hongzhu.
　　31, near net shape beam blank continuous casting process technology integration and innovation
　　Completed by Laiwu Iron and Steel Group Co., Ltd.
　　Completed by: Li Hongjian, Wu Guangjun, Wang Zhongxue, Guo Weida, Zhang Jie, Lu Bo, Ning Wei, Feng Qichao and Zhang Haibo.
　　32. Development and application of high-efficiency switched reluctance motor drive system
　　Completed by Shandong Kehui Electric Power Automation Co., Ltd.
　　Shandong university of technology
　　Shandong rifa textile machinery co., ltd
　　Completed by: Xiong Lixin, Jia Mingquan, Bian Dunxin, Zhao Tingting, Sun Qingjun, Xu Bingyin, Zhang Mingkui, Wang Qinchang and Cheng Jianjun.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　
　　33, electric vehicle charging and replacing facilities efficiency improvement and operation technology research and application.
　　Completed by: State Grid Shandong Electric Power Company
　　Shandong Electric Power Research Institute
　　Shandong luneng intelligent technology co., ltd
　　Completed by: Cai Guangdao, Gao Yuming, Li Jianxiang, Zhang Jian, Justin, Zhang Huadong, Guo Liang, Song Haifeng and Liu Haibo.
　　34, insulator string detection robot
　　Completed by: State Grid Shandong Electric Power Company
　　State Grid Shandong Electric Power Company Electric Power Science Research Institute
　　Shandong luneng intelligent technology co., ltd
　　Completed by: Kuoray, Han Lei, Yong Jun, Wang Chuanqing, Ren Jie, Sun Yutian, Shen Qinghe, Zhang Feng and Cao Lei.
　　35, including large-scale wind power grid generation scheduling mode and key technology research and application.
　　Completed by: Shandong Electric Power Dispatching and Control Center
　　Tsinghua University
　　Beijing Qing da ke yue technology co., ltd
　　Completed by: Qiu Xizhao, Zhong Haiwang, Xia Qing, Yang Minghui, Zhang Jian, Zhang Guoqiang, Guo Shaoqing, Yuan Sen and Cheng Yan.
　　36, underground engineering through water-rich soft stratum major disaster control technology.
　　Completed by: Shandong University
　　China railway 19 th bureau group 5 th engineering co., ltd
　　Shaanxi Luqiao group first engineering co., ltd
　　Ji’ nan liwen geotechnical engineering co., ltd
　　Completed by: Zhang Qingsong, Liu Rentai, Zhang Xiao, Lin Chunjin, Wang Chaochao, Yang Weimin, Li Liping, Fan Yanxiang, Hu Wei.
　　37, urban water supply system monitoring and early warning of sudden pollution and emergency treatment technology research and application.
　　Completed by: Jinan Water Supply and Drainage Monitoring Center
　　Tsinghua University
　　Ji’ nan Qingyuan water group co., ltd
　　Ji’ nan quancheng water co., ltd
　　Shenzhen qingshijie technology co., ltd
　　Hangzhou lvjie water technology co., ltd
　　Shandong Shanda huate technology co., ltd
　　Completed by: Jia Ruibao, Zhang Xiaojian, Sun Shaohua, Chen Chao, Pan Zhangbin, Ma Zhongyu, Song Wuchang, Liu Minghui and Cui Pengwei.
　　38. Innovative technology and engineering application of point-supported glass curtain wall and lighting roof
　　Completed by: Tianyuan Construction Group Co., Ltd.
　　Tsinghua University
　　Harbin Institute of Technology
　　China construction science research institute
　　Shandong University of Science and Technology
　　China Wuzhou Engineering Design Group Co., Ltd.
　　Shenzhen mainuo curtain wall technology co., ltd
　　Completed by: Liu Jun, Wang Yuanqing, Wu Yue, Liu Jian, Shi Yongjin, Wang Lai, An Baiping, Ding Dayi, Liao Dongfan.
　　39. Research, development and application of laying and discharging technology and deep-water laying and discharging equipment in severe working conditions of Yangtze River deepwater channel regulation project.
　　Completed by: No.2 Engineering Co., Ltd. of China Communications No.1 Navigation Bureau.
　　Completed by: Liu Dejin, Qu Lili, Feng Haibao, Xu Shanzhong, Ma Zongtian, Yang Ruiliang, Sun Liang, Fu Dawei, Zhang Qingwen.
　　40, the Yellow River Delta asphalt pavement water damage fluid-solid coupling mechanism, damage assessment method and prevention technology.
　　Completed by: Shandong Binzhou Highway Engineering Corporation
　　Shandong University
　　Highway Science Research Institute of Ministry of Transport
　　Completed by Cui Xinzhuang, Wang Tao, Qi Chunguang, An Zhicun, Guan Yanhua, Chang Chengli, Ding Guanxu, Liu Yanbing, Zhang Jiong.
　　41, high concentration organic wastewater catalytic wet oxidation treatment technology
　　Completed by: Wanhua Chemical Group Co., Ltd.
　　Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
　　Completed by: Sun Chenglin, Hua Weiqi, Wei Huangqi, Zhang Hongke, He Songbo, Yu Tianyong, Liu Xiaogao, Hu Zhan and zhaonan.
　　42, functional imaging and molecular targeted guided precise radiotherapy of chest tumor.
　　Completed by: Shandong Institute of Cancer Prevention and Treatment.
　　Completed by: Yuan Shuanghu, Jiang Xiaodong, Xia Bing, Hu Xudong, Li Minghuan, Liu Ning, Yu Qingxi, zhaowei and Zhou Bo.
　　43. Neuroinflammatory mechanism of Alzheimer’s disease and new targets of drug intervention.
　　Completed by: Qingdao Municipal Hospital
　　Completed by: Tan Lan, Yu Jintai, Wang Ping, Tan Mengshan, Miao Dan and Zhang Qun.
　　44, the basic and clinical application of chronic liver disease related to hepatitis B virus.
　　Completed by: No.88 Hospital of PLA
　　Liberation Army No.302 Hospital
　　Peking University Health Science Center
　　Completed by: Shang Qinghua, Wang Yongqing, Zhang Zheng, Liu Xueen, Zhang Wei, Jin Lei, Zhuang Hui, Yu Jianguo and Zhang Guangshu.
　　45. Individualized carotid endarterectomy and its perioperative complications prevention strategies.
　　Completed by: Liaocheng People’s Hospital
　　xuanwu hospital capital medical university
　　Tang Dou Hospital of the Fourth Military Medical University of Chinese People’s Liberation Army
　　Completed by: Wang Jiyue, Zhang Liyong, Lin Kai, Hao Jiheng, Jiao Liqun, Chen Yanfei, Ling Feng, Zhao Zhenwei, Deng Jianping.
　　46, the establishment and application of key technology of minimally invasive surgical closure of structural heart disease.
　　Completed by: Shandong Provincial Hospital
　　Completed by: Li Hongxin, Zhang Haizhou, Guo Wenbin, Liang Fei, Zou Chengwei, Yuan Guidao, Wang Zhengjun and Zhang Wenlong.
　　47. Dynamic study and application of laryngeal function preservation and reconstruction and oncogene serology in laryngeal cancer
　　Completed by: Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital
　　Completed by: Song Xicheng, Zhang Hua, Yan Sun, Wang Li, Liu Zhonglu and Rebecca.
　　48. Evaluation technology and application of cardiovascular activity of traditional Chinese medicine based on zebrafish model
　　Completed by: Institute of Biology, Shandong Academy of Sciences
　　kunming institute of botany, chinese academy of sciences
　　Shandong University
　　Shandong wohua medical technology co., ltd
　　Shenyang Pharmaceutical university
　　Completed by: Liu Kechun, He Qiuxia, Han Liwen, Peng Weibing, Li Xiaoli, Chen Xiqiang, Zang Hengchang, Zeng Yingzi and Yang Yongping.
　　49. Etiological equivalent analysis and clinical application of pulmonary diseases
　　Setting: Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.
　　Completed by: Zhang Wei, Zhu Xue, Chen Xianhai, Jia Xinhua, Zhang Xinyue, Zhang Cai Qing, Ding Meng, Tian Xue and Zhang Yang.
　　50. New preparation system and industrialization of salbutamol sulfate aerosol based on tetrafluoroethane replacing Freon.
　　Completed by Shandong Jingwei Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
　　Shanghai Food and Drug Inspection Office
　　Shanghai huarui aerosol co., ltd
　　Completed by: Li Tiejun, Yu Yuntao, Zhang Zhichao, Chen Guiliang, Zhang Yan and Wang Zhenyong.
　　51, L- arginine clean production process research and development
　　Completed by Shandong Fufeng Fermentation Co., Ltd.
　　Shandong University
　　Qilu university of technology
　　Shandong fufeng biotechnology development co., ltd
　　Completed by: Liu Xinli, Hu Wei, Li Deheng, Zhao Lin, Feng Zhenquan, Tang Yongqiang, Li Shubiao, Zhao Lankun and Liu Yuantao.
　　52, transgenic corn environmental safety monitoring technology and application
　　Completed by Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences
　　Completed by: Lu Xingbo, Sun Hongwei, Fan Li, Yang Shuke, Yue Aidong, Xu Xiaohui, Gao Rui, Yuan Lei and Feng Liping.
　　53. Research and application of rapid detection technology of pesticide residues in vegetables based on biosensor.
　　Completed by: Shandong University of Technology
　　Zibo vegetables office
　　Beijing Qiangsheng Minghe Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd.
　　Shandong anbo instrument co., ltd
　　Completed by: Sun Xia, Guo Yemin, Wang Xiangyou, Xu Jianguang, Zhao Wenping, Wang Shujun, Ding Yan, Liu Shanfei and Qi Bin.
　　54. Technological innovation system of brown algae bio-industry
　　Completed by: Qingdao Mingyue Seaweed Group Co., Ltd.
　　55, drug research and development technology innovation platform (enterprise technology innovation)
　　Completed by Disha Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd.
Third prize (36 items)
　　1. Breeding of disease-resistant and storable tomato varieties and innovation and application of high-efficiency cultivation techniques.
　　Completed by Shouguang New Century Seedling Co., Ltd.
　　Northeast agricultural university
　　Shandong province vegetables cultivation engineering technology research center
　　Completed by: Hu Yongjun, Xu Xiangyang, Sang Yizhen, Jiang Jingbin, Tian Subo, Zhang Yunming.
　　2. Breeding of new peach varieties with high quality and integration of key cultivation techniques.
　　Completed by Weifang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Province
　　Completed by: Lin Yundi, Wei Yongyang, Zhao Qingzhu, Han Xia, Zhang Dongqi, Gao Jing
　　3. Development and application of key technology of new degradable coated controlled release fertilizer.
　　Completed by: Jin Zhengda Ecological Engineering Group Co., Ltd.
　　Dezhou Jin Zhengda ecology engineering co., ltd
　　Jin Zhengda Notaire chemistry co., ltd
　　Completed by: Zhang Qiang, Wang Huaili, Liu Wenlong, Dong Yan, Li Jiguo and Hu Bin.
　　4. Research and application of pathogen identification and integrated prevention and control technology of peanut diseases in Shandong.
　　Completed by Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences
　　Shandong peanut institute
　　Fujian Kaili biology products co., ltd
　　Taian agricultural science study institute
　　Yantai agriculture technology popularizing center
　　Completed by: Li Changsong, Chi Yucheng, Zhang Yueli, Jaco, Xu Manlin and Liu Tingli.
　　5. Research and application of rubber recycled concrete to improve the durability of small and medium-sized hydraulic structures.
　　Completed by: Shandong Institute of Water Conservancy.
　　Shandong jiaotong university
　　Beijing University of Technology
　　Completed by: Wang Keliang, Cheng Suzhen, Li Yue, Xu Shangjie, Liu Ling, Hu Tingzheng.
　　6. Development and industrialization of high-speed PON optical module technology
　　Completed by: Qingdao Hisense Broadband Multimedia Technology Co., Ltd.
　　Completed by: Zhang Hua, Zhao Qisheng, Wu Xigui, Yang Sigeng, Zhang Qiang and Xue Dengshan.
　　7. Development and application of multifunctional experimental equipment for engineering mechanics.
　　Completed by: Yantai University
　　Zhejiang University
　　Completed by Qu Shuying, Wu Jianglong, Lu Yang, Chen Yibao, Lian Jingzhou, Hou Xingmin.
　　Post-peak strength evolution law of surrounding rock in 8,000-meter deep mine roadway and its control key technology
　　Completed by Yuncheng Coal Mine, Shandong Province
　　China Mining University
　　Completed by: Wen Quan, Hu Chuanting, Wang Yingchao, Zhang Shidong, Jing Hongwen, Yue Lei.
　　9. Development and application of dynamic monitoring and risk analysis technology for rockburst disaster in deep wells.
　　Completed by: China Mining Gold Industry Co., Ltd.
　　University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB)
　　Beijing Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgy
　　Completed by: Li Jianbo, Ji Hongguang, Yang Xiaocong, Lu Mingfu, Song Hongyu and Hu Shouquan.
　　10. Key technologies, system integration and application of comprehensive monitoring of ecology and human settlements in the Yellow River Delta.
　　Completed by: Jinan University
　　institute of geographic sciences and natural resources research,cas
　　Shandong Normal University
　　Completed by: Liu Gaohuan, Xu Zhenghe, Liu Qingsheng, Huang Fei, Chang Jun, Song Chuangye.
　　11, low permeability sandstone reservoir protection drilling and completion fluid technology
　　Completed by: Drilling Technology Research Institute of Sinopec Shengli Petroleum Engineering Co., Ltd.
　　Completed by: Tang Zhijun, Li Gongrang, Zhang Jinghui, Lan Qiang, Li Haibin and Yang Jingli.
　　12, permanent magnet synchronous inverter compressor adaptive control key technology research and industrialization.
　　Completed by Hisense (Shandong) Air Conditioning Co., Ltd.
　　Completed by: Zhang Yongliang, Yin Development, Zhao Keke, Li Benwei, Yin Xianxin and Wang Zongliang.
　　13, color corrugated cardboard key technology and production application.
　　Completed by: Shandong Century Sunshine Paper Group Co., Ltd.
　　Changle xinmai paper industry co., ltd
　　Completed by: Sheng Yongzhong, Wang Dongxing, Ci Xiaolei, Zhao Changzheng, Zhi Weixin and Zhang Zengguo.
　　14, instant rice development and industrialization technology development.
　　Completed by: Rizhao Juxian Jinsui Industry and Trade Co., Ltd.
　　Shandong academy of agricultural sciences agriculture products institute
　　Completed by: Liu Runshu, Tao Haiteng, Zong Aizhen, Dong Shuangjun, Qiu Jiying and Liu Guangyuan.
　　15. Key technologies and equipment for clean production of xylitol from corncob.
　　Completed by: Shandong Futian Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
　　Beijing University of Chemical Technology
　　Completed by: Yuan Qipeng, Sun Lu, Wang Xingyun, Wang Wenya, Li Shuangxi and Wang Chengfu.
　　16, peanut functional factor preparation technology research and development and application.
　　Completed by: Institute of Agricultural Products, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences
　　Shandong Gaotang Lanshan Group Corporation
　　Shandong longda vegetable oil co., ltd
　　Shandong jinsheng grain and edible oil group co., ltd
　　Completed by: Xu Tongcheng, Liu Lina, Qiu Bin, Han Wei, Wang Wenliang and Liu Wei.
　　17, neonicotinoid insecticide nitenpyram technical and environmental friendly preparation of key technology development.
　　Completed by: Hailier Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd.
　　Qingdao university of science and technology
　　Completed by: Han Xianzheng, Wang Guangjian, Ge Yaolun, Yan Xiuwei, Chen Long Li and Wang Xu.
　　18, electronic grade solid amino trimethylene phosphonic acid preparation process.
　　Completed by Shandong Taihe Water Treatment Co., Ltd.
　　Completed by: Cheng Zhongfa, Qi Xiaojing, Wan Zhentao, Wang Yanping, Zhang Wujin, Liu Quanhua.
　　19. Development of high-purity TFT monomer liquid crystal material (nmC)
　　Completed by: Yantai Wanrun Fine Chemical Co., Ltd.
　　Completed by: Jiang Xuesong, Fu Shaobang, Yi Zhaohui, Li Yonggang, Li Peng, Li Ning.
　　20. R&D and industrialization of trifluoropropene and its series of high-performance fluorosilicone materials
　　Completed by Weihai Xinyuan Chemical Co., Ltd.
　　Shandong University
　　Jinan university
　　Completed by: Xie Lefu, Zhang Yiying, Feng Shengyu, Zhang Shuxiang, Zhang Diansong, Lv Jian.
　　21, pharmaceutical glass molding bottle key technology application research and industrial development.
　　Completed by Shandong Medical Glass Co., Ltd.
　　Completed by: Hu Yonggang, Zhang Jun, Su Yucai, Chen Gang, Wang Yuwei.
　　22, high performance perfluoroethylene propylene resin new technology research and development and industrialization
　　Completed by Shandong Huaxia Shenzhou New Materials Co., Ltd.
　　Completed by: Wang Hanli, Wang Jun, Yu Hao, Xu Qinggang, Wu Haipeng and Zhou Hongjun.
　　23, million kilowatt pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant forging main pipeline technology
　　Completed by: Yantai Taihai Manuer Nuclear Power Equipment Co., Ltd.
　　China Nuclear Power Research and Design Institute
　　Completed by: Li Zhengjun, Liu Xianghong, Zhao Tianming, Pu Xiaofen, Wang Baoping, Ren Yun.
　　24, aluminum alloy casting composite technology and equipment
　　Completed by Shandong nanshan aluminum Co., Ltd.
　　Northeastern University
　　yantai nanshan university
　　Completed by: Cheng Rence, Cui Jianzhong, Lv Zhengfeng, Qin Ke, Zhang Haitao, Yu Yujiang.
　　25, CNC automatic vertical multi-station stator winding machine
　　Completed by Shandong Zhongji Electrical Equipment Co., Ltd.
　　Completed by: Wang Weixiu, Wang Cesheng, Cheng Xuehu, Wang Xiren, Li Fuguo, Ma Chao.
　　26. Research and application of high-efficiency and energy-saving control technology and core component processing technology of crawler bulldozer.
　　Completed by: Shantui Construction Machinery Co., Ltd.
　　Completed by: Zhang Liyin, Hou Wenjun, Sean, Zhao Jianjun, Li Xuanqiu and Wan Guangqian.
　　27, new flexible high-voltage dynamic reactive power compensation device key technology research and development and industrialization application.
　　Completed by: Shandong Taikai Power Electronics Co., Ltd.
　　Completed by: Fan Deping, Feng Li, Kang Changlu, Liu Qihui, Ning Shen and Song Yuewen.
　　28, high-grade highway semi-rigid base damage theory, control method and engineering application.
　　Completed by: Shandong Institute of Transportation Science.
　　shandong jianzhu university
　　Completed by: Wei Jincheng, Wang Lin, Ma Shijie, Yu Sixin, Han Wenyang and Fu Jiancun.
　　29. Development of 160km diesel multiple unit exported to Iraq.
　　Completed by CSR Sifang Vehicle Co., Ltd.
　　Completed by Rao Zhen, Zheng Kuixian, Wang Xiaofeng, Sun Mintang, An Hailiang, Liu Xiaoguang.
　　30. Comprehensive treatment and resource utilization technology of oil sludge and sand
　　Completed by: Shandong University
　　Gudong Oil Production Plant of Shengli Oilfield Branch of China Petrochemical Co., Ltd.
　　Completed by Hou Wanguo, Tang Zhiqiang, Gao Jutong, Yan Jingen, Liu Chunbo, Huang Chun.
　　31. Study on the evolution and recombination of human enterovirus in human population and environment and the integration of new viruses.
　　Completed by Shandong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention.
　　Completed by: Xu Aiqiang, Wang Haiyan, Tao Zexin, Lin Xiaojuan, Song Lizhi and Wang Suting.
　　32, bladder cancer tumor microenvironment simulation and related molecular mechanisms.
　　Completed by: Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University.
　　No.401 hospital of PLA
　　Completed by: Niu Haitao, Wang Xinsheng, Xu Ting, Sun Lijiang, Cao Yanwei and Jiang Haiping.
　　33. Study on the application of new quantitative indexes of spiral CT in aortic dissection
　　Completed by: Qilu Hospital of Shandong University
　　Beijing anzhen hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University.
　　Completed by: Zhao Xin, Qi Ruidong, Bi Yanwen, Song Guangmin, Li Chuanbao and Sun Lizhong.
　　34. Mechanism and clinical application of diabetes affecting corneal epithelial wound healing.
　　Completed by: Qilu Hospital of Shandong University
　　Completed by: Wu Xinyi, Shi Long, Zhang Ying, Chang Yuan, Yu Xiaoming and Yang Yongmei.
　　35. Basic and clinical research on one-stage resection, functional preservation and reconstruction of hypopharyngeal cancer and cervical involved tissues.
　　Completed by: Qilu Hospital of Shandong University
　　Completed by: Xinliang Pan, Liu Dayu, Jin Tong, Lei Dapeng, Wei Dongmin and Qian Ye.
　　36, drug impurity control and evaluation of key technology platform construction and application
　　Completed by: Shandong Institute of Food and Drug Inspection
　　Completed by: Li Jun, Wang Weijian, Zhu Qingfen, Niu Chong, Zhang Zhonghu, Gong Liping.
Shandong International Science and Technology Cooperation Award
(3 persons)
　　1. Wang Dunyou
　　Country: USA
　　Partner: Shandong Normal University
　　2. Chis Eugen Jochem reinas
　　Country: Netherlands
　　Partner: Yantai CIMC Raffles Offshore Engineering Co., Ltd.
　　3. John FerAdrian Wen
　　Country: Belgium
　　Cooperative unit: Weihai Goldsun Photothermal Power Generation Equipment Co., Ltd.

　　[Pacific Auto] On April 28th, China Automobile Industry Association and National Computer Network Emergency Technology Processing Coordination Center issued the Notice on Testing Four Safety Requirements for Automobile Data Processing (the first batch), and all the models produced by Shanghai Superfactory met the compliance requirements. It is expected that all localities will lift the prohibition and parking restrictions on peer-to-peer intelligent networked vehicles (such as government agencies, airports, highways, etc.).

　　According to the public notice, Tesla, as one of the first enterprises to pass the national authoritative vehicle data testing, carried out the vehicle testing in strict accordance with the relevant laws, standards and testing procedures, and met the four compliance requirements of the national regulations and standards, such as Several Provisions on the Safety Management of Vehicle Data and GB/T 41871-2022 Safety Requirements for Information Security Technology in Vehicle Data Processing: anonymous processing of external face information, default not to collect cockpit data, and in-vehicle processing of cockpit data.

　　In addition, many brands and models, including,,, Nezha and so on, also successfully passed the data security compliance test. It is reported that this test follows the principle of voluntary inspection by enterprises and evaluates the data security compliance of newly listed intelligent networked vehicles in 2022-2023.

　　At present, new energy vehicles can collect a large number of diversified vehicle data by equipped with advanced sensors and intelligent systems. However, this technological progress has also brought new challenges to data security. Tesla has been concerned about data security issues before, and even restricted in some places. The announcement of the test results not only provides an official endorsement for the data security of many new energy vehicles such as Tesla, but also sets a new standard for data security for the whole industry. This progress is expected to promote the wider application of intelligent networked vehicles and strengthen consumers’ trust in new energy vehicle technology.

　　It is worth mentioning that the core reason why Tesla’s FSD fully automatic driving software can’t be pushed in the mainland market is data security, and this time, the national authoritative data security test has laid a certain foundation for Tesla to promote FSD to enter the China market.

　　However, despite Tesla’s deep technical accumulation in the field of intelligent driving, the competition in the domestic market is also extremely fierce. Domestic car companies have made rapid progress in the field of advanced assisted driving, and many car companies provide advanced intelligent driving functions for free. In this case, the optional cost of Tesla FSD fully autonomous driving software is as high as 64,000, which is undoubtedly a big burden for consumers. If the price cannot be reduced, even if it comes into the domestic market later, it will be difficult to obtain wide acceptance because of the high use cost.

　　In addition, the road and traffic environment in China may be different from that in the United States, and Tesla may need to localize and optimize the FSD to meet the actual needs of the domestic market. Are you optimistic about Tesla FSD entering the domestic market? (Text: Pacific Auto Wu Qi)

　　According to the Medical Regulations of Shenzhen Special Economic Zone (hereinafter referred to as the Medical Regulations) and other relevant regulations, our commission issued the Standards for the Establishment of Clinics in Shenzhen (for Trial Implementation) in 2017. After more than three years of implementation, combined with the actual situation of our city, our commission further revised the standards and formed the Standards for the Establishment of Clinics in Shenzhen (hereinafter referred to as the Standards) to adapt to the introduction and adjustment of relevant laws and regulations in China and Guangdong Province. The relevant situation is now explained as follows:

　　I. The necessity of revising the Standards

　　(a) to meet the requirements of the new regulations formulated by the state and relevant departments of the Guangdong Provincial Government.

　　The Medical Regulations, which came into effect in 2017, modified the relevant provisions of the Regulations on the Administration of Medical Institutions and the Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Regulations on the Administration of Medical Institutions on the registration and licensing conditions of medical institutions. Therefore, our Committee formulated the Standards for the Establishment of Clinics in Shenzhen (Trial) accordingly. The standard has been implemented for more than three years, and it has become an important operational guideline and a practical supplement to laws and regulations for Shenzhen health administrative department to implement the daily examination and approval of clinic practice license.

　　The standard is also basically in line with the Notice on Printing and Distributing the Pilot Opinions on Promoting the Development of Clinics issued by the National Health and Wellness Commission, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, and the State Medical Insurance Bureau (Guo Wei Yi Fa [2019] No.39), and the Interim Measures for the Record Management of Chinese Medicine Clinics issued by the National Health and Wellness Commission (Order No.14 of the Director of the State Health Planning Commission). Guangdong Provincial Health and Wellness Commission, Guangdong Provincial Development and Reform Commission, Guangdong Provincial Department of Finance, guangdong provincial department of human resources and social security, Guangdong Provincial Medical Security Bureau, Guangdong Provincial Bureau of Traditional Chinese Medicine and other six departments issued the "Implementation Plan for Promoting the Development of Clinics in Guangdong Province" (Yue Wei Yi Han [2019] No.24), The requirements of new regulations such as the Notice on Optimizing the Cross-departmental Examination and Approval of Social-run Medical Institutions issued by Guangdong Development and Reform Commission, Civil Affairs Department, Natural Resources Department, Department of Ecology and Environment, Department of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, Health and Wellness Commission, Market Supervision Administration and Bureau of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Development and Reform Society Letter [2019] No.2042). Therefore, after the expiration of the "Standard", it is necessary to further revise it to better guide the staff and applicants of the health administrative department and meet the actual work needs.

　　(2) The need to implement the Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Supporting Shenzhen to Build a Pilot Demonstration Zone in Socialism with Chinese characteristics.

　　In order to implement "accelerating the construction of a world-class integrated quality medical service system and

　　Promote innovative health insurance system oriented by health. Expand the supply of high-quality medical and health resources

　　Give, encourage social forces to develop high-level medical institutions, and send them to Hong Kong-funded and Australian-funded medical institutions

　　Exhibition provides convenience. According to the exploration, establish the training of medical talents and hospital evaluation in line with international standards.

　　Review the certification standard system, relax the restrictions on overseas doctors practicing in the mainland, and try internationally first.

　　Frontier medical technology "requirements, in order to better regulate social forces to hold high-quality medical machines.

　　Structure, it is necessary to revise the "standard", the health administrative departments to build medical service supervision.

　　One of the requirements for setting up a clinic is to manage the platform, build an information system for medical institutions and upload information on diagnosis and treatment services.　

　　Second, the revision process

　　Our Commission organized professionals to revise the Standard, and in March 2020, we sought the opinions of relevant government departments, district health administrative departments, medical institutions and other units in writing, and publicly solicited opinions and suggestions from all walks of life through our Commission official website. In May, after collecting and summarizing the opinions and suggestions of relevant units and people in society, relevant professionals were organized to seriously study and discuss, and after repeated argumentation and investigation, the Standard was further revised and improved, forming a draft.

　　Third, the main contents of the revision

　　(1) increase the requirements for health technicians in clinics to master first aid skills.

　　In view of the fact that the Standard stipulates that clinics can offer no more than four diagnosis and treatment subjects, in order to ensure that the relevant diagnosis and treatment subjects are actually carried out according to law, and to ensure medical quality and medical safety, the Standard stipulates that clinics must be equipped with medical practitioners with relevant qualifications who take the clinic as the main practice institution, and should be equipped with a corresponding number of health technicians as required. All medical and health personnel should be proficient in cardiopulmonary resuscitation first aid skills.

　　(two) to increase the requirements of information system construction and access to the supervision platform.

　　The Standard stipulates that clinics should build information systems and access the medical service supervision platform as required. The purpose is to further promote the development of "internet+medical care" and innovate the supervision mode in our city, and give full play to the exemplary role of Shenzhen.The second isFurther strengthen the need for post-event supervision in the medical market, severely investigate and punish illegal acts according to law, strengthen the awareness of medical institutions to practice according to law, ensure medical quality and safety, and safeguard medical order and people’s health rights and interests.The third isRealize real-time information sharing system with relevant government departments, and establish work linkage mechanism and joint punishment mechanism.

　　(3) Delete the requirement that there should be at least one registered nurse in the clinic.

　　The "Standard" deletes the provision of "at least one registered nurse" in the original "personnel". Since the implementation of the Standard for more than three years, the health administrative departments in various districts and some clinic organizers have reported that the clinics are generally small in scale and area, and the requirement that all clinics are equipped with registered nurses is too harsh, and considering that some clinics do not need to be equipped with nurses in actual work to meet the daily medical needs of the people, the general requirement is deleted, and some necessary professions are reserved to provide the number of registered nurses to meet the daily medical service needs.

　　Please review the Standards and the above descriptions.

Text | Financial Stories, Author | Original, Editor | Wan Tiannan

Faced with the fierce involution in the workplace, people who are tired or deliberately escape, many people in the workplace who are over 30 or 35 years old are looking forward to passing the postgraduate entrance examination, accumulating new abilities, finding new springboard and stepping into a new track.

However, these older postgraduate students soon discovered that they had fallen into another extreme involution sinkhole.

In recent years, the number of postgraduate students has been rising continuously, from 1.65 million in 2015 to 4.74 million in 2023. Although it fell back to 4.38 million in 2024, the nature of involution does not seem to have changed.

What’s more, the admission rate of graduate students in 2024 is only about 20%, which means that 8 out of every 10 people are facing falling out of the list.

The 33-year-old Wen Dao is one of them.

Previously, she went around in the media industry and public relations companies. "It’s all sunset industries." She couldn’t see a way out. In the second half of 2023, naked resignation was chosen as the literary knife with tiredness, and she took a full-time postgraduate entrance examination. In order to prepare for this year’s graduate interview, I even flew from Shandong to Shenzhen, and finally I regretted falling out of the list by one point.

After some tossing, Wen Dao, who was out of work and shy, was forced to go back. "I have joined a new media company now, and my income is very small. Let’s make do with it first."

As for whether or not to take the postgraduate entrance examination in World War II, Wen Dao, who just failed once, is a bit drumming. "Save some money first, and let’s talk about it after half a year."

Today, we aim at the older postgraduate students. Why do they want to take the postgraduate entrance examination in reverse? What problems did you encounter during the preparation? How to guarantee the source of life? Is it worth all the efforts to bet on this silent postgraduate entrance examination gambling game?

"I found that I never reconciled with my 18-year-old self."

Si Nian’s academic performance was excellent since childhood, but unfortunately, the college entrance examination was out of order and she missed out on Peking University.

The college entrance examination every year is the saddest day for Si Nian.

It’s like a scabbed wound that will be uncovered again and again every year, and it hurts every time.

It happened that she had just returned to her hometown from naked resignation, and the continuous staying up late and working overtime made her unable to endure.

After a sudden break, Si Niannian had a comfortable life for a few days, but soon, she felt confused, lost her sense of control over time, and was tired and weak. She spent every day watching movies and brushing Weibo’s little red book.

One day, she suddenly brushed the movie "The Spice Girl at the Bottom" and rekindled her enthusiasm for the postgraduate entrance examination.

She wants to restart her life, regain control of time and make up for her 18-year-old regret.

For jing xing, a full-time nanny, the postgraduate entrance examination is a protest and a cry for boring life.

Jing xing was born in the financial circle. After giving birth to a baby, she chose to return to her family, and her life revolved around her children and her husband. There is less and less communication with her husband, and she is gradually out of touch with society.

Her life is filled with tea, rice, oil, salt and baby’s shit. What I care about is no longer the valuation of the industry track company, but the big promotion of diapers and eggs in supermarkets today.

Every time when her husband talks about a social hotspot with great interest, she can’t talk about any other views except nodding her head.

This is completely different from her previous speech in the debate field and her courage in the workplace.

She was inexplicably afraid and suffered from postpartum anxiety.

She hopes to rediscover her radiant self through the postgraduate entrance examination.

Ma Fei has always lived a step-by-step life. Ordinary looks, read two ordinary books, found an ordinary administrative job, and life has been so ordinary that it seems to be endless.

So the 30-year-old Ma Fei decided to rebel, and GAP spent a whole year trying to experience a more exciting life. Hiking in Tibet, bungee jumping abroad, eating frozen pears in Erbin, and having a barbecue in Zibo … …

Life is wonderful. However, when I want to return to the workplace, I find that my resume is basically "unreadable", and the only interview is still unreliable sales, with a basic salary of only 1300.

"As long as the GAP has passed in China, looking for a job seems to be sentenced to death." Ma Fei is helpless, but she wants to cry about the cruel reality.

Postgraduate entrance examination seems to be her best solution.

Almost ten years after graduation, Si Nian completely forgot the relevant contents of professional courses. "Now you ask me to define news, and I can’t say a few words."

Everything has to start all over again.

Even, physical fitness and memory are not as good as before.

I miss the occupational disease of working overtime before. If I sit for a long time, my back hurts and my cervical vertebra hurts.

Originally, I wanted to explain and copy 400 terms of communication science first, at least to make my face familiar. Unexpectedly, after writing more than 1000 words, my hands hurt. When I was a child, the cocoon grinded by homework turned slightly red again, and I felt new vitality.

Si Niannian couldn’t help but vomit with his family. "I’m wasting my time before I get started."

The 30-year-old old waist can’t support sitting for a long time, so Si Niannian can only adjust his study plan and set tomato time for 45 minutes and rest for 20 minutes like a middle school classroom. Every time you learn a tomato clock, you have to lie in bed for a while, otherwise your waist can’t stand it.

Compared with physical fatigue, Liu Jiahua has to bear more silent pressure from her parents.

"My parents didn’t stop me from taking the postgraduate entrance examination on the surface, but I know they think I’m irrational. "Liu Jiahua is very helpless. After all, in the eyes of parents who have always been traditional, having a stable job, getting married and having children early is the right way in the world.

They will silently forward to Liu Jiahua the news of the registration of the local county business, or insinuate that the cousin of XX’s relatives is married.

Liu Jiahua usually smiles and perfunctory in the past, or turns a blind eye and buries his head in endorsement.

Kobayashi’s problems are even more daunting. He originally chose a last-rate 985 because he valued the number of people admitted to the school. As a result, he encountered a shrinking move. He originally admitted 100 people, and now only 45 are left.

Half of the people who were cut off alive also directly cut off more than half of Kobayashi’s enthusiasm.

What makes Kobayashi even more mad is not only shrinking the strokes, but also changing two reference books, which is equivalent to all previous efforts being burned.

Kobayashi silently placed an order for two other books while saying that "the sky will drop to the people of Sri Lanka, and they must first suffer their minds and work hard."

When I encounter problems before the exam, I am very anxious. For example, Shi Jing almost gave up when she signed up, because the admission ticket failed to be certified.

At present, most provinces confirm online, and it is necessary to submit the photo of ID card and my ID card. It is reasonable to say that there is no big problem, but it is just the photo on the university diploma that year.

"Who can look the same as 10 years ago?" Shi Jing is going crazy. When she just graduated, she only weighed 105 kg, and now she is a fat man of 160 kg. The original oval face has also become a double chin, and the eyes have been squeezed into a crack by meat.

Originally, Shi Jing specially painted a light makeup to take a photo of the hippocampus. In order to have a beautiful photo during the future graduate school, I didn’t expect the audit to fail.

Shi Jing is anxious to find a solution online, and some friends share their successful experiences — — No beauty, no makeup. It is best to shoot with the front camera of the mobile phone. The uglier it is, the higher the pass rate is. More and more people verify that this is an effective method, but Shi Jing takes photos and uploads them again and again, and the verification fails again and again.

After the 12th failure, Shi Jing couldn’t help calling the Shanghai Admissions Office, and said bluntly that she was 60 Jin taller than ten years ago. The teacher of the Admissions Office is also very helpless, because the photos of previous students must be intelligently compared by AI before they can pass the next manual review. But now Shi Jing is stuck in the first level.

"AI recognition, however, you can use AI synthesis. Defeat magic with magic. " At the reminder of a friend, Shi Jing used AI photo studio to generate his own "AI ID photo". The steps are very simple. As long as you upload more than a dozen photos that you just graduated from college and add a few recent photos, the AI applet will be automatically generated.

Looking at this AI photo that is "both like and not like myself", Shi Jing uploaded the postgraduate registration confirmation with the mentality of giving it a try.

"Certification is successful. The photo of the admission ticket was uploaded successfully. "Shi Jing breathed a sigh of relief, but then he was worried about what to do if he was stopped outside the examination room on the day of the postgraduate entrance examination.

Shi Jing compared his current photo, ID photo and admission ticket photo with AI. As a result, the similarity between the current photo and ID photo is 85%, and the similarity between ID photo and admission ticket photo is 85%. The similarity between myself and the admission ticket photo is only 70%.

To this end, Shi Jing deliberately brought his diploma with him on the day of the exam, prepared an explanation in advance, and wanted to prepare in advance to prevent being stuck.

On the day of the postgraduate entrance examination, when entering the security check, Shi Jing will specifically explain that he has gained weight. Fortunately, there was no danger. Although the photo similarity between myself and the admission ticket is not very high, the invigilator is allowed to enter the exam after comparing himself with the ID card, ID card and admission ticket respectively.

A realistic problem that must be faced in the postgraduate entrance examination for older people is money. Although I return to my study role, I still have to live. Rent, meals, daily necessities, review materials, and even remedial classes and study rooms … … Daily expenses are inevitable, so where does the money come from?

Wu Kaiyuan believes that even if she prepares for the postgraduate entrance examination, she can’t break the source of income, so she chose to prepare for the exam on the job. Therefore, in addition to the study time from work to home at 8: 00 to 11: 00 every night, she can only seize all the time to "learn". She imported the electronic version of professional course notes into WeChat reading, and then used the commuting time to "listen to books". In the company, when holding some boring meetings, I recite dozens of words in the air.

Si Niannian became a "full-time daughter" with peace of mind, eating and living at home. After deciding to take the postgraduate entrance examination, she had a good communication with her parents, and wanted to fight again while she still had momentum. Si Nian grew up in a democratic family, and her decision was supported by the whole family.

At the age of 30, I was at home, and I was embarrassed to miss it. I told my parents that I could cook. But this cooking is really hard to compliment, so I took on the job of washing dishes for every meal. When I was a child, Si Nian hated washing dishes, but now she washes them clean every time.

Trading labor for rent, Si Nian is comforting himself.

It is also a full-time preparation at home. Xiao Wang, who has always had a good face, is really hard to ask his parents for money.

Therefore, she chose to set up a stall in the night market. Starting from 1688 and Pinduoduo, some cheap and beautiful trinkets can be put on display for 2 hours every night, and when they are good, they can earn more than 100 yuan. Although they can’t compare with their monthly income of over 10,000 yuan before their resignation, the money for buying some daily necessities and studying materials is enough.

He Lingwei chose to go back to his grandmother’s house in the countryside to prepare for the exam. There was no social interaction and no way to order takeout, so the cost of living was lower. Therefore, the cost is basically to consider some expenses of information, and she is adhering to, "Resolutely not to report to class, and resolutely not to spend money.

As soon as her economic account book for postgraduate entrance examination was spread out, in addition to the registration fee of 200 yuan, she only bought two English real questions over the years and 30 yuan online class videos.

Unlike He Lingwei, Yang Ya saved 100,000 yuan in hand a few years before work, although she was also preparing for the exam.

This time, he was determined to take the postgraduate entrance examination, so he spent 15,000 yuan to enroll in a one-to-one guaranteed remedial class. Yang Ya thinks the money is well spent, at least there are professional people to give you guidance, so you don’t have to waste time without direction like a headless fly.

Ma Fei also has an extra expense, that is, he has packed a study room for postgraduate entrance examination near his home, which is 1800 yuan a month.

Because studying at home is too tempting, self-control is really a problem. The desk is close to the bed, so it is easy to learn to lie on the bed.

But in the study room, Ma Fei can at least concentrate on reading. After all, he spent real money and was more motivated to study.

On the day before his 30th birthday, Xiaoyu received a notice of Tsinghua’s proposed admission.

She wrote emotionally,

"The 18-year-old wind has crossed many hills and finally arrived today. I am still the best age. To youth, and to the courage to restart. "

And a few years ago, Huang Xuan, who came from the same small county with her, also made the decision to take the postgraduate entrance examination at an older age. 31-year-old postgraduate entrance examination, 33-year-old graduate admitted to Beijing university career editor.

In her view, there is no road to life in vain. If she didn’t have the courage to decide to take the postgraduate entrance examination at that time, she wouldn’t have the opportunity to see a wider world and start a different life.

Of course, not everyone will land successfully.

However, everyone went to the shore of life.

Liu Jiahua, 30, met her husband in the postgraduate remedial class and started a sister-in-law relationship with a difference of 6 years.

Although the postgraduate entrance examination was not successful, but the three views are consistent, the two people who are in love with each other entered the wedding hall. In a year, Liu Jiahua unlocked the multiple roles of wife and mother.

What is even happier is that Liu Jiahua’s parents, who were still angry about their daughter’s willfulness to take the postgraduate entrance examination but refused to date each other a year ago, now smile from ear to ear with their little grandson every day.

Although she became a mother, Liu Jiahua still put her feelings first. "I have never regretted going to the postgraduate entrance examination. Maybe one day I will re-prepare for the exam."

And Ma Fei, the one who said he could only learn in the study room. She didn’t go ashore, but she opened a study room called "Going ashore".

"I this person, still like sth over and over again. I think my study room is full every day. When I think about it, it can be done. "

Ma Fei is an activist, and he started to do it. He set up a 150-square-meter house in the community, and after simple arrangement, he let it out. Business is very hot, and I don’t say anything in a month, but I also earned a small 20 thousand.

No, in less than a year, Ma Fei has turned from an "older job-hunting dog" who can’t find a job to a small boss. It is said that he is going to open a second store next month.

And Si Nian is ready for World War II. It is a pity that she was only 1 point lower than the admission line of Peking University in World War I..

"That’s Peking University, isn’t it worth fighting for again?"

And what is gratifying is that during the preparation period, Si Niannian has been recording his postgraduate course and review methods on social platforms. In a year, I have unconsciously increased more than 10,000 fans.

Today, the status of "postgraduate blogger" allows her to earn two or three thousand yuan in advertising revenue every month.

This made her prepare for the full-time exam without "worries", and she also had to rush for her dream of Peking University.

Is it worthwhile to take the postgraduate entrance examination?

This is a matter of opinion.

Simply calculating the economic account, it seems that it is not so cost-effective to go to graduate school at an older age.

A fresh doctoral student of Top3 University in 2023 regretted studying for a few more years. "I graduated as a doctor this year, and I got the highest Offer, so I got an annual salary of 600,000. Look at the undergraduate students who worked a few years earlier than me. Now it is not uncommon to have an annual salary of one million, and I am envious of it." He complained to Caijing Story. "I can study for a doctorate if I want to take the academic road, but the cruel thing is that I can finish my doctorate.

For mr. six in the workplace, full-time graduate study also means the interruption of the workplace.

What’s more, many 985 colleges and universities, especially those in first-and second-tier cities, no longer provide dormitories for master students, which undoubtedly increases the economic pressure of studying.

According to the market price, the extra rent of two or three thousand yuan per month will be a big expense in three years, and the total cost of graduate school may soar to 200 thousand.

Let’s look at the trend of graduate education. In recent years, the number of postgraduate candidates has been rising continuously, and the admission ratio of master students is also increasing year by year. In 2010, the enrollment ratio of master degree to master degree was 3:1, and in 2023, the number of applicants for master degree exceeded 60%. Even in top universities like Tsinghua University, the ratio of master degree to master degree has reached 74% and 26%. This undoubtedly shows that the special master education is increasingly valued.

Back to the reality of the workplace, for many majors, a bachelor’s degree plus three years of work experience may be more competitive in the workplace than a graduate student who just graduated.

For the older professionals who are trying to get rid of the 35-year-old middle-aged crisis through graduate school, "I will be 40 years old soon after graduate school, let alone find a job", which is also the concern of Wendao.

However, there is never a standard answer in life, just like the group of older postgraduate students who go against the current, listening to 10000 kinds of voices, but they can only go their own way after all. (The names in this article are all pseudonyms)