[Explanation]

　　Artificial Intelligence (AI). It is a new technical science to study and develop theories, methods, technologies and application systems for simulating, extending and expanding human intelligence. Artificial intelligence is a branch of computer science, which attempts to understand the essence of intelligence and produce a new intelligent machine that can respond in a similar way to human intelligence. The research in this field includes robot, language recognition, image recognition, natural language processing and expert system.

[argument]

　　2016 is the 60th anniversary of the concept of artificial intelligence. For artificial intelligence, Dr. Stephen Hawking commented: "The real artificial intelligence technology will be the greatest invention in human history."

　　At the beginning of March, 2016, after seven days of fierce fighting, Google’s "AlphaGo" beat South Korea’s Jiuduan Li Shishi in the Man-Machine Go Competition, which showed the rapid progress and powerful strength of contemporary artificial intelligence and shocked the hearts of countless people.

　　At the same time, the artificial intelligence products of other giants are constantly showing their edge. In April 2016, Xiao Ai, an artificial intelligence program in Alibaba Cloud, successfully predicted the top three in the fourth season finals of "I am a singer" and successfully predicted that CoCo Lee won the championship in the final showdown; Microsoft’s artificial intelligence system has realized "telling stories by looking at pictures"; Baidu’s "Baidu Brain" has reached the intelligence level of a 4-year-old child. Baidu unmanned vehicles have been tried out on the Fifth Ring Road in Beijing with complicated road conditions, and their emergency performance is better than that of drivers. The secret robot has settled in the KFC concept store in Hongqiao, Shanghai, ordering food directly for guests, and so on.

　　It seems that it will take a long time for these artificial intelligence to be popularized on a large scale. In fact, with the combination of artificial intelligence with emerging industries such as big data, Internet of Things, robotics, biomedicine and virtual reality, it will be faster and faster for other industries and even social and economic seepage velocity.

　　At present, a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation is gestating. From the third world internet conference held in November, 2016, the innovation of Internet technology in the world is becoming more and more competitive in cutting-edge technology. As the "wind vane" of the Internet industry, the innovation of cutting-edge technology almost determines the development height of the whole Internet.

　　In October 2016, Obama hosted the White House Frontier Summit and looked forward to the development of the United States in the next 50 years. At the summit, the White House released the report "National Artificial Intelligence Research and Development Strategic Plan", aiming at using the full potential of the artificial intelligence plan to strengthen the economy and improve society. Not only that, the European Commission also announced that the "Human Brain Engineering Project" was selected as the EU’s "Future Emerging Flagship Technology Project".

　　China’s emphasis on artificial intelligence and its support are also increasing. The "Guiding Opinions of the State Council on Actively Promoting the" internet plus "Action" issued in July 2015 clearly pointed out that it is necessary to focus on developing the application of artificial intelligence in the fields of home, terminal, automobile and robot; In the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan", artificial intelligence was promoted to a national strategy; In May 2016, the National Development and Reform Commission and the Central Network Information Office jointly issued the "Implementation Plan for the Three-year Action of Artificial Intelligence in internet plus" … Undoubtedly, the development and leap of artificial intelligence technology in the future will greatly change the world and people’s lifestyle.

　　The telegraph took 20 years from invention to popularization; The telephone took less than 10 years from invention to popularization; At present, the research, development and promotion of computer software often take less than a few months. In early January 2017, after the upgraded version of AlphaGo, the "mysterious chess player" Master swept the human Go master with a record of 60 wins, 0 losses and 1 draw, the artificial intelligence Baidu brain narrowly beat the "world memory master". While the Internet entered the second half, a new scene was unveiled in 2017, and artificial intelligence was exciting and full of infinite possibilities.

Notes

　　At present, a wave of artificial intelligence sweeping the world is coming. No matter startups, universities and scientific research institutions in Silicon Valley, or the world’s technology giants Google, Microsoft and Baidu, they have invested a lot of manpower and material resources in the field of artificial intelligence and started to conduct forward-looking research.

　　AlphaGo beats Li Shishi.

　　On March 15th, 2016, the fifth match between Google’s artificial intelligence Go software AlphaGo and South Korean star Li Shishi ended, and AlphaGo beat Li Shishi with a total score of 4:1. From March 9 to 15, AlphaGo and Li Shishi fought a total of five games. In the first three games, AlphaGo won a big victory. In the fourth game, Li Shishi reversed the defeat, but in the fifth game, Li Shishi lost again.

　　As a long-standing chess game of the Chinese nation, Go has always been recognized by the industry as a highland that cannot be conquered by a computer. Looking back at this eye-catching man-machine war in the world, its significance has gone far beyond Go. People are keen to talk about AlphaGo, more out of concern for artificial intelligence technology.

　　On March 12, 2016, The Economist published an article entitled "Artificial Intelligence and Go", pointing out that unlike the chess played by Deep Blue in 1997, Go played by AlphaGo is more complicated, and there are more possibilities after each step. But the algorithm behind AlphaGo has already shown its advantages in the competition. Through deep learning, it has been able to simulate human playing chess, has "intuition" and can give the best strategy choice for the next step. Deep learning is an indispensable part of general artificial intelligence in the future. At present, many companies have invested money and energy in this field. In the future, we can expect the application of deep learning in face recognition, speech recognition and even medical field.

　　Baidu brain narrowly beats "world memory master"

　　On the evening of January 6th, 2017, super brain, the fourth season broadcast by Jiangsu Satellite TV, welcomed a special player-Baidu sent an artificial intelligence robot "Xiaodi" equipped with Baidu brain to challenge super brain’s Hall of Fame player. After two hours of competition, Xiaodi beat Wang Feng, the representative of human super brain, 3-2 by virtue of its deep accumulation in the fields of artificial intelligence and face recognition.

　　Behind the "smallness" of Baidu’s brain are trillions of parameters, hundreds of billions of samples and hundreds of billions of feature training, which can simulate the working mechanism of the human brain and learn and train extremely complicated models.

　　Earlier, Robin Li, chairman and CEO of Baidu, also said in the trailer of the fourth season of super brain that if super brain is the representative of human brain limit, then Baidu brain is the representative of high level of artificial intelligence. Regardless of winning or losing, it will make a breakthrough contribution to the technological development of artificial intelligence.

　　At the 3rd world internet conference, the most noticeable event was the release of the world’s leading scientific and technological achievements on the Internet, with 15 high-tech research achievements. Baidu Brain was the only comprehensive artificial intelligence technology selected in China. "Artificial intelligence is the next scene of the mobile Internet, and artificial intelligence will be the core of Baidu’s core. Specifically, artificial intelligence means Baidu’s brain to Baidu." Li Yanhong said.

　　At present, Baidu has published more than 1,500 invention patents in artificial intelligence-related fields such as speech recognition, image recognition, natural language processing, unmanned driving, machine learning and deep learning, which have been widely used in unmanned vehicles, voice search and even O2O.

　　The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward: "It is necessary to improve the management system of various state-owned assets, reform the authorized management system of state-owned capital, speed up the layout optimization, structural adjustment and strategic reorganization of the state-owned economy, promote the preservation and appreciation of state-owned assets, and promote the state-owned capital to become stronger and better, so as to effectively prevent the loss of state-owned assets." Correctly understanding the relationship between "state-owned enterprises become stronger, better and bigger" and "state-owned capital become stronger, better and bigger", and organically unifying and connecting them in theory and practical work, is related to truly realizing the overall goal of comprehensively deepening reform of "adhering to and improving the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system and continuously promoting the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity".

　　First, the state-owned economy is inseparable from the basic carrier of state-owned enterprises.

　　China’s constitution stipulates: "In the primary stage of socialism, the state adheres to the basic economic system with public ownership as the main body and multiple ownership economies developing together." "The state-owned economy, that is, the socialist economy under ownership by the whole people, is the leading force in the national economy. The state guarantees the consolidation and development of the state-owned economy. " A "subject" and a "people" show that there are fundamental differences in the nature of the basic economic system between socialist countries and capitalist countries, and also show that there are fundamental differences in the nature of socialist state-owned economy and capitalist state-owned economy. Deepening the reform of state-owned assets and state-owned enterprises can only strengthen but never shake and weaken the socialist state-owned economy owned by the whole people.

　　In recent years, some economists like to use the "property right theory" as the basis for reform. In fact, the essence of "property right" is ownership. The ownership relationship has a development process, and the complete concept of ownership itself contains a series of rights such as possession, control, use, disposal and benefit. Among them, who owns the means of production is an extremely important issue. No matter what society, possession of the means of production is the premise of production. Whoever owns the means of production will be able to produce, thus being able to dominate production and its results; Whoever doesn’t possess the means of production can’t produce, so it’s impossible to dominate production and its results. However, if we only understand and position the economic nature of ownership by the whole people from the perspective of property rights in the sense of legal rights, that is, ownership relations, it will deviate from the basic principles and methods of Marxist political economy.

　　Marx believes that ownership is not a simple right relationship between people in the sense of legal rights, or the right of who owns the means of production, but an economic relationship between the owner (occupier) of the means of production and the workers who use the means of production in the production process. He stressed that ownership cannot be separated from the real economic relationship. "In every historical era, ownership has developed in various ways and under completely different social relations. Therefore, defining the ownership of the bourgeoisie is nothing more than describing all the social relations produced by the bourgeoisie. " "To define ownership as an independent relationship, a special category and an abstract and eternal concept can only be a metaphysical or legal fantasy." (Selected Works of Marx and Engels, Volume 1, People’s Publishing House, 1995, pp. 177— Page 178) In human history, ownership and ownership are not simply corresponding, and the same form of ownership can exist on different ownership bases. For example, the form of state ownership has long existed on the basis of different private ownership in slave society, feudal society and capitalist society, as well as on the basis of public ownership in socialist countries, and its nature is completely different. In essence, ownership is a social way of combining workers with means of production, and it is the relationship between the owners of means of production and the workers who use them. Historically,The common ground of all the exploiting class ownership lies in the separation of the owners (occupiers) of the means of production from the laborers. The sign that can distinguish different private ownership is not whether the means of production are owned by slave owners, feudal owners or capitalists, but the way in which workers directly become the owners of means of production and are deprived of surplus labor, that is, slave ownership; Or by virtue of the dependence of workers on the owners of means of production, the two were combined and deprived of surplus labor, that is, feudal ownership; Or through the sale of personal freedom of hired labor, and the exchange of capital to combine the two and be exploited of surplus value, that is, capitalist ownership. Socialist public ownership is a kind of ownership based on the laborers’ own labor rather than the labor of others, which is United within a certain range (collective or the whole people). The laborers are directly combined with the means of production jointly owned by themselves and finally share the fruits, which embodies the equal economic relationship in which the laborers are the masters of the country.

　　This shows that the existence and development of the socialist economy under ownership by the whole people cannot be separated from the state-owned enterprises with the nature of ownership by the whole people. Enterprise is the most basic carrier of the combination of workers and means of production, and it is the cell that constitutes a certain ownership economic relationship. Without the support of state-owned enterprises owned by the whole people, there would be no direct combination of workers and means of production, and there would be no real socialist state-owned economy owned by the whole people.

　　Second, "making state-owned enterprises stronger, better and bigger" is an inevitable requirement for adhering to and developing Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era.

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has repeatedly stressed the need to "confidently" and "unswervingly" make "state-owned enterprises stronger, better and bigger". This is inseparable from his understanding of the important position and role of China’s state-owned enterprises from the strategic height of highly unified economy and politics in the new era. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader once pointed out that China’s state-owned enterprises are an important pillar of the national economy, and also play a pillar role in the economic foundation of our party’s governance and China’s socialist state power, and must be done well. The role of "pillar", in definition, has not only qualitative connotation, but also quantitative requirements; In localization, it not only refers to the economic field, but also rises to the political field. He once used the word "Ming Men" in an instruction to describe the extreme importance of state-owned enterprises to our party and country. Those who are destined for life are the foundation of life. State-owned enterprises are the lifeblood of the socialist national economy, the lifeblood of the socialist regime, and the fate of our party, country and people. He also profoundly pointed out: Some people in the West are targeting at our state-owned enterprises and discrediting them, saying that they want "fair competition". In fact, drunkenness is not for the sake of wine, but for bringing down the important material and political foundation of the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s leadership and China’s socialist regime. We can’t be fooled! Here, "important material foundation and political foundation"The dual "basic" orientation of "Ming Men" is the best interpretation of the meaning of "Ming Men".

　　The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader attaches importance to state-owned enterprises, which is also linked with the importance of the national real economy. He repeatedly stressed that "the country’s strength depends on the real economy and cannot be bubbled." "The real economy is the capital of the country". "We must send a clear message to the whole society: do a good job in the economy, do a good job in enterprises, do a good job in state-owned enterprises, and grasp the real economy." At the National Conference on Party Building in State-owned Enterprises, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader put forward the new orientation and new requirements of making state-owned enterprises "a relying force and five important forces". Among them, "the most reliable reliance of the party and the country" ties the political and economic destiny of the party and the country in the new era to the state-owned enterprises, and the responsibility is irreplaceable! From the following five aspects: implementing the decision-making and deployment of the CPC Central Committee, implementing the new development concept and comprehensively deepening reforms, implementing major strategies such as "going out" and "Belt and Road", strengthening comprehensive national strength, promoting economic and social development, ensuring and improving people’s livelihood, and winning the victory of the great struggle with many new historical characteristics, the party is the concrete development of "relying on strength" and reflects the major strategic mission requirements of state-owned enterprises in the new era. This shows that under the complicated new struggle background at home and abroad,To lead the people to complete the great historical leap in the new era, realize the strategic goal of strengthening the country and enriching the people, and make Socialism with Chinese characteristics invincible in the world, the key is to rely on state-owned enterprises to play a good role as a pillar.

　　Now there is a seemingly authoritative statement that all central enterprises should adopt "mixed reform" and implement "company system", thus changing the nature of the few remaining "state-owned enterprises". This is a conceptual confusion. Ownership by the whole people and company system are two completely different concepts, one is about the nature of ownership, and the other is about the form of enterprise organization. Corresponding to ownership by the whole people is collective ownership or private capital ownership. Corresponding to the company system, it is the traditional factory system. According to the Marxist viewpoint, the joint-stock company is a transitional form from the capitalist mode of production to the joint mode of production, but it is passively sublated in the capitalist enterprises and actively sublated in the workers’ "cooperative factories". Therefore, socialism can be fully utilized. Joint-stock companies are not equal to privatization. The key depends on who holds the shares, who will serve them and enlarge their capital functions. For corporate enterprises with diversified stock rights, the economic relationship, that is, the nature of ownership, is different because of the different ways of combining the controlling rights and the means of production. Generally speaking, if a state-owned enterprise is established as a state-owned holding company through "mixed reform", it can realize the core leadership of the enterprise by communist party on behalf of the people and ensure the direct combination of workers and the means of production shared by the whole people.Make the enterprise become a joint-stock company that enlarges the function of state-owned capital and still has the nature of ownership by the whole people; If the company is established by private capital or foreign capital holding company, it is far from communist party’s core leadership of the enterprise, and the combination of workers and means of production can only be realized by the exchange of hired labor and capital, so that the enterprise can become a joint-stock company with private ownership that magnifies the functions of private capital or foreign capital. Therefore, in the socialist market economy, whether it is a wholly state-owned company, a wholly state-owned company, or a joint-stock company or a listed company controlled by state-owned, it is still a state-owned enterprise with the obvious nature of socialist ownership by the whole people. If the socialist enterprises owned by the whole people are cancelled in the name of company system, wouldn’t that mean that the socialist state-owned enterprises in China, which are fundamentally different from those in western countries, will be wiped out, and then the state-owned economy with the nature of socialist ownership by the whole people in China will be wiped out fundamentally? !

　　Third, "making state-owned capital stronger, better and bigger" is based on the macro-level requirement of "making state-owned enterprises stronger, better and bigger"

　　"Promoting the state-owned capital to be stronger, better and bigger" put forward in the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China is a state-owned assets reform goal linked with the trinity of "promoting the preservation and appreciation of state-owned assets" and "effectively preventing the loss of state-owned assets", which does not mean giving up the state-owned enterprise reform of "unswervingly making state-owned enterprises stronger, better and bigger". It should be said that "state-owned capital is stronger, better and bigger" and "state-owned enterprises are stronger, better and bigger" are the two goals of the organic connection of the reform of state-owned assets and state-owned enterprises, and the overall goal is to develop and strengthen Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s state-owned economy. "State-owned enterprises become stronger, better and bigger" is the foundation of developing and strengthening the state-owned economy, and "State-owned capital becomes stronger, better and bigger" is the macro-level embodiment of this foundation. From the connection between the two, the state-owned capital itself is the unity of physical form and value form, and the physical form is the state-owned assets used for the production and operation of enterprises, which is carried by the state-owned enterprises as the "material basis" of Socialism with Chinese characteristics;Its value form is the state-owned funds that reflect the economic relations of socialist ownership by the whole people, and it can not be reflected without the state-owned enterprises as the "political foundation" of Socialism with Chinese characteristics. Without the foundation of state-owned enterprises, there would be no real state-owned capital; Without the state-owned enterprises "becoming stronger, better and bigger", it is impossible to have the state-owned capital "becoming stronger, better and bigger".

　　However, as the goal of perfecting the state-owned assets management system, reforming the authorized management system of state-owned capital and optimizing the layout of state-owned economy, "making state-owned capital stronger, better and bigger" has a more macro, overall and strategic significance than individual state-owned enterprises. That is to say, no matter how the state-owned assets management and operation system are changed and how the state-owned assets are reorganized, the goal of stronger, better quality and larger scale of state-owned capital as a whole must be achieved. This is the requirement of realizing the national economic development strategy, and it is also the inevitable requirement of the production and operation of state-owned enterprises to have a macro reflection on the overall operation of state-owned capital. Therefore, in addition to a series of inspection indicators to measure whether the state-owned enterprises themselves are stronger, better and bigger, a series of inspection standards are also needed to measure whether the state-owned capital is stronger, better and bigger as a whole.

　　From the perspective of state-owned assets reform, the indicators to measure the strength, Excellence and enlargement of state-owned capital should generally include four levels: First, the indicators of state-owned assets supervision. These are two constraints associated with the operation of state-owned capital and state-owned enterprises, that is, the reform of state-owned assets should serve the reform of state-owned enterprises, ensure that it can "promote the preservation and appreciation of state-owned assets" and "effectively prevent the loss of state-owned assets." We should not devalue the stock of state-owned assets of enterprises in the reform, but create new value increment on the basis of the stock with the fixed value of capital; At the same time, the loss of state-owned assets by various forms of interest cannot occur in the reform, which is the bottom line requirement. The second is the scale benefit index of state-owned capital. It is through the reform that, on the one hand, the absolute amount of state-owned capital is significantly increased compared with that before the reform according to the established constant value rather than inflated value; On the other hand, the economic and social benefits brought by state-owned capital, including capital gains, fiscal profits and taxes, scientific and technological innovation contributions, have also been significantly improved compared with those before the reform. The third is the quality index of state-owned capital structure. First of all, the proportion of state-owned capital in the total social capital should be significantly higher than before the reform, which shows that in the overall structure of social capital, the relative strength of state-owned capital is stronger and it can better play a pillar and leading role; Secondly,It also includes the proportion of state-owned capital in the total capital of advanced industries, high-quality industries and key areas of society and its effect indicators, which should be significantly improved than before the reform, which reflects the improvement of the quality level of state-owned capital and the strengthening of its leading role in the national economy. The fourth is the function amplification index of state-owned capital. The result of "mixed reform" should be to enlarge the function of state-owned capital and strengthen its control and influence in the property right structure. This depends on whether the scale of social capital that state-owned capital can control (that is, effectively control) and its proportion in the total social capital are significantly higher than before the reform; It also includes whether the scale of social capital that state-owned capital can control (that is, effectively control) in advanced industries and high-quality industries, and its proportion in the total social capital of these industries and industries have been significantly improved compared with before the reform. Only in this way can we prove that state-owned capital is indeed stronger, better and bigger, and the reform will be convincing.

　　(Author: Executive Vice President and Senior Research Fellow of Kunlun Policy Research Institute, Special Research Fellow of State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council)

Special topic: picture channel

Luan Jujie expressed his heartfelt thanks to the people of the motherland with a picture of "Good Motherland". Photo courtesy of CFP

　　On August 3rd, 1984, Luan Jujie won the gold medal in women’s foil individual competition in the 23rd Los Angeles Olympic Games, becoming the first Asian to win the gold medal in Olympic fencing. The picture shows Luan Jujie trying his sword before the final. (data picture)

　　Twenty-four years ago, in Los Angeles, where Xu Haifeng won the first Olympic gold medal for the China delegation, 26-year-old Luan Jujie became the first female swordsman in China history, which is the only Olympic gold medal in China fencing history so far.

　　Luan Jujie, who has been away from the competition for 20 years, participated in the women’s foil individual competition as an athlete on behalf of the Canadian team today. Although she stopped at the top 32, she moved everyone present with her actions. A picture of "The motherland is good" expressed her deep gratitude, and she cried all the people who interviewed her for her love for her daughter with congenital heart disease.

　　Special correspondent for this topic Min Yang, Beijing, August 11th.

　　Luan Jujie’s competition was held at 11: 00 a.m., dressed in a snow-white sword suit, wearing a mighty shield and holding a shining sword. The 50-year-old female swordsman had just appeared, and the cheerleaders in the stands had already flashed the words of refueling.

　　The traces left by the years on Luan Jujie are only reflected in her slightly chubby figure, and the changeable movements in her hands and the flexible pace of movement seem to make people see the dashing and heroic spirit of her eyebrows and swords drawn out at the Olympic Games 24 years ago.

　　In the face of Tunisia’s rival Bubeck, who won the African championship, Luan Jujie patiently responded, "I have been telling myself to be calm. I know that she is less than 20 years old and has been practicing sword in France, but she doesn’t even say hello every time she meets me."

　　What the opponent lacked was the basic demeanor of the swordsman. Luan Jujie seized this psychological weakness and won 13-9 and became one of the top 32. In the eyes of her husband and three children who came to cheer on the scene, Luan Jujie should be the best.

　　Hand-made "Good Motherland" banner before departure.

　　Luan Jujie, who successfully advanced, didn’t leave the stadium immediately. She slowly took out a red and yellow banner from her backpack with the words "Good motherland" written on it. The banner is so big that Luan Jujie’s upper body is almost covered in order to hold it high. After showing a circle, she left with satisfaction. Many spectators at the scene were moved to tears after seeing the banner, and their applause for Luan Jujie became more and more enthusiastic.

　　Although she lost to the Hungarian opponent in the 1/16th final at noon, Luan Jujie won the respect of the audience. All the media waiting at the scene rushed to interview her. Seeing that the reporters in the mixed interview area had stood three floors away, the leader of the Canadian fencing team decided to borrow a press conference hall.

　　Luan Jujie brought her husband, Gu Da, to the press conference. Whenever a Canadian reporter asks questions, she answers them in fluent English. If a reporter from China asks questions, she answers them in Chinese. What everyone is most curious about is how she thought of showing this "good motherland". It turned out that this banner was made by her own hands, and she made it well before departure, ready to show it to the world at the opening ceremony.

　　"Originally, I was one of the four candidate flag bearers of the Canadian delegation, but I didn’t choose it later, but the regimental headquarters said I could stand in the first row and enter. I was going to open this banner at the opening ceremony, but later, the regimental headquarters stipulated that all members should not display any slogans during the admission process, otherwise they would be expelled. I think I have made such great efforts to participate in the Olympic Games and I can’t be expelled like this. " Luan Jujie later brought the banner to the opening ceremony, but she didn’t take it out until the whole delegation entered the prescribed area. "The banner was too big, covering my face. It was lifted by people from our regiment and I took a photo."

　　Luan Jujie set another time to show "the motherland is good" after today’s first appearance. "I dedicated my youth to the country. It was the party and the country that trained me. If I didn’t go abroad, I might not feel how happy I am as an athlete in China." Luan Jujie said that it was the wandering overseas for more than 20 years that made her fully feel how superior the conditions for representing China in the competition were. "I printed this banner just to thank my motherland for training me and let me practice such a good technology. I want to use the stage of the Beijing Olympic Games to express my heartfelt thanks to the people of the motherland."

　　Open fencing school in Shanghai after the Olympic Games.

　　Luan Jujie believes that it is not important which country she represents. What is important is to show the Olympic spirit. "I have made up my mind. After playing the first game, I will take this opportunity to thank all the audience regardless of winning or losing. I have already earned it."

　　Luan Jujie knew that there were many spectators cheering for him today. "I feel that what they care about is not my winning or losing, but encouraging me:’ You are so old, you must hold on.’ What I want to show is that I am still young, and I don’t look like 50 years old. "

　　Luan Jujie prepared for the Beijing Olympic Games for 15 months, and even took part in nearly 10 points races with his own pocket, which cost nearly 100,000 RMB. "If the Olympic Games were not held in Beijing, I would never take part. After all, I have retired for 20 years. My starting point is that the motherland sent a team to participate in the Olympic Games for the first time, and I participated. This is the first time that the motherland has hosted the Olympic Games. I also want to show young people that the reason why I can stand in the Olympic Games is accumulated through years of hard training. "

　　Luan Jujie intends to open a fencing school in Shanghai after the Beijing Olympic Games to contribute to the development of fencing in China. "I was in China for more than 20 years before, and I was in Canada for more than 20 years after. It is estimated that I will be half in China and half in Canada in the next 20 or 30 years."

　　Stay in a foreign country for my daughter.

　　When Luan Jujie explained why she flashed a banner, many reporters were red-eyed. Then, when she talked about why she moved to Canada far away from her native land, she directly cried herself and all the reporters around her, because she mentioned her eldest daughter with congenital heart disease.

　　Luan Jujie has three children named Gu Mengjia, Gu Mengyuan and Gu Hongtao. Luan Jujie was 33 years old when she was pregnant with her eldest daughter. When she gave birth to her daughter by caesarean section, she was told that her child had congenital heart disease before she had time to experience the feeling of being a mother for the first time.

　　Originally, Luan Jujie went to Canada because her husband went abroad to do business. Her original intention was to learn French well so that she could be a referee in the future. "Because I was misjudged by the referee when I was competing, I felt that China could not be without people in the International Sword Federation. I wanted to learn a foreign language well and then seek development in it."

　　The eldest daughter had 10 operations to replace the pacemaker.

　　Unexpectedly, her daughter’s illness forced her to choose to live in Canada for a long time. "This happened to the boss, and he began to put in a pacemaker at the age of two. Later, the operation to replace the pacemaker was done 10 times. I sent her to the operating room repeatedly. It can be said that not many parents came like us, but it was really difficult …" At some point, Luan Jujie began to choke.

　　At that time, she insisted on carrying her eldest daughter home, although the doctor predicted that her life would not exceed 6 years old. But now, her eldest daughter is 16 years old. "After so much experience, I feel that nothing is more important than life. The medical conditions in Canada are more suitable for her, so we stayed."

　　In order to take care of her daughter, Luan Jujie’s family has become a "woman in charge and man in charge". Her husband takes care of the children at home, and she works hard outside.

　　In Canadian fencing, Luan Jujie is a famous figure, and more than 60% of the medals are won by her disciples every year. She is rated as an excellent coach by the Canadian Fencing Association every year. The "Luan Jujie Fencing Open" is also held permanently in Canada as an annual event. "Today, when I return to my motherland, I want people to know that I have not humiliated Chinese. I have been recognized in Canada, and I am Chinese wherever I am."

　　Today, all three children in Luan Jujie went to the scene to cheer for their mother, and the second daughter also attended the press conference. Everyone just didn’t realize that the pretty girl around him was Luan Jujie’s second daughter.

Editor: Wang Jiaolong

    On April 18th, Huawei Pura 70 series new mobile phones were put on sale, and the online mall was sold out in one minute. The reporter saw in Huawei’s offline stores that there were long queues of experience and purchase customers.

    This new machine is made of Xuanwu toughened Kunlun glass, equipped with new HarmonyOS 4.2, and equipped with dual satellite communication of Beidou satellite and Tiantong satellite, which supports sending picture messages. It can capture the ultra-high-speed motion moment of 300 km/h, the ultra-high-speed wind and flash, and the high-speed rail can be clearly photographed.

    Reporter: Bai Yu, Li Sijia

    Produced by Audio and Video Department of Xinhua News Agency

Online appointment registration makes it more convenient to see a doctor; Experts can consult remotely and enjoy quality medical services at home; Online payment and settlement of medical insurance, and continuous improvement of the comprehensive medical security service system …

With the development of information technology, "Internet+medical care" has released great potential, and new medical service models are constantly emerging, which is not only conducive to the rational use of medical resources, but also provides patients with a better medical experience.

At present, in order to coordinate the prevention and control of normalized epidemic situation and meet the basic medical needs of the masses, the amount of consultation on Internet diagnosis and treatment has been further improved. Internet medical care has broken the time and space restrictions, not only played an important role in epidemic prevention and control, but also enabled other patients to receive medical support in time during the epidemic prevention and control. During this period, how can all localities optimize the Internet medical service model? How to expand the online medical service space? What new medical experience has Internet medical care brought?

Data sources: National Health Commission, National Telemedicine Center, Lilac Doctor Data Research Institute, Analysys Consulting and Zhiyan Consulting.

Optimization process of appointment visit

Online booking time is more accurate, and there is no need to sign in twice after arriving at the hospital.

"You need a minor operation, but before the operation, you must first look at the problem of premature heart beats." After listening to the diagnosis given by the gynecologist of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Ms. Chen, who lives in xing lin cun, jimei district, Xiamen, quickly took out her mobile phone and made an appointment for the number of Cardiovascular Department next Wednesday through "Beautiful Xiamen Wisdom and Health" WeChat WeChat official account.

Enter WeChat WeChat official account, click on the hospital appointment module, select the hospital, outpatient department, experts, and time of visit in turn, and submit the confirmation … In a word, Ms. Chen has completed all the procedures of online appointment and registration.

"It’s really convenient to see a doctor now! After the online appointment is successful, show the gossip health code, and after entering the hospital through temperature measurement, you can sit directly in front of the clinic and wait for the call. " Convenient, fast, smooth and comfortable, it has now become a medical experience for Xiamen citizens.

In order to solve the problem of registration, improve the medical environment and enhance the medical experience of citizens, Xiamen began to build an appointment system in 2009 to support citizens to make appointments by telephone, website and hospital self-service machines. "With the development of information technology, citizens’ demand for multi-channel, efficient and convenient reservation platforms is also rising." Ye Lishan, director of Xiamen Health and Medical Big Data Center, introduced that since 2014, Xiamen has built and launched a unified outpatient appointment platform in the city, and launched a number of online appointment channels such as WeChat WeChat official account and APP while realizing the unified management of hospital appointment sources in the city.

In addition to building more yuan and more convenient online booking platform, Xiamen has also continuously optimized and reformed the treatment process of various hospitals. Ye Wei introduced, "We will make the online appointment time accurate to minutes. Patients can make an online appointment for the hospital number source, and after arriving at the hospital, they can wait for the call directly according to the appointment time, without having to make a second sign-in."

According to statistics, up to now, the online booking platforms for outpatient clinics in Xiamen have served more than 57.95 million people. Among them, since the beginning of this year, 2.3 million people have achieved medical treatment through online appointments.

Remote consultation is efficient and convenient.

Three-dimensional reconstruction of lung CT images by AR technology.

Frontline doctors collect cases, upload image data in real time, and MDT multidisciplinary experts consult to determine the best treatment plan … Recently, the 5G Smart Medical Innovation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University conducted a remote consultation with a COVID-19 patient in Yunnan Infectious Diseases Hospital through the technology of "internet plus Smart Medical".

Tao Bo, deputy director of the outpatient office of the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, introduced that during the remote consultation, many lung CT images were captured from the Internet Cloud Hospital of the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, and the three-dimensional reconstruction was completed by AR technology. "Experts only need to wear AR glasses, so that the two-dimensional picture can be three-dimensional, and the organ, lesion shape and fine structure can be presented in 360-degree HD, and patients can get accurate and personalized diagnosis and treatment."

In addition to AR technology, 5G technology is also applied in remote consultation. On January 29th, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University and China Mobile Yunnan Company launched the online free diagnosis and treatment platform for pneumonia in novel coronavirus based on 5G network. More than 20 experts make online diagnosis and treatment every day, and make remote diagnosis for patients to avoid cluster infection caused by a large number of patients.

Shortly after the platform was launched, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University issued a smart diagnosis and treatment list for a critically ill patient in COVID-19. It was a 66-year-old patient who was transferred from the isolation treatment point to Baoshan People’s Hospital because of the sudden deterioration of his condition. After receiving the application for assistance from Baoshan People’s Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University organized three remote multidisciplinary expert consultations within 24 hours, and successfully rescued the patient from the dying line.

Tao Bo introduced that Internet technology has provided support for the real realization of the Internet medical service mode of "primary examination, superior diagnosis, superior prescription and primary treatment" and the graded diagnosis and treatment mode of "primary diagnosis, two-way referral, rapid and slow division, and up-and-down linkage". "As long as there is a network, we can treat patients anytime and anywhere. For some areas with relatively weak medical standards, remote diagnosis and treatment has broken the time and space restrictions, allowing people to enjoy quality medical services at their doorstep. "

Fine management of online payment

Realization of "internet plus Medical Insurance" Payment Based on Face Recognition Technology

"It’s very convenient. You can pay for it and use medical insurance on your mobile phone, so you don’t have to wait in line at the hospital." Aunt Jing, a resident of Jinan City, Shandong Province, suffers from high blood pressure. It was inconvenient to go to the hospital to prescribe medicine and pay fees every month. Today, she can use her mobile phone to consult, buy medicine and pay in internet hospitals, eliminating the need to travel back and forth.

Aunt Jing is the beneficiary of Shandong Internet medical insurance big health service platform. In April this year, the platform was put into trial operation in Jinan, which realized the integration of online payment and settlement of medical insurance based on medical insurance electronic certificate and face recognition technology.

According to reports, on this platform, after the patient is authenticated by face recognition, the doctor can retrieve the patient’s electronic medical records for the past three months and prescribe online. In the future, the platform will build a comprehensive medical security service system of "internet plus medical insurance+medical care+medicine" to meet the diverse medical needs of disabled people, chronically ill patients, disadvantaged groups and 23 million elderly people in Shandong Province, such as online consultation, follow-up visit to buy medicines, continuation of chronic diseases, medical insurance payment and settlement, and home delivery of medicines.

Other regions are also actively exploring "internet plus Medical Insurance" payment. As early as 2018, Tongxiang City, Zhejiang Province included Wuzhen Internet Hospital in the scope of designated medical institutions for basic medical insurance in the city. Insured patients in this city can use medical insurance for reimbursement when they see a doctor in this hospital. In February of this year, Tianjin Medical Insurance Bureau issued a document to incorporate Internet medical services into the entity designated medical institutions it relies on to implement unified medical insurance agreement management. Since the beginning of this year, many designated medical insurance hospitals in Beijing have opened Internet diagnosis and treatment services, and insured patients can make online follow-up visits, prescribe medicines, and make online real-time medical insurance settlement.

In order to further promote the development of "Internet+medical care" and meet the diverse medical needs of the masses, in March this year, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued "Opinions on Deepening the Reform of Medical Security System", demanding the establishment of an effective and efficient medical insurance payment mechanism, innovating the management of medical insurance agreements, and supporting the development of new service models such as "Internet+medical care".

"On the one hand, the payment of’ internet plus Medical Insurance’ solves the problem that people can’t use medical insurance for online medical treatment, on the other hand, it also enables emerging Internet hospitals to get medical insurance support, which is conducive to further developing online medical services." He Bin, a special researcher at the Center for Public Policy Research of China Academy of Social Sciences, believes that some experience has been gained from exploration in various places, but the key to a stable and far-reaching "internet plus medical insurance" is to formulate a standardized charging method for Internet medical services, and do a fine management of medical insurance reimbursement to ensure that every medical insurance expenditure is implemented. (Reporter Shao Yuzi, Li Maoying, Shen Shaotie)

　　Cctv newsAccording to the Hydrological Center of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, at 8: 00 on September 4th, there were still four rivers, namely, Qingwan River, Zhuer River, Yujiang River and Yichang River, which were tributaries of Nanliu River, exceeding the police by 0.26 ~ 1.46 meters.

　　Affected by the subsequent heavy rainfall of Typhoon Sura No.9, Nanliu River and its tributary Qingwan River rose again. It is estimated that the main stream of Nanliu River will continue to rise by 1-2 meters in the next 4-12 hours, in which the flood exceeding the warning level will be about 1.5 meters in the reach of Zhangmu Town (warning level 62.7 meters) in Fumin District of Nanliu River, about 0.8 meters in the reach of Bobai County (warning level 50.2 meters) and about 0.8 meters in the reach of Yulin City, a tributary of Qingwan River (warning level 74.6 meters).

　　The Hydrological Center of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region continued to issue a blue flood warning at 8: 00 on September 4, reminding Yulin, Guigang, Wuzhou and other cities and the above-mentioned areas along the Yangtze River and the public to strengthen their prevention and avoid risks in time.

"Network security is for the people, and network security depends on the people", implement the principle of "Four Persistences", grasp new requirements and show new achievements.

CCTV’s "simulcast+"invites you to study together and work hard to jointly strengthen the construction of network security system.

(Central Radio and Television General Station CCTV Network)

Urban public space has played an irreplaceable multi-function in urban life since its birth, and it is an important place to prosper urban life, highlight urban connotation and reshape urban integrity. At present, China’s urban development has entered an important period from "with or without" to "with or without". Urban public space is one of the most valuable resources to be developed in the city. Revitalizing the existing public space as a carrier to create a green, livable, convenient, inclusive and shared urban life community is not only closely related to the construction and governance of urban space, but also closely related to people’s happy life.

Taking urban renewal as the guide to realize quality improvement and efficiency improvement of public space

During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, China’s urban development has entered an important period of urban renewal. An important feature of urban renewal is to change the development mode of large-scale urban construction in the past, and turn to pay equal attention to stock upgrading and incremental structural adjustment. In the process of urban renewal, it is particularly important to respect the law of urban development and develop the value of urban public space resources. From the perspective of local practice, there are mainly three ways.

● Activate old factories or transform old blocks.

By activating old factories or transforming old blocks, the functional quality and humanistic connotation will be promoted and rejuvenated.

At present, it has become a major trend to turn old workshops into art spaces, transform abandoned industrial parks into theme parks, and update old houses and streets into cultural blocks in the center of the city.

For example, in 2021, beijing municipal commission of development and reform approved three typical demonstration projects, namely, the demonstration base of hard science and technology industry in the city sub-center, the permanent meeting place of Beijing International Design Week in Zhangjiawan design town, and the sci-fi industrial cluster in Shougang, which supported the development of high-tech industries. At the same time, it also started important life service street renovation projects, such as Baitasi block, and reconstructed the streetscape of the old city through hardware infrastructure renovation and business upgrading.

● Strengthen green ecological restoration and return to landscape cities.

By transforming the space around the lake and the river, we can return the river to the people, the lake to the people, the shore to the people, and the scenery to the people.

For example, the public spaces on both sides of the Huangpu River in Shanghai have been upgraded and improved, and efforts have been made to create charming waterfront spaces that can be walked, read and have temperature; The plan of "Two Rivers and Four Shores" in Wuhan proposes to connect the coastline, integrate the dock facilities and leave more coastal space for the citizens. The public space upgrading project on the left bank of Yongding River in Beijing uses the waterfront space resources of Yongding River, integrates water conservancy culture, Shougang industrial culture, Fengsha railway culture, Olympic culture, etc., builds an open exhibition corridor, and creates a new bright spot in the Yongding River cultural belt in Xishan.

● Open the unit courtyard and build a complete green public space system.

Through "seamless connection" between courtyard greening and urban greening, we will further fill the shortcomings of infrastructure, create an open block, and realize returning green to the people and sharing facilities.

Since 2015, Changsha, Suqian, Zhengzhou, Quzhou, Taizhou and other places have successively launched the action of opening the unit courtyard. Through high-level overall planning and systematic planning, the greening roads and facilities in the unit courtyard have been made public, and a public park green space system with activity space and service function has been created.

The above three ways are to fully develop and utilize the functions of urban public space through upgrading and transformation, to promote the realization of green, livable, open, inclusive and shared high-quality living environment, to give residents more space for fitness, leisure and public communication, and to make people’s life in the city more convenient, comfortable and better. This is the basic essence of urban renewal, and it is also the inevitable follow for the high-quality development of urban human settlements.

Building a public space governance system with urban governance as the starting point

In essence, urban renewal is no longer a simple process of urban construction, but a process of urban governance, which involves the whole cycle of urban planning, construction, management, operation and service. At present, China has entered a new stage of high-quality development, and it has also reached an important juncture in the transformation from urban management to urban governance. From the perspective of local practice, it is mainly reflected in three aspects.

● Give full play to the main role of the government in the renovation and governance of urban public space.

On the one hand, strengthen the important role of the government in top-level design, and ensure that all policies and plans can be fully and effectively implemented through the government’s coercive power, overall planning and organizational support; On the other hand, we should give play to the important functions of government system integration, supervision and assessment, and ensure the overall and systematic progress of all work.

For example, some cities regard the urban public space governance project as a popular project of the government, which is included in the key content of doing practical things for the masses, and incorporated into the relevant assessment scope of civilized city construction, garden city construction and urban comprehensive management evaluation to be restrained and standardized to ensure the smooth implementation of the project.

● Build a collaborative governance platform with multiple participation.

The renovation and governance of urban public space needs to pay more attention to the relationship between governance subjects. By building a collaborative governance platform with multiple participation, the division of responsibilities of multiple subjects is refined, and corresponding standards and incentives are introduced to realize the marketization and socialization path of urban public space management, service and operation.

Taking the "property city" in Hengqin New District of Zhuhai as an example, the government has outsourced the whole urban public services through the "property city", and the general operator of urban public services has built a platform through the Urban Governance Committee, which has become an important bridge connecting the government, the market and the society. At the same time, it has also provided the whole process management, service and operation for urban public space, public resources and public projects, built a professional platform for urban governance, and built a clear responsibility, partnership and symbiosis.

● Explore a standardized, normalized, scientific and intelligent governance mechanism for urban public space renewal.

The difference between governance and management reflects system governance, legal governance, source governance and comprehensive policy. In the process of exploring urban public space governance, all localities also improve the efficiency of urban system linkage and overall operation by reshaping urban governance structure, optimizing urban governance process and promoting urban governance technology innovation.

For example, Beijing’s transition from "whistling in the streets and towns, reporting to departments" to "handling complaints immediately" and the current active governance is not only a process of changing governance concepts and diversifying governance subjects, but also reflects the upgrading of governance methods and means, focusing on scientific, intelligent and refined efforts.

At present, the construction of new urban infrastructure promoted by various places aims to build an important tool and platform for urban governance through the application of digital, intelligent and networked technologies, and also provide important technical support for ensuring the safe and orderly operation of public spaces and accurate and efficient services.

From the above three aspects, changes in governance concepts, governance systems and governance methods can reshape the environmental order of urban public spaces, make the renovation and governance of urban public spaces more in line with the laws of urban development and people’s needs for a better life, and truly reflect the systematic thinking of urban governance and the value concept of organic life.

Promoting the Co-construction and Sharing of Public Space Based on Co-creation

Urban public space is an important carrier of the close relationship between man and nature, the main place for residents to carry out social communication, and also an important place to build a beautiful environment and a happy life in the city.

Driven by the current concept of urban development, the co-creation of a beautiful environment and a happy life has become an important model and an important follow-up to promote residents’ participation in building a beautiful living environment, which can further promote the co-construction and sharing of urban public spaces. From the perspective of local practice, it can be summarized into three forms.

● Participate in the design and construction of public space.

Community is a place where residents live for a long time, and the affairs of the community are closely related to the residents. The renewal and transformation of communities should guide residents to take the initiative to participate.

For example, many "Participatory Design Workshops" were held in Beijing Changying Small Green Space Renewal Project, and residents were invited to participate in the garden design. Under the guidance of designers, residents expressed their demand for space and suggestions and opinions on the preliminary scheme through group discussion. After the scheme integration, the functional design of "Rose Fairy Tale Garden" was finally determined, and many residents participated in it from the start of the garden to the construction, through painting bottles, paving turf, building flower ponds and building together.

● Build the environmental order of public space together.

On the one hand, in the process of community renewal and transformation, the way of mobilizing residents to contribute money, materials, efforts and methods can change residents’ attitude towards maintaining public environment and order to a certain extent, and promote residents to cherish the fruits of hard work and continuously maintain a beautiful community environment; On the other hand, under the background of community governance led by Party building, we should give full play to the political mobilization and organizational co-ordination of grass-roots party organizations, and jointly promote the maintenance of environmental order in the neighborhood by building a party building alliance of all units in the street. At the same time, community party member double registration, community volunteer activities and social organization participation have also played an important role in guiding garbage sorting and promoting the creation of green communities.

Remodeling the public spirit of urban public space

The essence of urban public space is not the architectural form or landscape style it shows, but the rich and even different urban life it contains. It is this rich and diverse life style that inspires the vitality of public space and reshapes the social structure of public space.

For example, in the scene of community co-governance, Chengdu strengthens residents’ awareness of participation, promotes communication and builds an "acquaintance community" by taking interest activation as the guide and various community activities as the carrier. On this basis, it inspires residents to pay attention to and participate in public affairs independently, and gradually realizes the transformation from "acquaintance community" to "well-ordered community".

The above three forms are all based on urban public space, and more residents are encouraged to participate in the co-construction, co-governance and sharing of public space through organizational participation, party building guidance and scene creation, so as to reshape public spirit and social order.

The author is the National Mayor Training College (Cadre College of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development)

Original Zhi Ling Jie’s children’s medicine circle

We often say that the full name of the flu is influenza. The symptoms of the flu are similar to those of the common cold, accompanied by high fever (above 39℃), sore throat, cough, sneezing, runny nose, headache, muscle pain, general fatigue and other symptoms. Compared with the common cold, the flu has a faster onset, stronger infectivity and more serious symptoms. Vaccination is an effective measure to prevent influenza virus. Children aged 6 months to 2 years are high-risk groups, so parents are advised to actively vaccinate their children. September-October is the best time to vaccinate them. Parents should pay attention to the arrival of local influenza vaccines and make an appointment in advance. Recently, many parents have consulted some questions about influenza vaccine in the background, and summarized them, hoping to help everyone.

Will influenza vaccination reduce immunity?

Influenza vaccine will not reduce immunity.

Under normal circumstances, the human body is not immune to influenza virus. It is suggested to vaccinate against influenza every year because vaccination can enhance the "immunity". However, with the passage of time, the protective power of the vaccine gradually weakens and the immunity returns to the normal level, not because the vaccine reduces the body’s immunity.

Is trivalent good or tetravalent good?

At present, China’s "influenza virus split vaccine" and "influenza virus subunit vaccine" are trivalent, and "tetravalent influenza virus split vaccine" is tetravalent.

Four-valent inactivated vaccine has one more protection of influenza B virus than trivalent inactivated vaccine, so it is suggested to choose tetravalent inactivated vaccine first. However, if there is only trivalent vaccine in the local area, it is not recommended to postpone vaccination in order to wait for tetravalent vaccine.

It is best to use the same vaccine to complete the vaccination procedure in the same flu season, but if the first vaccine is out of stock, other vaccines can be used to complete the vaccination procedure, such as the first vaccine is tetravalent, the second vaccine is trivalent, or the first vaccine is viral, and the second vaccine is subunit, or vaccines from other manufacturers can be used.

Why do you get the flu after vaccination?

There are many types of influenza viruses, and influenza vaccines only cover the most common types, so the efficacy against influenza is not 100%;

The incubation period of influenza is usually 1~4 days. If you are infected before you produce enough antibodies, you may get the flu.

Other diseases such as the common cold can produce flu-like symptoms, and flu vaccines can’t prevent these diseases.

How many doses should I get the flu vaccine?

Children and adults over 9 years old only need one dose even for the first time;

Children ≥6 months and < 9 years old should receive 2 doses of influenza vaccine for the first time (at least 4 weeks apart, not both doses at one time); If the first dose was inoculated at the age of 8 years and 11 months, the second dose should be inoculated after 4 weeks;

Children ≥6 months and < 9 years old have been vaccinated with one dose of influenza vaccine in the past. Both China’s CDC and the Hong Kong Department of Health recommend one dose this flu season, while the US CDC recommends two doses.

Children ≥6 months and < 9 years old who have been vaccinated with two doses of influenza vaccine in the past (trivalent or tetravalent, whether they were vaccinated in the same flu season or two consecutive flu seasons) and the interval is ≥4 weeks, only one dose is required in this flu season. In other words, two doses of trivalent vaccine were inoculated before, and one dose of tetravalent vaccine was enough for the first time this year.

Can I get an "adult dose" if I am under 3 years old?

Children under the age of 3 can be vaccinated against influenza. Sometimes there is no vaccine under the age of 3 in the local area, so the staff may say that they can’t fight.

"Adult dose" influenza vaccine refers to a vaccine with a dose of 0.5 mL, and some vaccine instructions believe that the vaccine is used for adults and children over 36 months old. Although the experiment shows that there is no significant difference in safety, reactivity, local or systemic adverse reactions between children aged 6-35 months using 0.5mL dose and using 0.25mL dose of tetravalent inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV4), they should still be vaccinated at the age suggested in the instructions.

Note: The concept of "dosage" is different from that of "dosage times". The influenza vaccine listed in China, 0.25 mL dose is suitable for children aged 6~35 months, and 0.5 mL dose is suitable for children and adults aged 3 years and above. Children who need two doses of 0.25 mL influenza vaccine should be divided into two doses with an interval of ≥4 weeks (28 days), instead of one dose of 0.5ml..

How long should the interval between the second and first doses be?

The contents of the instructions are usually based on the results of clinical trials, and it is suggested that the interval between two stitches should be 2~4 weeks. The guidelines are recommended based on the latest research data, and it is recommended that the interval be at least 4 weeks. For children who need two injections, the instructions in the guide should prevail, and the interval should be at least 4 weeks.

Antibodies with protective level can usually be produced after 2~4 weeks of influenza vaccination. If the interval between the second dose and the first dose is more than 4 weeks, the time to produce antibodies with protective level will be delayed accordingly, but the final effect will not be affected. Just make up the second dose as soon as possible.

Can I take anti-influenza drugs after vaccination?

Inactivated influenza vaccine can be inoculated during the prevention and treatment of influenza antiviral drugs. However, live attenuated influenza vaccine should not be inoculated within 48 hours after using influenza antiviral drugs;

If you have been vaccinated with live attenuated influenza vaccine, you should not use antiviral drugs to prevent influenza within 14 days (if necessary, you can treat it) because antiviral drugs will affect the immune effect of live attenuated influenza vaccine.

Original title: "Parents are most concerned about these issues about influenza vaccine"

Read the original text

November 18, 2016 Caiku [2016] No.198

Relevant departments of the CPC Central Committee, the State Council ministries and commissions, directly affiliated institutions, General Office of the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC), General Office of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, High Court, Supreme People’s Procuratorate, relevant people’s organizations, finance departments (bureaus) of all provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government and cities with separate plans, procurement centers of directly under the authority in the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, government procurement centers of central state organs, procurement centers of organs of the National People’s Congress, centralized procurement centers of State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China, materials and equipment procurement centers of the General Administration of Customs, centralized procurement centers of the People’s Bank of China and police equipment procurement centers of the Ministry of Public Security.

　　The measures for the administration of government procurement evaluation experts formulated by the Ministry of Finance are hereby printed and distributed to you, please follow them.

　　Annex: Measures for the Administration of Government Procurement Evaluation Experts

　　CC: Offices of the Financial Ombudsman of the Ministry of Finance in all provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government and cities under separate state planning.

Attachment:

Measures for the administration of government procurement review experts

Chapter I General Provisions

　　Article 1 In order to strengthen the management of government procurement evaluation activities and standardize the evaluation behavior of government procurement evaluation experts (hereinafter referred to as evaluation experts), these Measures are formulated in accordance with the People’s Republic of China (PRC) Government Procurement Law (hereinafter referred to as the Government Procurement Law), the People’s Republic of China (PRC) Government Procurement Law Implementation Regulations (hereinafter referred to as the Government Procurement Law Implementation Regulations) and other laws, regulations and relevant provisions.

　　Article 2 The term "evaluation experts" as mentioned in these Measures refers to those who are selected by the financial department of the people’s government at or above the provincial level, participate in the evaluation of government procurement in an independent capacity, and are included in the management of the evaluation expert database. These Measures shall apply to the selection, dismissal, extraction, use, supervision and management of evaluation experts.

　　Article 3 The evaluation experts shall follow the management principles of unified standards, separation of management and random selection.

　　Article 4 The Ministry of Finance shall be responsible for formulating the national unified professional classification standards for evaluation experts and the standards for the construction of evaluation expert database, and building and managing the national evaluation expert database.

　　The financial department of the provincial people’s government is responsible for the construction of the local evaluation expert database and the implementation of dynamic management, and the interconnection and resource sharing with the national evaluation expert database.

　　The financial departments of the people’s governments at all levels shall perform their duties of supervision and management of the evaluation experts according to law.

　　Chapter II Selection and Dismissal of Appraisal Experts

　　Article 5 The financial departments of the people’s governments at or above the provincial level shall select and appoint evaluation experts through public solicitation, unit recommendation and self-recommendation.

　　Article 6 Evaluation experts shall meet the following conditions:

　　(1) Having good professional ethics, being honest and self-disciplined, abiding by discipline and law, and having no bad credit records such as bribery, bribery and fraud;

　　(two) with intermediate professional titles or equivalent professional level and engaged in related fields for 8 years, or with senior professional titles or equivalent professional level;

　　(three) familiar with government procurement related policies and regulations;

　　(four) China citizens who promise to participate in the evaluation work in an independent capacity, perform the duties of evaluation experts according to law and bear corresponding legal responsibilities;

　　(five) under the age of 70, healthy, able to undertake the review work;

　　(six) within three years before applying to become an expert, there is no record of bad behavior as stipulated in Article 29 of these Measures.

　　The conditions listed in items (2) and (5) of the preceding paragraph may be appropriately relaxed for the majors with a small number of experts.

　　Article 7 A person who meets the requirements as stipulated in Article 6 of these Measures and voluntarily applies to become an evaluation expert (hereinafter referred to as the applicant) shall provide the following application materials:

　　(1) Resume, application and letter of commitment signed by me;

　　(2) Academic degree certificate, professional title certificate or certification materials with equivalent professional level;

　　(3) A valid certificate to prove my identity;

　　(four) I think it is necessary to apply for withdrawal of information;

　　(five) other materials as prescribed by the financial department of the people’s government at or above the provincial level.

　　Article 8 An applicant shall apply for accreditation according to his major or specialty.

　　Article 9 The financial department of the people’s government at or above the provincial level shall review the application materials submitted by the applicant, the declared evaluation major and credit information, and select qualified experts to be included in the evaluation expert database management.

　　Article 10 If the work unit, contact information, professional titles and information to be avoided of the evaluation experts change, it shall timely apply to the financial department of the people’s government at or above the provincial level for changing the relevant information.

　　Eleventh experts in any of the following circumstances, the financial department of the people’s government at or above the provincial level shall be dismissed:

　　(a) does not meet the conditions stipulated in article sixth of these measures;

　　(two) I apply to no longer serve as an expert;

　　(3) There is a record of bad behavior as stipulated in Article 29 of these Measures;

　　(4) Being subject to criminal punishment.

　　Chapter III Selection and Use of Appraisal Experts

　　Article 12 A purchaser or procurement agency shall randomly select evaluation experts from the evaluation expert database established by the financial department of the people’s government at or above the provincial level.

　　If the number of relevant experts in the evaluation expert database cannot be guaranteed to be randomly selected, the purchaser or procurement agency can recommend qualified personnel, and then randomly select them after being audited and hired.

　　Thirteenth procurement projects with complex technology and strong professionalism, it is difficult to determine the appropriate evaluation experts through random methods, and with the consent of the competent budget unit, the purchaser can choose the evaluation experts in the corresponding professional fields by himself.

　　Those who choose their own evaluation experts shall give priority to the evaluation experts outside their own units.

　　Fourteenth in addition to competitive negotiation, competitive consultation procurement, as well as off-site evaluation of the project, the purchaser or procurement agency to select experts to review the start time in principle shall not be earlier than 2 working days before the start of the evaluation activities.

　　Article 15 The purchaser or procurement agency shall announce the review discipline before the review activities begin, and file the written documents recording the review discipline as the procurement documents.

　　Sixteenth evaluation experts and suppliers to participate in procurement activities have one of the following interests, should be avoided:

　　(1) Having had labor relations with suppliers within three years before participating in procurement activities, or having served as a director or supervisor of suppliers, or being a controlling shareholder or actual controller of suppliers;

　　(2) Having husband and wife, lineal blood relatives, collateral blood relatives within three generations or close in-laws with the legal representative or person in charge of the supplier;

　　(three) there are other relationships with suppliers that may affect the fairness and impartiality of government procurement activities.

　　If the evaluation experts find that they are interested in the suppliers participating in procurement activities, they should take the initiative to withdraw. If the purchaser or procurement agency finds that the evaluation experts have an interest in suppliers participating in procurement activities, they shall be required to withdraw.

　　Except as provided in Article 13 of these Measures, the evaluation experts can only participate in the evaluation activities as representatives of the purchaser for the government procurement projects of this unit.

　　The staff of government procurement supervision and management of financial departments at all levels shall not participate in the evaluation activities of government procurement projects as evaluation experts.

　　Article 17 If the number of experts on the review site does not meet the requirements due to the absence or avoidance of the review experts, the purchaser or procurement agency shall make up the review experts in time, or select and make up the review experts by itself with the consent of the competent budget unit of the purchaser. If it is impossible to make up the evaluation experts in time, the purchaser or procurement agency shall immediately stop the evaluation work, properly keep the procurement documents, and re-establish the bid evaluation committee, negotiation team, inquiry team and consultation team for evaluation according to law.

　　Article 18 Evaluation experts shall strictly abide by the discipline of evaluation work, and conduct independent evaluation according to the evaluation procedures, evaluation methods and evaluation standards stipulated in the procurement documents in accordance with the principles of objectivity, impartiality and prudence.

　　When the evaluation experts find that the contents of the procurement documents violate the relevant mandatory provisions of the state or the procurement documents are ambiguous or have major defects, which makes the evaluation work impossible, they shall stop the evaluation and explain the situation in writing to the purchaser or procurement agency.

　　The evaluation experts shall cooperate with the suppliers to answer their inquiries, questions and complaints, and shall not disclose the evaluation documents, evaluation situation and business secrets learned in the evaluation process.

　　If the evaluation experts find that the supplier has committed illegal acts such as bribery, providing false materials or collusion, they shall report to the financial department in time.

　　Experts who have been illegally interfered in the evaluation process shall report to the finance and supervision departments in a timely manner.

　　Nineteenth evaluation experts should sign the evaluation report and bear legal responsibility for their own evaluation opinions. If there are disputes on matters that need to be jointly identified, the conclusion shall be made according to the principle that the minority is subordinate to the majority. If there is any objection to the review report, it shall sign different opinions on the review report and explain the reasons, otherwise it shall be regarded as agreeing to the review report.

　　Twentieth the list of evaluation experts shall be kept confidential before the announcement of the evaluation results. After the completion of the evaluation activities, the purchaser or procurement agency shall announce the list of evaluation experts together with the results of winning the bid and closing the transaction, and mark the evaluation experts selected by themselves.

　　The financial departments at all levels, the purchaser and the relevant staff of the procurement agency shall not disclose the personal information of the evaluation experts.

　　Twenty-first buyers or procurement agencies shall, within 5 working days after the end of the evaluation activities, record the performance of the duties of the evaluation experts in the government procurement credit evaluation system.

　　Evaluation experts can query the record of their duties in the government procurement credit evaluation system, and explain the relevant situation.

　　The financial department of the people’s government at or above the provincial level may set the ladder extraction probability according to factors such as the performance of the evaluation experts.

　　Twenty-second evaluation experts shall, within 5 working days after the end of the evaluation activities, record the performance of the duties of the purchaser or the procurement agency in the government procurement credit evaluation system.

　　Twenty-third projects in the centralized procurement catalogue shall be paid by the centralized procurement institution for the labor remuneration of the evaluation experts; For projects outside the centralized procurement catalogue, the purchaser shall pay the labor remuneration of the evaluation experts.

　　Article 24 The financial department of the people’s government at the provincial level shall, according to the actual situation, formulate the remuneration standards for the evaluation experts in this region. The central budget unit shall pay the labor remuneration of the evaluation experts according to the standards of the place where the unit is located or where the evaluation activities are located.

　　Twenty-fifth evaluation experts to participate in the evaluation of different places, the round-trip inter-city transportation, accommodation and other actual expenses, according to the corresponding standards of travel management measures implemented by the purchaser to the purchaser or centralized procurement institutions credentials reimbursement.

　　Twenty-sixth evaluation experts leave the evaluation site without completing the evaluation work, or there are illegal acts in the evaluation activities, and shall not receive labor remuneration and reimbursement of travel expenses for evaluation in different places. Personnel other than the evaluation experts shall not receive remuneration for evaluation services.

　　Chapter IV Supervision and Management of Appraisal Experts

　　Twenty-seventh review experts not in accordance with the provisions of the procurement documents review procedures, methods and standards for independent review or disclosure of review documents, review, by the financial sector to give a warning, and impose a fine of 2000 yuan to 20 thousand yuan; Those who affect the bid-winning and transaction results will be fined between 20,000 yuan and 50,000 yuan, and will be prohibited from participating in government procurement evaluation activities.

　　If there is an interest relationship between the evaluation experts and suppliers, they will be fined between 20,000 yuan and 50,000 yuan, and they will be prohibited from participating in government procurement evaluation activities.

　　If the evaluation experts accept bribes from purchasers, procurement agencies or suppliers or obtain other illegitimate interests, which constitutes a crime, they shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law; If it does not constitute a crime, it shall be fined between 20,000 yuan and 50,000 yuan, and it shall be prohibited from participating in government procurement evaluation activities.

　　The evaluation experts have the above-mentioned illegal acts, and their evaluation opinions are invalid; Illegal income, confiscate the illegal income; If losses are caused to others, they shall bear civil liability according to law.

　　Twenty-eighth buyers, procurement agencies found that the evaluation experts have illegal acts, they should promptly report to the financial department of the purchaser.

　　Twenty-ninth applicants or evaluation experts in any of the following circumstances, included in the record of bad behavior:

　　(1) Failing to conduct independent evaluation according to the evaluation procedures, evaluation methods and evaluation standards stipulated in the procurement documents;

　　(two) disclosure of review documents, review;

　　(3) Having an interest relationship with the supplier and not avoiding it;

　　(4) Accepting bribes from purchasers, procurement agencies or suppliers or obtaining other illegitimate interests;

　　(5) Providing false application materials;

　　(6) Refusing to perform legal obligations such as cooperating with suppliers to answer inquiries, queries and complaints;

　　(seven) to engage in activities that undermine the credibility of government procurement as an expert.

　　Thirtieth buyers or procurement agencies that fail to select and use evaluation experts in accordance with the provisions of these Measures shall be investigated for legal responsibility in accordance with the Government Procurement Law and relevant laws and regulations.

　　Article 31 If any staff member of the financial department abuses his power, neglects his duty, engages in malpractices for personal gain and other violations of law and discipline in the evaluation of expert management, he shall be investigated for corresponding responsibilities in accordance with the relevant provisions of the State, such as the Government Procurement Law, the Civil Service Law, the Administrative Supervision Law and the Regulations for the Implementation of the Government Procurement Law. Those suspected of committing a crime shall be transferred to judicial organs for handling.

　　Chapter V Supplementary Provisions

　　Thirty-second representatives of the purchaser participating in the evaluation activities and the management of evaluation experts selected by the purchaser according to law shall be implemented with reference to these measures.

　　Article 33 Where the State has other provisions on the selection and selection of evaluation experts, such provisions shall prevail.

　　Thirty-fourth financial departments of the provincial people’s governments may, in accordance with the provisions of these measures, formulate specific implementation measures.

　　Article 35 The Ministry of Finance shall be responsible for the interpretation of these Measures.

　　Article 36 These Measures shall come into force as of January 1, 2017. The Measures for the Administration of Government Procurement Evaluation Experts issued by the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Supervision on November 17, 2003 (Caiku [2003] No.119) shall be abolished at the same time.