Editor’s note:

　　　　　　　　In a (provincial) Wushu competition attended by middle school students, 800 people participated, and nearly 400 people were eligible to apply for national second-class athletes. What a paradoxical game will this be?

　　　　　　　　The outside world questioned that "there must be something fishy", but the official insisted that "there is no fraud" and said that "(our) martial arts foundation is good."

　　　　　　　　Is there more "martial arts masters" in Henan middle schools, or is there something fishy? As long as the "lid" of the game is lifted, you can see it clearly.

In Xinxiang No.1 Middle School, 67 candidates got extra points for sports this year, 64 of whom were "martial arts masters" and were questioned for fraud. 澎湃 trainee reporter Duan Yanchao

The list of "Henan Province 2013 Youth Traditional Wushu Championship", which was accused of fraud and "wholesale" national second-class athletes. 澎湃 trainee reporter Duan Yanchao

　　　　　　　　Recently, the national second-class athletes’ sports extra points in the college entrance examination in Benxi City, Liaoning Province, were temporarily calmed down by 270 candidates in the province giving up their extra points. The "myth" that 74 candidates from Luohe High School in Henan Province got extra points in sports, accounting for 10% of the province, is still fermenting.

　　　　　　　　The Henan Provincial Sports Bureau insists that the extra points are in line with the procedures and there is no violation of regulations.

　　　　　　　　Oddly enough, a survey in The Paper (www.thepaper.cn) found that a total of 738 candidates in Henan won extra points in sports this year, and hundreds of them won the prize in the same competition "Henan Youth Traditional Wushu Championship 2013" and became second-class athletes, enjoying extra points.

　　　　　　　　Earlier, Henan Wushu Sports Management Center told Xinhua that 800 athletes participated in the competition, resulting in nearly 400 second-class athletes. Some netizens questioned the "wholesale" second-level athletes.

　　　　　　　　Why does this strange phenomenon occur? According to the investigation in The Paper, there is something fishy about the project setting and rules of the competition.

Relax the age of contestants.

　　　　　　　　At noon on July 2, the gate of the old campus of Luohe High School was closed. The red banner of "Warmly congratulate Qi Huarui on winning the top prize of liberal arts in Henan College Entrance Examination in 2014 with a score of 665" stands out in the sultry air.

　　　　　　　　Luohe High School, founded in 1948, has a history of 66 years.

　　　　　　　　"(Qi Huarui) is unprecedented, and it is the first provincial champion in history." A retired old teacher of the school smacked his mouth and said. In line with the turmoil that Huarui was also involved in the school’s sports bonus points, the old teacher’s face sank and he stopped talking.

　　　　　　　　According to Henan Admissions Examination Information Network, a total of 738 candidates in this province got extra points for sports this year.

　　　　　　　　The Paper inquired about the athletes’ grades one by one through the inquiry system of the State Sports General Administration. According to rough statistics, there are about 200 candidates in the five cities of Luohe, Xinxiang, Zhengzhou, Kaifeng and Luoyang, all of whom won the prize in the "Henan Youth Traditional Wushu Championship in 2013" and became second-class athletes, enjoying extra points.

　　　　　　　　According to public information, the organizer of the competition is Henan Sports Bureau, which is hosted by Henan Wushu Sports Management Center and Henan Institute of Science and Technology (note: located in Xinxiang), and the co-organizers are Xinxiang Wushu Association and Xinxiang No.1 Middle School. In previous years, the same competitions were held in Henan province.

　　　　　　　　Why can a martial arts competition produce so many extra candidates?

　　　　　　　　The competition rules issued by official website of Henan Wushu Association on May 30, 2013 show that the competition was held in Xinxiang City in July of that year, "adopting the Rules of Traditional Wushu Routine Competition (hereinafter referred to as" Rules ") approved by the Wushu Sports Management Center of the State Sports General Administration and the Chinese Wushu Association in August 2012".

　　　　　　　　According to the Rules, the nature of competitions can be divided into adult competitions, youth competitions and children’s competitions according to age. In the competition age group, the juvenile group is 12-17 years old and the youth group is 18-39 years old.

　　　　　　　　According to the competition regulations, the contestants were born after January 1, 1992 and before December 31, 1996, that is, they were between 16 years and 6 months and 21 years and 6 months when they participated in the competition.

　　　　　　　　This is neither in line with the youth group defined by the Rules nor with the juvenile group. Just before the competition, the lower age limit of the contestants was relaxed again.

　　　　　　　　On June 17, 2013, Henan Wushu Sports Management Center issued a supplementary notice: "In order to provide more opportunities for senior high school graduates to participate in the competition, the lower age limit for competition in Group A is relaxed to be born before December 31, 1997 with the approval of higher authorities (Editor’s note: the minimum age is 15 years and 6 months)".

　　　　　　　　The notice also specifically stated that it was "limited to fresh graduates in 2014".

　　　　　　　　Liu Zhe (not his real name), a teacher in a physical education institute of a university in Henan Province, said that students are studying early now, and some students in Grade Two and Grade Three are only fifteen or six years old, while the extra points for second-class athletes in the college entrance examination are only applicable to fresh graduates. It can be seen that the age limit for contestants is targeted.

Ingenious rules to increase awards: 800 participants, 980 awards.

　　　　　　　　On July 6th, the competition order book and prize-winning roster provided by Xinxiang Sports Bureau showed that 64 teams and 800 athletes participated in the competition, divided into 200 groups, and finally 980 prizes were awarded.

　　　　　　　　Most teams won a little more prizes than the athletes.

　　　　　　　　Why is this strange phenomenon?

　　　　　　　　According to the investigation in The Paper, it is mainly due to two provisions in the competition regulations. One: Each athlete must choose one boxing and one instrument in the same series at the same time (editor’s note: such as string punching knife and string punching), and those who report only one item will not be arranged. Two: More than 10 athletes in each group will be admitted to the top six, 8-10 will be admitted to the top five, 5-7 will be admitted to the top four, and less than 4 (including 4) will be admitted by subtracting one from the actual number of participants …

　　　　　　　　The list of winners shows that most groups have less than 10 people, and there are many 6 people or less. The Paper noticed that in many groups, except for the top three, the scores of the others were all zero, so "no points will be given", but this did not prevent them from winning prizes.

　　　　　　　　For example, six athletes from Xinxiang Wushu Association team all signed up for the women’s Taiping Boxing Group and Taiping Knife Beating Group. In Taiping Boxing Group, three athletes won the top three, while in Taiping Knife Beating Group, three other athletes won the top three, and all six won prizes. A similar situation is quite common.

　　　　　　　　Earlier, in an interview with Xinhua News Agency, the Henan Wushu Sports Management Center introduced that the top three players in each group can apply for second-class athletes. In the end, nearly 400 people in the whole competition were qualified to apply for second-class athletes.

　　　　　　　　In order to verify this figure, The Paper expressed his hope to take away the prize-winning roster and examine it carefully. Soon, the prize-winning roster was taken away by the staff of Xinxiang Sports Bureau and then stopped being interviewed.

　　　　　　　　According to public information, the competition was held in Xinxiang No.1 Middle School Gymnasium. A total of 5 teams from Xinxiang participated in the competition, including 5 teams from Team 1 to Team 5 of Xinxiang Wushu Association and 120 athletes. Among them, 64 students from Xinxiang No.1 Middle School and its branch schools got extra points for participating in the competition (editor’s note: 67 candidates from this school got extra points for physical education), and 22 students from the middle school attached to Henan Normal University got extra points for participating in the competition (editor’s note: 25 candidates from this school got extra points for physical education).

　　　　　　　　Many graduates of Xinxiang No.1 Middle School in 2014 said that only students with excellent grades are eligible to declare because of the limited number of extra points for practicing martial arts, including the best "Yanqing Class" in the third year of high school.

　　　　　　　　There are about 50 students in this "Yanqing class", which is the top 50 in our school and branch schools.

　　　　　　　　"Some students in the other two key science classes can choose to report, and only the top three in other classes are eligible to report." Student Zhu Lili (a pseudonym) said that she was not qualified. She heard that the registration fee was more than 10,000 yuan.

　　　　　　　　"They practice for about half an hour every day between classes or breaks from the second semester of high school. After less than half a year of practice, they will participate in the competition, and then they will not practice." Zhu Lili thinks it’s cost-effective to buy 10 cents for more than 10,000 yuan, because it can leave a large number of opponents behind. "This bonus is unfair to us and should be cleaned up."

　　　　　　　　Official website of Xinxiang No.1 Middle School showed that the school was in the top 15 in the college entrance examination this year, and 10 of them enjoyed extra points in sports, all of which were "martial arts". The Paper found that students from Luohe High School and the High School Attached to Henan Normal University who got extra points in this competition ranked the top in the college entrance examination.

"Tailored" entries

　　　　　　　　In the local forum in Xinxiang, there is a net post entitled "Yan Zhiguo, Chairman of Xinxiang Wushu Association, deceives his superiors and deceives his subordinates to falsely report the story of making a fortune in traditional Wushu projects".

　　　　　　　　According to the net post, in the 2013 Youth Traditional Wushu Championship in Henan Province, more than 100 athletes organized by Xinxiang Wushu Association reported that the events such as "stopping hand hammer boxing" and "Hei Hu Tongbei boxing (actually Hei Hu Tongbi boxing)" were very ingenious. "These kinds of boxing have never been heard of, and so many kinds of boxing have come out overnight."

　　　　　　　　According to the net post, all these events were attended by athletes from five teams of Xinxiang Wushu Association.In the boxing and equipment competitions, six athletes participated in the competition, and all of them finally got the second-class athlete certificate.

　　　　　　　　The poster also said that Yan Zhiguo took this opportunity to reach an agreement with the parents of the students in Xinxiang No.1 Middle School, Henan Normal University High School and surrounding colleges, and each student was charged an activity fee ranging from 13,000 yuan to 20,000 yuan to ensure that they passed the martial arts competition and obtained the second-class athlete certificate and added points. "The success rate is very high."

　　　　　　　　The Paper combed and found that 64 candidates from Xinxiang No.1 Middle School and its branch schools who got extra points through the competition participated in various events, such as "string punching knife", "string punching fist", "Hei Hu Tongbi knife", "Hei Hu Tongbi fist", "Kunlun knife", "Kunlun fist", "stop punching knife" and "stop punching fist".

　　　　　　　　Almost all the competitions in these groups are attended by athletes from Xinxiang Wushu Association.

　　　　　　　　On the phone, Yan Zhiguo told The Paper that the net post was not true. It said that the selection, grouping and referee selection of competition events were all decided by Henan Provincial Sports Bureau and Henan Wushu Sports Management Center. Xinxiang Wushu Association, as the Wushu Association where the event was held, only did some logistics work, such as arranging hotels.

　　　　　　　　Yan Zhiguo said that there are many schools of martial arts, and it is not possible to exclude a certain school from the competition just because the number of practitioners is small. Moreover, the selection procedure for the events of the 2013 Youth Traditional Wushu Championship in Henan Province is that the contestants first fill in the specific events of Wushu routines, and then stamp them at the local municipal sports bureau, and then send them to the Henan Provincial Sports Bureau, which will determine them according to factors such as the number of participants in each declared event, and the number will not be offered until the minimum number of applicants for the start of the competition.

　　　　　　　　The Paper reporter called the propagandist of Henan Provincial Sports Bureau, who said he was in a meeting first, but didn’t answer the phone. Earlier, the Henan Wushu Sports Management Center told Xinhua that the extra points were in line with the procedures and there were no irregularities.

　　　　　　　　Yan Zhiguo said that he, his family and Xinxiang Wushu Association have never received money directly from students or their parents, and have never reached an oral or written agreement with anyone to help them obtain the second-class athlete certificate. "Even if students have paid money for the competition, it is also a normal fee such as training fee paid to the school."

　　　　　　　　In this regard, Li Zhong, assistant principal of Xinxiang No.1 Middle School, said that he did not understand the charges.

　　　　　　　　The Paper noted that the competition order book showed that the director of the Organizing Committee was a deputy director of the Henan Provincial Sports Bureau, one of whom was a deputy mayor of Xinxiang City, and Yan Zhiguo was one of the two team leaders of the competition section.

　　　　　　　　The staff of Xinxiang Sports Bureau Office said that they set up an investigation team for the relevant reports, but Xinxiang No.1 Middle School, Henan Normal University High School and other units did not cooperate and could not see the relevant person in charge.

　　　　　　　　"We also have doubts." The staff member said that because the investigation has not yet ended, it cannot be qualitative.

Without clear technical indicators, Wushu has become a new "water injection point" for college entrance examination sports.

　　　　　　　　Liu Zhe told The Paper that the sports department often used the promotion of traditional martial arts as an excuse, but the fact is that few students would practice martial arts unless they scored extra points for the college entrance examination.

　　　　　　　　Liu Zhe believes that behind the "wholesale" of second-class athletes in individual Wushu competitions, the school needs candidates to sprint famous schools and the long-established interest chain. This impact is the fairness of the college entrance examination.

　　　　　　　　This year, it should have been the "reform year" for China to comprehensively standardize the college entrance examination.

　　　　　　　　In November 2010, the Ministry of Education, the State Sports General Administration and other departments jointly issued the "Notice on Adjusting Some College Entrance Examination Plus Items and Further Strengthening Management" to "slim down" the college entrance examination plus items. Among them, there are up to 10 sports bonus items, which are composed of 8 nationally recognized items (note: track and field, basketball, football, volleyball, table tennis, martial arts, swimming and badminton with high popularity and good exercise effect) and two optional items of provinces (cities).

　　　　　　　　However, the adjustment policy "applies to students who entered the first year of senior high school in the autumn of 2011", which means the fresh graduates in 2014.

　　　　　　　　This year, the sports bonus items in the college entrance examination in Henan Province have been reduced to eight nationally recognized items, compared with 27 in 2010 as reported by China Youth Daily and 30 in 2013 as reported by Henan Business Daily. However, according to online data, in 2010, there were 860 candidates who got extra points in college entrance examination in Henan Province, 864 in 2013 and 738 this year.

　　　　　　　　It can be seen that the sports bonus project has been "greatly slimmed down", and the number of candidates who have won sports bonus points has not decreased correspondingly.

　　　　　　　　In fact, after the announcement of the "reform" of the college entrance examination in 2010, there were voices questioning that there were two optional items in the "8+2" program, which should be more enjoyable. But even if you choose "8+0", there is still room for cutting, because martial arts events are difficult to judge. It’s not like running and high jumping, the results are clearly there. Although Wushu is the quintessence of the country and worth promoting, there is no clear technical index to judge it in the context of adding points to the college entrance examination. "Who can guarantee that it will not become a new’ water injection hole’?"

　　　　　　　　I didn’t think about it, and I became a prophecy.

　　Since the beginning of this year, China’s foreign trade has withstood the pressure and shown strong resilience: in the first 11 months, the total import and export value of goods trade was 37.96 trillion yuan, achieving positive growth year-on-year for two consecutive months, and the stabilization trend continued to consolidate.

　　As one of the "Troika" driving economic growth, foreign trade plays an important role in driving consumption, expanding employment and promoting economic growth.

　　In 2018 and 2022, the scale of foreign trade has successively passed the 30 trillion yuan and 40 trillion yuan mark. Since 2017, it has maintained its position as the largest country in goods trade for six consecutive years, and the trade volume of goods with countries that jointly built the "Belt and Road" has increased by 8% annually & hellip; … Since the new era, China’s foreign trade development has continuously achieved new breakthroughs.

　　"It is necessary to speed up the transition from a big trading country to a strong trading country, consolidate the traditional advantages of foreign trade, cultivate new competitive advantages, expand the development space of foreign trade and actively expand imports." On December 5, 2014, during the 19th collective study in the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, the important exposition of the Supreme Leader General Secretary pointed out the direction for promoting the high-quality development of foreign trade.

　　Since the new era, China’s position in global trade has improved significantly — —

　　During the decade from 2013 to 2022, a series of data confirmed the solid pace of China’s foreign trade development: in 2020, the total trade in goods and services surpassed the United States for the first time and became the largest trading country in the world; The import and export scale of cross-border e-commerce in China has increased from 1 trillion yuan in 2018 to 2 trillion yuan in 2022, entering a period of rapid development; In 2022, the international market share of exports further increased to 14.7%, ranking first in the world for 14 consecutive years … …

　　"The steadily expanding scale, continuously optimized structure and increasing international market share all confirm that the high-quality development of China’s foreign trade is fast and steady." Zhuang Rui, Executive Dean of university of international business and economics Institute of International Economics, said that China is advancing from a big trading country to a powerful trading country, which has provided strong support for stabilizing the macro-economic market.

　　The quality and efficiency of China’s foreign trade have been continuously improved, and new kinetic energy has been continuously released — —

　　The just-concluded Central Economic Work Conference clearly pointed out that it is necessary to speed up the cultivation of new kinetic energy of foreign trade, consolidate the basic disk of foreign trade and foreign capital, and expand intermediate trade, service trade, digital trade and cross-border e-commerce export.

　　In recent years, the "new three kinds" represented by electric manned vehicles, solar cells and lithium batteries have become hot words in the field of foreign trade, and they are the representatives of accelerating the upgrading of foreign trade. In 2022, the export growth rate of China’s electric manned vehicles, solar cells, lithium batteries and other green and low-carbon products all exceeded 60%, and the new export kinetic energy grew rapidly.

　　Since the new era, the vitality of China’s foreign trade entities has been effectively stimulated by accelerating reform and innovation, smoothing logistics channels, continuously optimizing the business environment at ports, and increasing support for small and medium-sized enterprises. In 2022, the number of foreign trade enterprises with import and export performance increased by 5.6% over the previous year. Among them, private enterprises gradually grew into the "main force" of foreign trade, accounting for more than half of the annual import and export scale for the first time, and contributing 80.8% to China’s foreign trade growth.

　　China’s foreign trade "friend circle" has been further expanded — —

　　In addition to maintaining close ties with traditional market trading partners, China is also actively exploring emerging markets such as ASEAN, Africa, Latin America and Central Asia. From 2013 to October 2023, the total import and export volume of China and the countries that jointly built the "Belt and Road" exceeded 21 trillion US dollars. Among them, in terms of RMB, China’s import and export to co-construction countries increased by 19.4% year-on-year in 2022, accounting for 32.9% of China’s total foreign trade value, up by 3.2 percentage points; Imports and exports to other member countries of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (RCEP) increased by 7.5% year-on-year; Exports to Africa and Latin America increased by 14.8% and 14.1% respectively.

　　Zhang Yu, director of the International Economic and Trade Research Office of the Institute of Finance and Economics of China Academy of Social Sciences, said that while adhering to a high level of opening up, the effective implementation of RCEP and the continuous expansion of the "Belt and Road" and "friends circle" have opened up new space for deepening foreign trade development. In addition, international economic and trade events including Service Trade Fair, Consumer Expo, Canton Fair and China International Import Expo(CIIE) have also opened new channels for foreign trade transformation and upgrading.

　　At present, the external environment is turbulent, economic factors and non-economic factors are intertwined, and China’s foreign trade development still faces many difficulties and challenges. In response to this situation, China has continuously strengthened top-level design and continuously improved its foreign trade policy system.

　　The General Office of the State Council has successively issued a series of important documents, such as Implementation Opinions on Promoting the Innovative Development of Foreign Trade, Opinions on Promoting the Stable Scale and Excellent Structure of Foreign Trade, and Several Measures on Accelerating the Integrated Development of Domestic and Foreign Trade, which further clarified the path and direction for cultivating new formats, building a platform system, deepening reform and opening up, and creating a legalized, international and convenient trade environment.

　　Zhuang Rui said: China’s foreign trade and industrial fields are constantly advancing in system innovation, scientific and technological innovation, mode innovation and format innovation. Under this background, it is very important to deepen the domestic market and explore the international market to further improve the quality and efficiency of foreign trade. Facing the complicated and severe international situation, China should give full play to the positive role of foreign trade in building a new development pattern and bring more warmth and dividends to the world economy.

　　Reporter: Zou Duowei, Wei Yijun

　　Cartography: Hugo

Strive to enhance the leading, spreading and influence of international public opinion.

Party Group and Editorial Meeting of Central Radio and Television General Station

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has attached great importance to international communication, put forward a series of new ideas, new viewpoints and new theories, vigorously promoted the integrity and innovation of international communication, led China to achieve extraordinary achievements in international communication capacity building, and significantly improved its international discourse power and influence. General Secretary of Supreme Leader is very concerned about the development of CCTV (hereinafter referred to as "the general station"), and has high hopes. He has sent many congratulatory letters and made a series of important instructions on the 60th anniversary of the establishment of CCTV and the birth of the new China TV industry, the official launch of CCTV’s agricultural and rural channel, the launch of CCTV’s Olympic channel and its digital platform, the 80th anniversary of the founding of China People’s Broadcasting for Foreign Countries, and the opening of the first global media innovation forum. Clearly put forward the goal of "building a world-class new mainstream media with strong leading power, communication power and influence", and asked the General Desk to strengthen the construction of international communication capacity, actively tell the story of China and spread the voice of China, and make new and greater contributions to realizing the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and promoting the construction of a community of human destiny.

As the ideological center of the Party and the national radio and television station, the General Station thoroughly studied and implemented the important exposition of the Supreme Leader General Secretary on strengthening and improving international communication work in the new era and a series of important instructions on the work of the General Station, persisted in finding ideas, topics and answers from it, persisted in being upright and innovative, taking the offensive as the defense, and taking the effectiveness of communication as the test, continuously strengthened the construction of international communication capacity, strived to enhance the international community’s understanding and support for China’s development, and played a role in promoting the building of a community of human destiny and promoting the common values of all mankind. In recent years, the international communication power of the reception desk has soared, and its overseas delivery capacity has greatly increased, initially forming a good trend of "blowing open the petals of ten thousand pear trees" and "like a pouring of large and small pearls into a plate of jade".

Grasp the law of international communication, publicize and introduce Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the new era, and constantly enhance the world influence of China’s ideas, China’s wisdom and China’s plan.

In the face of the profound evolution of the "two overall situations", the Supreme Leader General Secretary creatively put forward a series of new ideas, ideas and initiatives with China characteristics, reflecting the spirit of the times and leading the trend of human development and progress, and profoundly answered the question of the times "What happened to the world and what should we do?". General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed that to widely publicize China’s ideas, China’s wisdom and China’s plan, China is increasingly approaching the center of the world stage, and has the ability and responsibility to play a greater role in global affairs and make greater contributions to solving the problems of all mankind together with other countries. The reception desk thoroughly studied and understood the important exposition of the General Secretary, strived to grasp the law of international communication, told the stories of the Communist Party of China (CPC), the people of China and the Chinese nation well, presented the unique charm of "the rule of China" with great colors, and made efforts to make the credible, lovely and respectable image of China more deeply rooted in the hearts of the people.

China Wisdom in Classics —— Ping "Language" Approaching People (International Edition) (the first season) focuses on the themes of green development, ecological civilization, innovation, opening to the outside world, anti-epidemic, anti-corruption, poverty alleviation through education, struggle and determination, and selects the original sound and quotations of the important speech of the Supreme Leader General Secretary to explain China culture, China allusions and China wisdom under related topics from the perspective of overseas audiences. The picture shows a screenshot of the program video. Photo courtesy of Central Radio and Television Headquarters

Focus on gathering strength to create the "headline project" of the general station, and publicize and explain Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the new era to the world.The reception desk always insists on introducing the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era to the outside world as the primary political task, explaining it with concepts that can be understood and accepted by overseas audiences, expressing it with vivid words that integrate Chinese and foreign, telling the story of the General Secretary well and spreading the General Secretary’s thoughts well. In the publicity reports of the Beijing Winter Olympics and Paralympic Winter Games, the important activities of the Supreme Leader General Secretary were presented brilliantly and perfectly, and relevant current affairs products, micro-videos, comments and so on were continuously introduced, which vividly showed the charm of great country leaders to the world with perfect angle, the best pictures, the fastest timeliness and the best effect. The news materials and multilingual manuscripts related to the current affairs of the General Secretary released by the General Station International Video News Agency have been quoted and broadcast 12,000 times by 1,188 mainstream TV stations and new media platforms in 88 countries and regions, among which the number of TV stations of the Group of Twenty (g20) accounts for 81%. Elaborately create a multilingual version of "Ping" Language Approaching People-Allusions Favored by the Supreme Leader ",which has reached 4.798 billion overseas visitors. China International Television (hereinafter referred to as "cgtn") planned and produced "China Wisdom in Classics-Ping Yu" Approaching People (International Edition) ",which reached more than 600 million people worldwide. The number of cross-media reports celebrating the centenary of the founding of the Party has reached more than 12.2 billion, and the live broadcast signals and news materials have been reprinted and broadcast by more than 1,000 mainstream media around the world, setting a number of historical highs, such as the longest time for major celebrations in China to spread abroad and the widest overseas coverage.

Carry out media activities around the diplomatic innovation of big countries, serve the overall situation of the party and the country’s foreign work, and show the vigorous vitality of China in the new era.Following closely the diplomatic pace of the Head of State, the General Desk took the visit of the Supreme Leader General Secretary to Argentina, Italy, Russia, Brazil and other countries as an opportunity to establish a stable cooperative relationship with the mainstream media with important influence in the visiting countries by signing cooperation agreements, co-producing programs and co-organizing media activities. On the eve of the opening of the Beijing Winter Olympics, the Headquarters held the first Global Media Innovation Forum, and the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader sent a congratulatory letter. The heads of 145 international organizations and media organizations, including the International Olympic Committee, All-Russian National Television Broadcasting Corporation, Associated Press and Reuters, participated in it one after another, leading the global media to jointly play a harmonious movement of "more unity". On the occasion of the 20th anniversary of the signing of the Sino-Russian Treaty of Good-Neighborliness, Friendship and Cooperation in July 2021, the main responsible comrades of the General Desk, as the Chinese chairman of the Media Council of the China-Russia Friendship, Peace and Development Committee, jointly published an initiative entitled "Strengthening Media Cooperation and Building Good-Neighborliness and Friendship" with the Russian president. In December, 2021, shortly after the resumption of diplomatic relations between China and Nepal, the Managua reporter station was unveiled. The General Station and the Nicaraguan Communication and Civil Affairs Committee signed the first cooperation agreement in the media field since the resumption of diplomatic relations between China and Nepal. Around the 50th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Argentina and Mauritius, and the 50th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations at ambassadorial level between China and Britain, the reception desk meticulously created the documentary "Leaping Over" and held overseas media activities such as "Leaping Over 50 Years, Being in Full bloom" and "50 Years of New Sailing: Looking for Icebreakers in a New Era", which generated enthusiastic response.

Give full play to the important role of the main force, main position and ballast stone of international communication, and strive to enhance its position, weight and share in the global media structure.

General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that it is necessary to strengthen the top-level design and research layout, build a strategic communication system with distinctive China characteristics, and strive to improve the influence of international communication, the appeal of Chinese culture, the image affinity of China, the persuasiveness of China’s words and the guidance of international public opinion. In the new era, China is increasingly approaching the center of the world stage and promoting the formation of an international discourse right that matches China’s comprehensive national strength and international status. The national mainstream media is duty-bound. The reception desk insists on changing the situation, vigorously innovates the concept and mechanism of international communication work, and gives full play to the advantages of foreign integration communication such as 44 languages, cgtn media platform, multilingual online celebrity studio, international video news agency, overseas terminal, etc., so as to achieve a leap forward and exclusive leadership, effectively reverse the passive situation of acting as a "setter" in the international public opinion field in the past, and continuously enhance its authority and influence in the international public opinion field.

Grab the starting point, dare to shine a sword, strive for exclusivity, and speed up the improvement of international communication and delivery capabilities. The report of the reception desk has repeatedly become the only source in the world, and the world has heard the voice of the China media.The Headquarters has established a rapid response mechanism for international emergencies, striving for the "first definition right" in the reporting of major global emergencies. In a series of major international news reports, such as the China-US high-level strategic dialogue, the Afghan situation, the riots on Capitol Hill in the United States, the situation in Guinea, the disaster in Tonga, Meng Wanzhou’s return to China, and the situation in Ukraine, a large number of exclusive news reports have repeatedly become the only source in the world, and have been widely forwarded by CNN, BBC, Associated Press, Reuters and AFP. In the report on the situation in Afghanistan, the cgtn microphone at the main station became the only media microphone at the first press conference of the Taliban after the withdrawal of US troops, and related reports reached an audience of over 7.3 billion people. In the report of Meng Wanzhou’s return to China, all the 17 exclusive newsletters of the main station were launched in the world, and 14 exclusive videos became the only source in the world, with related reports reaching 3.419 billion person-times, and the new media platform praised more than 400 million person-times. In the report on the situation in Ukraine, the reporter in front of the main station went deep into the scene many times for the first time, realizing the world premiere of many major news and the coverage of many exclusive sources overseas.

Innovative "thought+art+technology" integrated communication, the Beijing Winter Olympics report of the main station was recorded in the Olympic history, which was highly praised by international public opinion and global audiences.The team of the Headquarters directly participated in the key links of the opening and closing ceremonies of the Beijing Winter Olympics, such as literary writing, art design, broadcast control technology and live broadcast, and extensively used the immersion technology of "5g+4k/8k+ai" to better show the world a confident and calm China. Successfully completed the 8k international public signal production for the opening and closing ceremonies of the first Olympic Games, realized the entire 4k broadcast of the first Olympic Games, built the world’s first 5g ultra-high-definition mobile live studio for high-speed trains, and launched the online Olympic channel and its digital platform. The Beijing Winter Olympics became the most watched Winter Olympics. The relevant news materials and multilingual manuscripts released by the international video news agency have been quoted and broadcast by 2,172 TV channels and their new media platforms in 116 countries and regions for 108,000 times, of which the number of TV stations of the Group of Twenty (g20) accounts for 79%. Mr. Bach, President of the International Olympic Committee, accepted three exclusive interviews with the Headquarters and spoke highly of the coverage and dissemination of the Winter Olympics at the Headquarters. In recognition of the achievements made by the Headquarters and the long-term cooperative partnership with the International Olympic Committee, Bach presented the IOC President Award to the main responsible comrades of the Headquarters.

Make friends overseas, realize "blooming on all sides", actively promote exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations, and contribute to the construction of a community of human destiny in China.

"The trip to the avenue is also the world’s public." In the practice of international communication in recent years, the important ideas of the Supreme Leader General Secretary, such as "the community of human destiny", "people-centered" and "Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets", have stood the test of the times and won wide attention and strong resonance from the international community. The reception desk takes advantage of the situation and climbs high, giving full play to the advantages of the national mainstream media, carrying out innovative foreign exchanges and cooperation, continuously deepening the "goodwill communication", making friends in five continents, and constantly expanding the circle of international public opinion friends who know China and have friends with China.

The 4k documentary "National Park: Wildlife Kingdom" produced by China Central Radio and Television Station in 2021 presents a panoramic view of China National Park from a natural perspective, oriental aesthetics and international language, and has been distributed to more than 100 countries and regions around the world. The picture shows the poster. Photo courtesy of Central Radio and Television Headquarters

Innovate and carry out international exchanges and cooperation. There are more and more good partners, larger circle of friends and stronger influence at the reception desk.Around the centenary of the founding of the Party, epidemic prevention and control, Sino-US relations, Hong Kong-related issues, Xinjiang-related issues, the General Desk continued to strengthen in-depth exchanges with the heads of international mainstream media and the ambassadors of major western countries in China. Since 2020, we have exchanged more than 1,100 letters with international friends, initiated the establishment of regional cooperation mechanisms such as "hand in hand" in Latin America, "mutual trust and win-win" in Europe, "cooperative development" in ASEAN, and "mutual help" in Africa, and created exchange and sharing mechanisms such as "China-Shanghai Media News Exchange Platform" and "Media Customization Service Platform". Give full play to the frontier communication advantages of eight overseas terminals around the world, and launch a series of brand media activities and special programs such as "China-Africa Environmental Protection Media Action" and "Global Action Initiative 2021-Climate Change". On the eve of being invited to attend the opening ceremony of the Beijing Winter Olympics, Russian President Vladimir Putin accepted an exclusive interview with the main responsible comrades of the General Desk. This second interview after a lapse of more than three years has aroused widespread concern in overseas media, and the multilingual related reports of the reception desk have been forwarded by more than 900 mainstream media and websites in more than 70 countries and regions.

Continue to deepen the "goodwill communication", and focus on showing the true, three-dimensional and comprehensive China with the guidance of communication effect.The documentary "National Park: Wild Animal Kingdom" produced by Headquarters focuses on the unique ecological landscape and rare wild animals and plants in China National Park, which truly restores the beauty of nature, reproduces the diversity of all kinds of animals and plants, presents the ecological culture of harmonious coexistence between man and nature, and shows the production level of top international nature documentaries. It has been purchased by mainstream western media and distributed to more than 100 countries and regions around the world. The story of the migration of more than 10 Asian elephants in Yunnan Province was tracked and reported by the main station for five months, which formed overseas phenomenal communication, and the naive "China Elephant" became an "international elephant". In 2021, the "United Nations Chinese Day 2021 and the First Overseas Video Festival of Headquarters" was held for the first time with UNESCO and other relevant institutions, and the global communication covered more than 160 countries and regions. In 2022, the second overseas video festival focused on the beauty of Chinese studies, the charm of the trend and the progress of the times, and collected nearly 950 Chinese video works from 45 countries and regions around the world. The platforms at home and abroad reached more than 900 million people. During the live broadcast of CCTV Spring Festival Evening in 2022, the total cross-media audience at home and abroad was nearly 1.3 billion, and the total number of direct-on-demand new media reached more than 7.1 billion. More than 650 media in more than 170 countries and regions around the world broadcast live and reported, and a number of communication data reached a new high. The CCTV Spring Festival Evening has become an important carrier for spreading Chinese culture.

Vigorously and effectively carry out the international public opinion struggle, continue to enhance the ability of overseas delivery, strive to break the hegemony of Western discourse, and strive to build a fair, objective, positive and healthy global public opinion ecology.

Recently, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out at a seminar for leading cadres at the provincial and ministerial levels on "Learning the spirit of the important speech of General Secretary of the Supreme Leader and Meeting the 20th Party Congress" that in the face of the drastic changes in the international situation, we have safeguarded national dignity and core interests in the struggle and firmly grasped the initiative of China’s development and security. In the work of international communication, the reception desk effectively conducts international public opinion guidance and public opinion struggle, pays attention to the strategy and art of public opinion struggle, constantly improves the ability to speak out on major issues, continuously enhances the ability to deliver overseas, strives to seize the right to speak in international public opinion, and strives to create a good external public opinion environment for China’s reform, development and stability.

Dare to struggle, be good at making sound, and break through the long-term monopoly of American and Western media by attacking. 连续策划推出《连少年儿童都保护不了，美国政客有何资格谈“民主”“人权”？》、《看美政客怎么解释他们给新疆编织的这个弥天大谎！》等一大批报道、评论，多角度揭批美国人权虚伪面目，有力有效反制美国恶意诋毁。

近年来，中央广播电视总台多语种网红主播频频亮相海外主流媒体，通过以小见大、可亲可感的方式，对外讲好中国故事。图为部分多语种网红主播。中央广播电视总台供图

针锋相对、以正视听，坚决破除美西方媒体长期形成的话语霸权和有色眼镜。总台持续擦亮《央视快评》、《国际锐评》、《玉渊谭天》、《大湾区之声热评》、《总台海峡时评》、《主播说联播》和cgtn多语种评论等评论言论品牌，以有风骨、敢亮剑、接地气的新语态持续引领国内外舆论场，坚决不被反华势力“牵着鼻子走”，绝不让政治私利、霸权主义、种族歧视、意识形态偏见误导全球民众。在对外交往中坚决捍卫国家利益，既“和风细雨”推动合作，也旗帜鲜明批评一些国家媒体在疫情和涉华报道上造谣生事的恶劣行径。在国际会议多边舞台上，积极带动国际舆论场共同发出正义之声，为全球治理提供正能量。

In the exchanges, contacts and confrontations with international media, we deeply realize that the all-round and pioneering achievements in China’s international communication work since the 18th CPC National Congress are fundamentally due to the leadership of the Supreme Leader General Secretary, the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader Comrade as the core and the scientific guidance of the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era. In the new journey of forging ahead, we will unite more closely around the CPC Central Committee with the supreme leader as the core, deeply understand the decisive significance of "two establishment", further strengthen "four consciousnesses", strengthen "four self-confidences" and achieve "two maintenance", keep in mind the entrustment, blaze new trails, continuously strengthen the construction of international communication ability, and strive to build a new world-class mainstream media with strong leading power, communication power and influence, and take practical actions.

Editor-in-Chief: Gu Wanquan, Zhang Wu

Text Editor: Yang Rong

Author: Qiushi. com

2022 Municipal Disabled Persons’ Federation Department Budget　 　　

　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　

　　Catalogue

　　I. Main responsibilities of Xiaogan Disabled Persons Federation

　　Two, Xiaogan City Disabled Persons’ Federation organization and staffing.

　　III. Compilation of departmental budget of Xiaogan Disabled Persons’ Federation in 2022

　　IV. Explanation of the increase and decrease of departmental budget revenue and expenditure in 2022

　　V. Explanation on the arrangement of funds for the operation of organs

　　Six, "three public" funding arrangements and changes.

　　VII. Description of Government Procurement Arrangements

　　Eight, the occupation of state-owned assets

　　IX. Description of budget performance such as performance targets of key project budgets

　　X. Budget preparation of government funds

　　XI. Explanation on the Budget of New Projects

　　XII. Explanation of Related Nouns

　　Thirteen, the Municipal Disabled Persons’ Federation in 2022 departmental budget form:

　　1, Xiaogan Disabled Persons’ Federation 2022 revenue and expenditure budget summary table

　　2. Summary of income budget of Xiaogan Disabled Persons’ Federation in 2022

　　3. Summary of Expenditure Budget of Xiaogan Disabled Persons’ Federation in 2022

　　4, Xiaogan Disabled Persons’ Federation in 2022 financial allocation budget summary table.

　　5. General public budget expenditure table of Xiaogan Disabled Persons’ Federation in 2022

　　6. Basic Expenditure Table of General Public Budget of Xiaogan Disabled Persons’ Federation in 2022

　　7, Xiaogan Disabled Persons’ Federation in 2022 government funds budget expenditure table.

　　8, Xiaogan Disabled Persons’ Federation in 2022 financial allocation "three public" expenditure table

　　9, Xiaogan Disabled Persons’ Federation in 2022 financial special expenditure budget table

　　Department Budget of Xiaogan Disabled Persons’ Federation in 2022

　　(including subordinate secondary units)

　　I. Main responsibilities of Xiaogan Disabled Persons Federation

　　Xiaogan Disabled Persons’ Federation (hereinafter referred to as the Municipal Disabled Persons’ Federation) is responsible for integrating the three functions of "representation, service and management", giving play to the role of the municipal party committee and the municipal government as a bridge and link between the disabled, representing the common interests of the disabled, safeguarding their legitimate rights and interests, uniting and educating the disabled and serving them. Undertake the tasks entrusted by the government, carry out work for the disabled, mobilize social forces and develop the cause of the disabled. Its tasks are:

　　1, the implementation of the party and government policies on the work of the disabled, to assist the government to study, formulate and implement the development plan for the cause of the disabled.

　　2, undertake the daily work of the municipal government coordination committee for the disabled.

　　3. Listen to the opinions of the disabled, reflect their needs, safeguard their legitimate rights and serve them.

　　4. Unite and educate the disabled to abide by the law, fulfill their due obligations, carry forward the spirit of optimism and enterprising, self-esteem, self-confidence, self-improvement and self-reliance, and contribute to socialist construction.

　　5. Carry forward humanitarianism, publicize the cause of the disabled, communicate the relationship between the government, society and the disabled, and promote social understanding, respect, care and help for the disabled.

　　6. Carry out rehabilitation, education, employment, poverty alleviation, culture, sports, supplies, welfare, social services, barrier-free facilities construction and disability prevention for the disabled, create a good environment and conditions, and help the disabled to participate in social life on an equal footing.

　　7, to guide the work of the county (city), District Disabled Persons’ Federation, responsible for the supervision and management of specialized associations for the disabled.

　　8. To undertake other tasks assigned by the Municipal Party Committee, the Municipal Government and the Provincial Disabled Persons’ Federation.

　　Two, Xiaogan City Disabled Persons’ Federation organization and staffing.

　　1. Office

　　Responsible for drafting the work plan and plan of the Disabled Persons’ Federation, drafting the documents and reports of the Disabled Persons’ Federation, undertaking the specific work of the municipal government’s coordination committee on disabled persons’ work, being responsible for the internal and external contact and comprehensive coordination of important administrative affairs of the organ, being responsible for the organization arrangement of relevant meetings and the supervision of meeting matters, and being responsible for secretarial, personnel, confidential, confidential, archives, statistics, finance, information network, family planning, health, greening, comprehensive management of social security, logistics management services, etc.

　　2. Rehabilitation Department

　　Organize and implement the rehabilitation work plan for the disabled, investigate the disability status, disability causes and rehabilitation needs of the disabled, coordinate relevant departments to carry out rehabilitation and disability prevention for the disabled, train rehabilitation talents, guide the adaptation and service of assistive devices for the disabled, and undertake the daily work of the municipal rehabilitation office for the disabled.

　　3, teach the subject

　　Assist the education department to formulate and implement the education plan for the disabled, carry out employment education and vocational skills training for the disabled, organize the formulation and implementation of the decentralized proportional employment plan for the disabled, guide the establishment of welfare enterprises, guide the employment business and network construction of the disabled in the city, organize the implementation of poverty alleviation for the disabled, and assist in the development of social security for the disabled.

　　4. Xuanwenke

　　Organize the formulation and implementation of publicity and cultural and sports work plans for the disabled, do a good job in popularizing law and coordinating services, do a good job in publicity and reporting on the disabled, organize activities to help the disabled in culture, sports, art and society, cooperate with relevant parties to inspect the implementation of laws and regulations on the disabled, guide and manage legal aid for the disabled, be responsible for promoting the construction of barrier-free facilities and letters and visits for the disabled, investigate and master the situation of the disabled, organize and manage the issuance of the Disabled Persons’ Card, and promote Braille.

　　5. Two subordinate secondary units:　

　　Xiaogan disabled employment service center

　　Xiaogan Disabled Rehabilitation Center (Xiaogan Disabled Auxiliary Appliance Service Center)

　　6. Staffing in 2022

　　Xiaogan Disabled Persons’ Federation has 12 employees, including 11 administrative employees, 1 worker, 12 employees and 12 retirees. There are 14 people in the career establishment (public welfare category I), including 7 people in Xiaogan Employment Service Center for the Disabled, 6 people on the job and 1 retiree; Xiaogan Rehabilitation Center for the Disabled (Xiaogan Aids Service Center for the Disabled) has 7 employees, including 5 on-the-job employees and 1 retiree.

　　III. Compilation of departmental budgets in 2022

　　The total number of units included in the departmental budget of Xiaogan Disabled Persons’ Federation in 2022 is 3, including the organ level and two directly affiliated institutions. The details are as follows:

　　1, Xiaogan Disabled Persons’ Federation (level)

　　2. Xiaogan Disabled Employment Service Center

　　3. Xiaogan Rehabilitation Center for the Disabled (Xiaogan Aids Service Center)

　　In 2022, the total budget revenue of Xiaogan Disabled Persons’ Federation was 5,769,200 yuan, including 5,141,200 yuan from budget appropriation and 628,000 yuan from other expenditures; The total budget expenditure is 5,769,200 yuan, of which: the basic expenditure is 3,157,200 yuan; The project expenditure is 2.612 million yuan.

　　Four, the Municipal Disabled Persons’ Federation in 2022, the overall situation of the increase and decrease of departmental budget revenue and expenditure.

　　(A), revenue budget

　　In 2022, the total budget revenue of the Municipal Disabled Persons’ Federation was 5,769,200 yuan, of which the basic budget was 3,157,200 yuan, an increase of 20,600 yuan compared with 2021. The main reason for the increase was the normal salary adjustment; The special budget is 2.612 million yuan, an increase of 229,000 yuan compared with 2021. The reasons for the increase are as follows: First, the special funds for the disabled are relatively increased according to the adjustment of relevant policies; Second, the special budget for higher-level transfer payments has increased.

　　(II) Expenditure budget

　　In 2022, the total budget expenditure of the municipal disabled persons’ Federation department was 5,769,200 yuan.

　　1. The basic expenditure budget is 3,157,200 yuan, accounting for 55% of the total expenditure budget. among

　　Personnel expenditure: 2,563,400 yuan.

　　Expenditure on goods and services: 593,800 yuan;

　　2. The project expenditure budget is 2.612 million yuan, accounting for 45% of the total budget.

　　(1) Rehabilitation for the disabled is 674,000 yuan.

　　(2) Expenditure on other undertakings for the disabled is 1.31 million yuan.

　　(3) General administrative affairs: 628,000 yuan.

　　The total budget expenditure in 2022 increased by 249,600 yuan compared with that in 2021, of which: the basic expenditure budget increased by 20,600 yuan compared with that in 2021, mainly due to the policy adjustment of personnel funds; The special budget is 2.612 million yuan, an increase of 229,000 yuan compared with 2021. The reasons for the increase are as follows: First, the special funds for the disabled are relatively increased according to the adjustment of relevant policies; Second, the special budget for higher-level transfer payments has increased.

　　Five, 2022, the Disabled Persons’ Federation organs operating funds arrangements.

　　In 2022, the total operating expenses of the municipal disabled persons’ Federation were 593,800 yuan, a decrease of 0.33 million yuan compared with 2021. The main reason for the decrease was the normal floating, which was included in the personnel expenses. In 2022, the operating expenses of the organs mainly include:

　　Official vehicle operation (maintenance) fee: 74,000 yuan;

　　The conference fee is 20 thousand yuan

　　The training fee is 30,000 yuan

　　Office expenses: 10,000 yuan;

　　Printing fee: 15,100 yuan;

　　Water fee: 12,000 yuan;

　　Electricity fee: 45,000 yuan;

　　Postal expenses: 12,000 yuan;

　　Property management fee: 11,200 yuan;

　　Travel expenses: 81,000 yuan;

　　Maintenance (protection) fee: 30,000 yuan;

　　Official reception fee: 20,000 yuan;

　　Trade union funds: 27,900 yuan;

　　Welfare expenses: 20,700 yuan;

　　Expenditure on other goods and services: 75,200 yuan;

　　Other transportation expenses are 109,700 yuan.

　　Six, the Municipal Disabled Persons’ Federation "three public" funding arrangements and changes.

　　In 2022, the budget for the "three fairs" of the Municipal Disabled Persons’ Federation was 94,000 yuan, a decrease of 0.4 million yuan compared with 2021. The main reason for the decrease was the compression of official reception fees.

　　1, going abroad (border) cost budget:

　　In 2022, the Municipal Disabled Persons’ Federation spent 0,000 yuan on going abroad (border) on business, and the number of people going abroad (border) was 0, the same as in 2021.

　　2, official car operation (maintenance) cost budget:

　　(1) In 2022, the Municipal Disabled Persons’ Federation has no budget for the purchase of buses, and the number of buses reserved is 2, one car is a general official vehicle and the other is a special vehicle for the adaptation of assistive devices.

　　(2) In 2022, the budget for the operation (maintenance) of the official vehicles of the Municipal Disabled Persons’ Federation is 74,000 yuan, which is mainly used to protect the above two official vehicles, including fuel costs, maintenance costs, crossing and bridge fees, insurance fees, etc. Same as the 2021 budget.

　　3, official reception budget:

　　In 2022, the official reception fee budget of the Municipal Disabled Persons’ Federation is 20,000 yuan, which is 4,000 yuan less than that in 2021. The main reason for the decrease is that according to the requirements of relevant departments and based on the basic principle of strict economy, the official reception behavior is reduced year by year and the official reception expenses are reduced.

　　Seven, the government procurement arrangements:

　　In 2022, the Municipal Disabled Persons’ Federation arranged a government procurement budget of 954,000 yuan, of which:

　　1, vehicle service government procurement of 30 thousand yuan;

　　2, the disabled situation survey 20 thousand yuan;

　　3. Purchase 100,000 yuan of assistive devices for the disabled;

　　4, the disabled care service 120 thousand yuan;

　　5. Accounting, legal and evaluation services related to the cause of the disabled are 140,000 yuan;

　　6, office facilities repair (engineering) 528 thousand yuan;

　　7, other office supplies and equipment procurement of 16 thousand yuan.

　　In 2022, the government procurement budget of the Municipal Disabled Persons’ Federation totaled 954,000 yuan, a decrease of 343,500 yuan compared with 2021. The main reason for the decrease was the policy adjustment of the special budget funds for the disabled at higher levels, and the government procurement budget was also reduced accordingly.

　　Eight, the occupation of state-owned assets

　　By December 31, 2021, the assets of Xiaogan Disabled Persons’ Federation totaled 14,683,300 yuan, a decrease of 707,200 yuan compared with 2020, of which: the working capital was 44,900 yuan, accounting for 0.3% of total assets; Fixed assets are 13.558 million yuan, accounting for 92.34% of total assets, and intangible assets are 205,900 yuan, accounting for 1.4% of total assets.

By December 31, 2021, the fixed assets of Xiaogan Disabled Persons’ Federation were 13.558 million yuan, a decrease of 1.1998 million yuan compared with 2020. Among them: 13,334,300 yuan for houses and buildings, 64,700 yuan for general equipment, 0.26 yuan for special equipment, 156,700 yuan for furniture and appliances, and 205,900 yuan for intangible assets.

　　IX. Description of budget performance of key projects

　　In order to strengthen the performance management of the unit budget, strengthen the performance concept and expenditure responsibility, and improve the efficiency of the use of financial funds, performance target management, performance tracking, performance evaluation and application of results are incorporated into the whole process of budget preparation, implementation and supervision, so as to manage activities for the purpose of improving the economic, social and other benefits of budget funds, and the budget management model is based on expenditure results. In 2022, of the 2,612,000 yuan declared for the project budget performance of the Municipal Disabled Persons’ Federation:

　　1. The rehabilitation of the disabled is 674,000 yuan, an increase of 354,000 yuan compared with 2021. The main reason for the increase is the adjustment of the scope of the rehabilitation assistance project for disabled children and the increase of the family subsidy fund project for disabled children;

　　2. The basic assistive devices for the disabled are adapted to 100,000 yuan, the same as in 2021;

　　3. The subsidy for the rehabilitation center for the disabled is 350,000 yuan, the same as in 2021;

　　4. The disabled were supported by 120,000 yuan, an increase of 7,000 yuan compared with 2021. The main reason for the increase was that the number of people supported increased slightly on the basis of 2021;

　　5. Other undertakings for the disabled are 690,000 yuan, the same as in 2021;

　　6. The fund for the dynamic renewal of the disabled is 50,000 yuan, the same as in 2021;

　　7. Add 100,000 yuan to the renovation project of the Municipal Disabled Persons’ Federation;

　　8. 528,000 yuan was added to the renovation project of the city rehabilitation center for the disabled.

　　Ten, the government fund budget situation:

　　In 2022, the Municipal Disabled Persons’ Federation and its subordinate secondary units have no budgetary revenue and expenditure of government funds.

　　XI. Description of the budget of new projects:

　　In 2022, the Municipal Disabled Persons’ Federation added two new projects, with non-tax revenue as the source of funds, with a total project fund of 628,000 yuan. The projects are:

　　1 City Disabled Persons’ Federation Housing Renovation Project 100,000 yuan;

　　2. Maintenance and renovation project of the municipal rehabilitation center for the disabled is 528,000 yuan.

　　XII. Explanation of related terms:

　　(1) Revenue from financial appropriation: refers to the funds arranged in the municipal financial budget and allocated in the current year.

　　(2) Revenue from budgetary allocation of government funds: refers to the funds allocated in the budget of municipal fiscal funds in the current year.

　　(3) Basic expenditure: refers to personnel expenditure and public expenditure incurred to ensure the normal operation of institutions and complete daily tasks.

　　(4) Project expenditure: refers to the expenditure incurred to complete specific administrative tasks and career development goals in addition to basic expenditure.

　　(five) the main expenditure functional classification subjects used by this department (item level):

　　Undertakings for the disabled (section 20811): reflecting the government’s expenditure on undertakings for the disabled;

　　Rehabilitation of the disabled (2081104 items): reflecting the expenditure of the Disabled Persons’ Federation on rehabilitation of the disabled;

　　Employment and poverty alleviation for the disabled (2,081,105 items): reflecting the expenditure of the Disabled Persons’ Federation on employment and poverty alleviation for the disabled;

　　Living and nursing subsidies for the disabled (2,081,107 items): reflecting the expenditure of the Disabled Persons’ Federation on living subsidies for the poor disabled and nursing subsidies for the severely disabled;

　　Expenditure on other undertakings for the disabled (2081199 items); Reflect the expenditure of the Disabled Persons’ Federation on other undertakings for the disabled in addition to the above-mentioned projects.

　　(VI) "Three Public Funds": The "three public funds" included in the general public budget management of finance refer to the expenses for going abroad (abroad) on business, the expenses for purchasing and operating official vehicles and the expenses for official reception arranged by the municipal departments with the financial allocation from the general public budget. Among them, (1) the expenses for going abroad on business reflect the international travel expenses, inter-city transportation expenses, accommodation expenses, meals, training fees, public and miscellaneous expenses, etc. (2) Official vehicle purchase and operation and maintenance fees, reflecting the purchase expenses of official vehicles (including vehicle purchase tax and license fees), fuel expenses, maintenance fees, crossing fees, insurance fees, safety incentive fees and other expenses; (3) The official reception fee reflects all kinds of official reception (including reception of foreign guests) expenses incurred by the unit according to regulations.

　　(7) Operating expenses of government agencies: funds used to purchase goods and services to ensure the operation of administrative units (including institutions managed by reference to the Civil Service Law), including office and printing expenses, postal expenses, travel expenses, conference expenses, welfare expenses, daily maintenance expenses, special materials and general equipment purchase expenses, office space utilities, office space heating expenses, office space property management expenses, official vehicle operation and maintenance expenses and other expenses.

　　XIII. Departmental Budget of Xiaogan Disabled Persons’ Federation in 2022:

　　XIII. Table of departmental budget performance targets in 2022

　　Attachment:2022 municipal departments overall expenditure performance target declaration form. xls

　　　　　1.2022 municipal departments budget project expenditure performance target declaration form-rehabilitation of the disabled. xls

　　　　　2.2022 municipal departments budget project expenditure performance target declaration form-poor disabled assistive devices. xls

　　　　　3.2022 municipal departments budget project expenditure performance target declaration form-Xiaogan disabled rehabilitation center funding subsidies. xls

　　　　　4.2022 municipal departments budget project expenditure performance target declaration form-disabled care. xls

　　　　　5.2022 municipal departments budget project expenditure performance target declaration form-the disabled situation investigation funds. xls

　　　　　6.2022 municipal departments budget project expenditure performance target declaration form-other undertakings for the disabled. xls

　　　　　7.2022 municipal departments budget project expenditure performance target declaration form-house cleaning and rectification. xls

　　　　　8.2022 municipal departments budget project expenditure performance target declaration form-city disabled persons’ Federation rehabilitation center maintenance renovation. xls

　　The three major indexes surged back in the afternoon. At the close, the Shanghai Composite Index fell by 0.4%, the Shenzhen Component Index rose by 0.17%, the Growth Enterprise Market Index rose by 0.87%, and the turnover of the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock markets was 948.7 billion yuan. More than 2,800 stocks in the two cities fell, and northbound funds bought a net of 273 million yuan throughout the day.

　　In terms of plate theme, antiviral fabric concept stocks led the gains all day, ursodeoxycholic acid concept stocks and COVID-19 treatment plate were among the top gainers, tourism and hotel stocks were active in the afternoon, and coal concept stocks fell all day. On the disk, anti-virus fabric concept stocks led the gains throughout the day, with (), (), () and other stocks trading daily; The concept stocks of ursodeoxycholic acid fermented today, and the word board of science and technology innovation board Xuantai Medicine () went up, and (), () and () rose in succession. In the news, on December 5, 2022, researchers from the University of Cambridge published a research paper entitled "FXR inhibition may protect from SARS-CoV-2 infection by reducing ace 2" in the journal Nature. This study shows that a drug for treating liver diseases, ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), can close the ACE2 receptor and the door for viruses to enter cells. This drug can be used to prevent COVID-19 infection. Because this drug is aimed at host cells rather than viruses, it may prevent future new variants of viruses and other coronaviruses that may appear. Coal concept stocks led the decline throughout the day, with (), () and () leading the decline, and only two stocks in the sector closed red.

　　Plate heat:

　　Straight flush hot stock list:

　　Transaction review:

　　At 09: 25, the three A-share indexes collectively opened lower, with the Shanghai Composite Index down 0.24%, the Shenzhen Component Index down 0.29%, the Growth Enterprise Market Index down 0.45%, and hotel and tourism stocks leading the decline.

　　09:28 () opened 8.41% higher, and the company announced that it plans to acquire 60% equity of Jingying Optoelectronics for 960 million yuan, which will realize the layout of new energy photovoltaic industry.

　　At 09:29, the concept stocks and retail stocks of duty-free shops continued to be active, and (), () and () were linked, (), () and () opened higher in succession.

　　At 09:32, the chicken plate moved up, () and () both rose by more than 6%, and (), () and () followed suit.

　　At 09:36, the Chinese medicine sector started to decline, with (), () and () falling by more than 5%, and (), () and () all fell.

　　At 09:38, the airport shipping sector rose, () rose by more than 6%, and (), (), () and () followed suit.

　　At 09:40, the transaction of the logistics sector rose, () daily limit, () rose by more than 5%, and (), (), (), (), (), () and so on followed.

　　At 09:47, the real estate development sector continued to decline, and Shenfang A hit the daily limit again, () fell more than 7%, and (), (), (), () and () followed.

　　At 09:51, the Xinchuang plate bottomed out and rebounded. () The daily limit recorded five consecutive boards again, () and () touched the daily limit, and (), (), () and () followed.

　　0951 The Hang Seng Technology Index rose to 1%, and the Hang Seng Index is now up 0.25%.

　　At 09:55, the lithium battery sector rebounded and rose, with () and () daily limit, and (), (), (), () and () rose by more than 5%.

　　At 10: 01, PET copper foil concept stocks rose, () daily limit, () rose by more than 5%, (), (), Fangbang, (), (), Yuanchen Technology and so on followed up.

　　At 10:08, the Growth Enterprise Market Index rose to 1%, the Shanghai Composite Index fell by 0.25%, and the Shenzhen Component Index rose by 0.33%.

　　10:09 () rose more than 3%, and the total market value returned to above one trillion yuan.

　　At 10:29, the Hang Seng Science and Technology Index rose to 2%, and Ali’s healthy and safe doctors rose by more than 10%.

　　At 10:34, the TCM and COVID-19 therapeutic sectors bottomed out, and Shanghai Kaibao rose by more than 10%, () daily limit, (), (), Guangshengtang, () and other stocks rose by more than 5%.

　　At 10:45, the Chinese prefix stock oscillated lower, () hit the daily limit, () fell nearly 6%, and (), (), (), (), () and so on fell more than 3%.

　　At 13:04, the scenic spots, tourism, hotels and restaurants rose in the afternoon, and (), (), (), (), (), (), () and so on surged.

　　At 13: 09, all three A-share indexes turned red. The Shanghai Composite Index rose in the afternoon and turned red. The Shenzhen Composite Index was 0.6%, and the Growth Enterprise Market Index rose over 1.3%.

　　At 13:12, the Hang Seng Technology Index rose more than 3% in the afternoon, and the Hang Seng Index is now up 1.25%.

　　At 13:15, the data confirmation plate bottomed out, and People’s Daily hit the daily limit. (), (), (), () and so on surged.

　　At 13:18, the pharmaceutical stocks rose across the board, and the anti-virus direction lifted the daily limit. Common Pharmaceutical, () and Xuantai Pharmaceutical had a daily limit of 20CM, and more than ten shares such as (), (), Guizhou Sanli and Xinhua Pharmaceutical were collectively closed, while many shares such as Shanghai Kaibao, Guangshengtang, () and Zhendong Pharmaceutical rose more than 10%.

　　At 13:20, the food processing and manufacturing sector continued to rise in the afternoon, with () daily limit, (), (), (), (), () and so on.

　　At 13:28, the scenic spots and tourism sectors rose and strengthened, with the daily limit of () and (). Emei Mountain A rose by more than 7%, followed by CYTS, Western Region Tourism, Zhongxin Tourism and Jiuhua Tourism.

　　At 13:30, FTSE China A50 index futures rose to 1%.

　　At 13:32, the trading in the securities sector rose, () rose by more than 6%, and (), (), (), () and () followed suit.

　　14:14 According to () iFinD data, up to now, the turnover of Shanghai and Shenzhen stock markets has exceeded 800 billion yuan, including 339 billion yuan in Shanghai stock market and 462 billion yuan in Shenzhen stock market.

　　News:

　　1. Both American oil and cloth oil fell by 4%.

　　After the EIA’s short-term energy outlook was released, both oil in the United States and Bulgaria continued to decline, falling by 4% in the day, and are now reported at 74.29 US dollars/barrel and 79.59 US dollars/barrel.

　　2. Apple’s car project ushered in a major change and gave up producing the first fully-automatic car.

　　According to people familiar with the matter, Apple has scaled back its ambitious self-driving car plan and delayed the target market date of the car by about one year to 2026. This car project, known as "Titan" within the company, has been in a state of suspense for the past few months, because Apple executives are trying to cope with the reality that under the current technical conditions, the vision of fully-automatic driving cars without steering wheels or pedals is not feasible. The company is currently planning that self-driving cars will include steering wheels and pedals, and only support the use of fully automatic driving functions on highways, which is a major shift in the project. This secret project has been going on for many years, aiming to provide Apple with another major channel to make money, but it may also test the ability limit of the iPhone manufacturer.

　　3. Ibuprofen production capacity is concerned. Many companies responded: production and operation are normal.

　　According to the Securities Daily, recently, the management policies for purchasing "four kinds of drugs", namely cough-relieving, antipyretic, antiviral and antibiotic drugs, have been adjusted in many places across the country, and the real-name registration link has been cancelled. In this context, the public snapped up ibuprofen, a common antipyretic and analgesic drug, which caused concern. The reporter searched for ibuprofen in National Medical Products Administration and found that there were 558 approval numbers, involving hundreds of manufacturing enterprises, including () and Unacon. The reporter also contacted the enterprise with the production approval by telephone to inquire about the production capacity and production situation. The relevant person in charge of Unacon said: "At present, the production and operation of ibuprofen are normal. The company’s ibuprofen involves tablets and granular dosage forms, and the annual production capacity adds up to about 1 billion tablets (bags). "

　　4. Securities Times: It is imperative to clean up the market due to the proliferation of illegal e-cigarettes.

　　The Securities Times article pointed out that the national standard e-cigarette has been implemented for two months, and the sales of legal e-cigarettes are bleak. One of the major reasons behind this is the proliferation of a large number of illegal e-cigarettes. Regulatory authorities should protect the interests of legal e-cigarette practitioners and crack down on illegal e-cigarettes. Illegal e-cigarette sales do not need to consider tax issues, and products without tax can easily drive tax-included products out of the market. Cosmetics are similar to cigarettes, a large part of the terminal price is consumption tax, and cosmetics without tax can be sold very cheaply, which is the main product of duty-free shops. Legal e-cigarette enterprises that lack competitiveness can only rely on the regulatory authorities to crack down on black e-cigarettes to gain a chance. Without the strong protection of regulators, black e-cigarettes will be popular, which is not conducive to protecting minors and consumers.

　　5. Beijing added 1,170 local confirmed cases and 2,804 local asymptomatic infected people yesterday.

　　According to Beijing Daily, from 0: 00 to 24: 00 on December 6, there were 1,170 locally confirmed cases and 2,804 asymptomatic infected persons in Beijing (including 36 asymptomatic infected persons transferred to confirmed cases, of which 1,431 cases were notified), no new suspected cases, 3,738 isolated observers and 200 social screening personnel; 14 confirmed cases imported from abroad and 3 asymptomatic infected persons were added, and no suspected cases were added. 707 cases were cured and discharged, and 2434 cases of asymptomatic infection were released from medical observation.

　　6. The Supreme Leader will attend the China-Arab Summit, the China-Gulf Cooperation Council Summit and pay a state visit to Saudi Arabia.

　　According to Xinhuanet, Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Hua Chunying announced on December 7 that at the invitation of King Salman of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the Supreme Leader of president will go to Riyadh, Saudi Arabia from December 7 to 10 to attend the first China-Arab summit, the China-Gulf Cooperation Council summit and pay a state visit to Saudi Arabia.

　　7. CITIC Securities: In 2023, A-shares will gradually gather strength to continue the already started mid-term comprehensive repair trend.

　　CITIC Securities released the investment strategy of A-share market in 2023: multiple factors that have been suppressing A-shares since 2022 will usher in a turning point in 2023. In November 2022, the optimization of epidemic prevention policies and the development of real estate support have clearly defined the expected turning point of policies, and the economy has gradually stabilized and rebounded to the potential growth level, improving market risk appetite; It is expected that the interest rate hike in Europe and America will end in March 2023, and the inflection point of RMB exchange rate will appear and gradually appreciate, opening up the room for valuation repair; In the second half of 2023, the A-share profit turning point appeared, and the growth rate was more flexible, laying a solid foundation for medium-term repair. With the gradual emergence of the above three inflection points, A shares will gradually gather together in 2023, continuing the already started mid-term comprehensive repair trend, and the upward momentum will be stronger after entering the second quarter, in which foreign capital and private placement are the main sources of incremental funds throughout the year. The A-share market can be divided into two stages. The first stage is policy-driven, and on the way, it is suggested to focus on three main lines: precise prevention and control, real estate industry chain and global liquidity inflection point. In the second stage, the market is driven by performance, and the style is more growing. It is recommended to focus on the "four major safety" in configuration.

　　8. Domestic commodity futures opened mixed, and crude oil was among the top losers.

　　Domestic commodity futures opened mixed, SC crude oil fell by nearly 7%, low-sulfur fuel oil fell by more than 3%, and fuel oil and Shanghai Bank fell by more than 1%. In terms of increase, coke, Shanghai tin and coking coal rose by over 2%, while iron ore, No.20 rubber, palm oil, cotton, rubber, soda ash and vegetable oil rose by over 1%.

　　9. National Health Commission: Yesterday, 4,351 local confirmed cases were added and 20,764 local asymptomatic infections were added.

　　According to the data of National Health Commission, 4409 newly confirmed cases were reported in 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps from 0: 00 to 24: 00 on December 6. Among them, 58 cases were imported from abroad, including 8 cases from asymptomatic infected persons to confirmed cases (4 cases in Zhejiang, 3 cases in Guangdong and 1 case in Liaoning); There are 4351 local cases (1719 in Guangdong, 1170 in Beijing, 214 in Sichuan, 184 in Chongqing, 154 in Fujian, 154 in Henan, 118 in Heilongjiang, 94 in Zhejiang, 85 in Hainan, 80 in Guizhou, 77 in Inner Mongolia, 51 in Liaoning, 43 in Yunnan, 42 in Shaanxi, 40 in Jiangsu and 30 in Shandong). There were 5 cases in Anhui, 5 cases in Qinghai, 2 cases in Hebei, 2 cases in Xizang, 1 case in Jilin and 1 case in Guangxi), including 675 cases from asymptomatic infected persons to confirmed cases (433 cases in Guangdong, 56 cases in Chongqing, 55 cases in Heilongjiang, 36 cases in Beijing, 36 cases in Zhejiang, 22 cases in Fujian, 16 cases in Sichuan, 7 cases in Shanxi, 5 cases in Qinghai, 3 cases in Shandong, 2 cases in Henan, and 3 cases in Shandong. There were no new deaths. There are no new suspected cases. There were 20,912 new asymptomatic infections, including 148 imported cases and 20,764 local cases.

　　10、中共中央政治局召开会议分析研究2023年经济工作研究部署党风廉政建设和反腐败工作

　　据央视新闻，中共中央政治局12月6日召开会议，分析研究2023年经济工作；听取中央纪委国家监委工作汇报，研究部署2023年党风廉政建设和反腐败工作。中共中央总书记最高领袖主持会议。会议指出，明年要坚持稳字当头、稳中求进，继续实施积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策，加强各类政策协调配合，优化疫情防控措施，形成共促高质量发展的合力。积极的财政政策要加力提效，稳健的货币政策要精准有力，产业政策要发展和安全并举，科技政策要聚焦自立自强，社会政策要兜牢民生底线。要着力扩大国内需求，充分发挥消费的基础作用和投资的关键作用。要加快建设现代化产业体系，提升产业链供应链韧性和安全水平。要切实落实“两个毫不动摇”，增强我国社会主义现代化建设动力和活力。要推进高水平对外开放，更大力度吸引和利用外资。要有效防范化解重大经济金融风险，守住不发生系统性风险的底线。

　　11. The "Hainan Island Duty Free New Year Carnival Season" was officially launched today.

　　According to the Shanghai Stock Exchange, on the morning of December 7, Yao Lei, a first-class inspector of Hainan Provincial Department of Commerce, said at the press conference on tax-free promotion of consumption in Hainan Island that today, the "Hainan Island Tax-free New Year Carnival Season" was officially launched. According to reports, the event officially started today (December 7) until February 5, 2023 (the fifteenth day of the first lunar month), and it will not be closed in the New Year. It will be superimposed on the first Hainan International Duty-free Shopping Festival for Outlying Islands, which was launched on June 28 this year, to create a duty-free New Year’s carnival season in Hainan with "activities every day, discounts every week and themes every month".

　　General Administration of Customs: In the first 11 months of this year, China’s import and export increased by 8.6% year-on-year.

　　According to CCTV news, the General Administration of Customs announced today (7th) that the total value of China’s foreign trade import and export in the first 11 months of this year was 38.34 trillion yuan, up 8.6% year-on-year, and foreign trade continued to operate smoothly. Customs statistics show that in the first 11 months of this year, China’s total foreign trade import and export value was 38.34 trillion yuan, up 8.6% year-on-year. Among them, exports were 21.84 trillion yuan, up 11.9% year-on-year; Imports reached 16.5 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 4.6%. The structure of trade mode was further optimized, with general trade import and export reaching 24.47 trillion yuan, up 12.4% year-on-year, accounting for 63.8% of China’s total foreign trade import and export value, up 2.2 percentage points over the same period last year. In terms of commodity structure, China’s exports of mechanical and electrical products, especially new energy products, increased rapidly in the first 11 months.

　　13. General Administration of Customs: The total value of China’s imports and exports in the first 11 months was US$ 5.78 trillion, an increase of 5.9%.

　　According to data released by the General Administration of Customs on the 7th, China’s total import and export value in the first 11 months was 5.78 trillion US dollars, up 5.9%. Among them, exports were 3.29 trillion US dollars, up 9.1%; Imports were 2.49 trillion US dollars, up by 2%; The trade surplus was $802.04 billion, an increase of 39%.

　　14、特斯拉年末再降价现车限时补贴6000元

　　据中证报，12月7日，特斯拉宣布推出“叠加福利”――限时现车福利6000元。12月7日至12月31日，购买符合条件的特斯拉现车并完成交付，将额外享受6000元福利。(注：此前，特斯拉推出12月限时福利，包括现车保险补贴4000元、“宝箱”积分奖励20000分等。)

　　15、征求对经济工作的意见和建议中共中央召开党外人士座谈会最高领袖主持并发表重要讲话

　　央视新闻消息，中共中央在中南海召开党外人士座谈会，就今年经济形势和明年经济工作听取各民主党派中央、全国工商联负责人和无党派人士代表的意见和建议。中共中央总书记最高领袖主持座谈会并发表重要讲话强调，明年是全面贯彻落实中共二十大精神的开局之年，经济工作要坚持稳字当头、稳中求进，全面贯彻新发展理念，更好统筹疫情防控和经济社会发展，更好统筹发展和安全，继续实施积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策，加强各类政策协调配合，大力提振市场信心，把实施扩大内需战略同深化供给侧结构性改革有机结合起来，推动经济运行整体好转，为全面建设社会主义现代化国家开好局起好步。

　　16. Xinhua Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.: The subsidiary company has obtained the qualification of marketing license holder of ursodeoxycholic acid tablets for treating cholesterol gallstones.

　　Xinhua Pharmaceutical responded to investors’ questions on the interactive platform, saying that Xinda Pharmaceutical, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the company, has obtained the qualification of marketing license holder for ursodeoxycholic acid tablets, a drug for treating cholesterol gallstones.

　　17. Some enterprises involved are expected to leave the "unverified list" of the US.

　　According to china securities journal, relevant government agencies are assisting China enterprises listed in the "unverified list" by the US to get off the list. "After being included in the’ unverified list’, we have been communicating with the US through the government. After verification, the US will issue a report and then decide whether to exclude it. We are waiting for the final confirmation. " A person in charge of an enterprise listed as "unverified list" said, "As for which enterprises have received assistance and how it is progressing, we will see the results."

　　18. the State Council Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism: No longer check the negative certificate of nucleic acid test and health code for cross-regional migrants.

　　The State Council Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism issued the Notice on Further Optimizing the Implementation of Prevention and Control Measures for COVID-19 Epidemic, which stated that except for special places such as nursing homes, welfare homes, medical institutions, kindergartens, primary and secondary schools, negative nucleic acid test certificates are not required, and health codes are not checked. Important organs, large enterprises and some specific places can determine their own prevention and control measures by the territory. No longer check the negative certificate and health code of nucleic acid test for cross-regional floating personnel, and no longer carry out landing inspection.

　　19. Joint prevention and control mechanism in the State Council: further optimize nucleic acid detection.

　　The State Council issued the Notice on Further Optimizing the Implementation of Epidemic Prevention and Control by the Comprehensive Group of Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism for novel coronavirus Epidemic. Among them, it is proposed to further optimize nucleic acid detection. Do not carry out all-staff nucleic acid testing according to administrative regions, further narrow the scope of nucleic acid testing and reduce the frequency. According to the needs of epidemic prevention work, antigen testing can be carried out. The employees in high-risk posts and those in high-risk areas shall be tested for nucleic acid according to the relevant regulations, and other personnel are willing to do all the tests.

　　20. Joint prevention and control mechanism in the State Council: asymptomatic infected persons and light cases with home isolation conditions generally adopt home isolation.

　　The State Council joint prevention and control mechanism issued a notice on further optimizing the implementation of COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control measures. Among them, it is proposed to optimize and adjust the isolation mode. Infected people should be scientifically classified and treated. Asymptomatic infected people and light cases with home isolation conditions generally adopt home isolation, or they can voluntarily choose centralized isolation and treatment. Strengthen health monitoring during the period of home isolation, and release the isolation after two consecutive nucleic acid tests with Ct value ≥35 on the 6th and 7th day of isolation. If the condition gets worse, it will be transferred to a designated hospital for treatment in time. Close contacts with home isolation conditions can be isolated at home for 5 days, or they can choose centralized isolation voluntarily, and the isolation will be lifted after the nucleic acid test is negative on the fifth day.

　　21. Joint prevention and control mechanism in the State Council: scientifically and accurately divide risk areas.

　　The State Council issued the Notice on Further Optimizing the Implementation of Epidemic Prevention and Control by the Comprehensive Group of Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism for novel coronavirus Epidemic. Among them, it is proposed to scientifically and accurately divide the risk areas. According to buildings, units, floors and households, high-risk areas shall be designated, and shall not be arbitrarily extended to areas such as residential areas, communities and streets (townships). Any form of temporary blockade shall not be adopted.

　　22, epidemic prevention "new ten" released before the Spring Festival ticket search volume soared.

　　According to The Paper, on December 7th, the State Council issued a notice on further optimizing the implementation of COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control measures to the comprehensive group of novel coronavirus epidemic prevention and control mechanism, and stopped checking negative nucleic acid test certificates and health codes for cross-regional migrants, and stopped carrying out landing inspection. After the news was released, the instantaneous search volume of air tickets on Ctrip platform soared by 160%, among which the search volume of air tickets on the eve of the Spring Festival (the 25th day of the twelfth lunar month-New Year’s Eve) soared to the highest point in three years.

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The Volvo XC90 new energy is displayed in an elegant Nordic design style, with a unique and powerful front design. The air intake grille adopts a family-style design, and the exquisite chrome decoration makes it more visually recognizable. The overall lines are smooth and the body proportions are coordinated, which not only highlights the sense of luxury, but also takes into account the aerodynamic performance, showing the forward-looking and modern of new energy models.

In the side design, the Volvo XC90 New Energy shows a unique luxury atmosphere with its exquisite craftsmanship and dynamic profile. The body size reaches 4953mm*1958mm*1772mm, and the wheelbase reaches 2984mm. This size configuration provides passengers with a spacious interior space. The side lines are smooth and powerful, emphasizing the balance of power and elegance. Particularly striking is its tire specification, which uses 275/45 R20 wide tires at the front and rear, which not only provides excellent grip, but also adds a sporty visual effect to the vehicle. The wheel rim design is exquisite, which complements the body lines, showing the advanced sense and technological charm of the Volvo XC90 New Energy.

In terms of interior, Volvo XC90 New Energy has created a first-class luxury space with the design concept of refinement and comfort. In the spacious cockpit, the steering wheel is made of high-grade leather, which is not only delicate to the touch, but also has manual up and down + front and rear adjustment functions to ensure that the driver can get the best operation convenience in different driving conditions. The center console is equipped with a 9-inch high definition touch screen, integrated multimedia system, navigation and phone functions, which is full of technology and smooth operation. In terms of seat design, whether it is a mix of fabric and leather or the choice of high-end materials, it emphasizes the comfort of the ride. The main and passenger seats support front and rear adjustment, backrest adjustment and multi-directional electric adjustment, including leg rest adjustment, waist support, and even equipped with heating, ventilation and massage functions to provide passengers with all-round care. The addition of wireless charging function reflects the convenience of modern life. In short, the interior configuration of the XC90 new energy is designed to provide a practical and luxurious driving environment.

Volvo XC90 New Energy is equipped with a 2.0T turbocharged engine with a strong output of 310 horsepower and a maximum power of 228 kilowatts. This engine provides a peak torque of 400 Nm, and with an 8-speed automatic transmission, it ensures that the vehicle can show efficient power performance in various driving scenarios.

Summarizing the evaluation of the Autohome owner, he was full of praise for the exterior design of the Volvo XC90 New Energy, especially the simple atmosphere of the body line and the iconic Thor’s Hammer headlights, which impressed him. The owner believes that these design elements not only conform to his personal aesthetic, but also show a low-key and elegant temperament. In terms of driving experience, although the score of the rear may be slightly inferior to the front of the car, the overall XC90 New Energy undoubtedly satisfies his pursuit of quality and comfort.

　　[Analysis of Theory]

　　Author: Xie Chao (director and professor of China Knowledge System Research Center of Shanghai Lixin University of Accounting and Finance, researcher of Shanghai Supreme Leader New Era Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought Research Center)

　　Discourse is an important carrier of human language expression and an important tool for human information transmission. Chinese-style modernization is the modernization of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, which has unique theoretical connotation and discourse expression. In order to make the world understand Chinese modernization and break through the long-term monopoly of western modernization theory and practice, we must speed up the construction of Chinese modernization discourse system and enhance the international discourse right of Chinese modernization. To construct a Chinese-style modern discourse system, we should make it well-founded, reasonable and well-spoken.

　　speak on good grounds

　　The discourse system based on discourse not only represents the development mode of human practical activities in a specific historical stage, but also points to human existence and lifestyle. The construction of Chinese-style modernization discourse system should first be "well-founded", which should not only summarize the general experience in the historical process of human modernization, but also explain the practical achievements and success codes of Chinese-style modernization.

　　Summarize the general experience in the historical process of human modernization. In modern times, realizing modernization has become the common aspiration of different countries and nations. Different countries and nations are exploring the development path of modernization, and these explorations together constitute a magnificent chapter in the practice of human modernization. Socialization of production, marketization of economy, democratization of politics and legalization of society are of universal significance to the practice of human modernization. Chinese modernization is an important part of the process of human modernization. In the process of constructing Chinese-style modernization discourse system, we should first consider Chinese-style modernization in the general process of human modernization to avoid separating the relationship between Chinese-style modernization and human modernization and falling into self-talk.

　　Expounding the practical achievements and success codes of Chinese modernization. Chinese-style modernization has the general characteristics of modernization, but also has the characteristics of China. From the idea of "modernization" and "industrialization" put forward by the Communist Party of China (CPC) people with Comrade Mao Zedong as the main representative during the new-democratic revolution, the Communist Party of China (CPC) has led the people of China to explore modernization for nearly a hundred years. In the century-long exploration practice, the exploration methods, basic characteristics, exploration achievements, experiences and lessons in different historical development stages are different. The summary of the practical experience of Chinese modernization constitutes the original "material" for the construction of Chinese modernization discourse system. Of course, with these primitive "materials", it is still impossible to construct a Chinese-style modern discourse system, and it needs to be further processed, that is, to extract and summarize the marked concepts and categories from practical experience.

　　Words make sense.

　　The so-called "words in words" is to abstract and summarize the practical experience of Chinese modernization, and extract the marked concepts and categories from it. Concept is the basic element of discourse system, which originates from objective facts and constructs categories, propositions and theories in discourse system through specific logical relations. For the construction of Chinese modernization discourse system, its conceptual category should not only reflect the core connotation of Chinese modernization, but also be easily accepted and understood by the international community.

　　Be good at creating concepts and categories that can reflect the core connotation of Chinese modernization. Discourse system consists of a series of relatively fixed concepts, categories, expressions and theories, among which concepts and categories occupy a fundamental position in the whole discourse system. Only on the basis of laying the basic concepts and categories can we construct the theoretical framework of Chinese modernization and explain the scientific connotation and basic characteristics of Chinese modernization clearly. Refining and creating a series of marked concepts and categories that can reflect and embody the core connotation of Chinese modernization is a necessary prerequisite for building a discourse system of Chinese modernization.

　　Be good at creating concepts and categories that are easily understood and accepted by the international community. The generation of discourse and the construction of discourse system are not a process of self-talk, but require communication and exchange between different discourse subjects. Only by creating new concepts, new categories and new expressions that are easy to be understood and accepted by the international community can we guide the international community to study and discuss Chinese modernization. If the concepts and categories we have created are not easily accepted and recognized by the international community, then it will be difficult for this discourse system to have its due influence and to play and realize its due value.

　　sound reasonable

　　"It makes sense", that is, the discourse system of Chinese modernization must rely on the theoretical system and knowledge system of Chinese modernization. If we only explain the content of Chinese modernization within the framework of concepts and categories provided by the West, we will fall into the "discourse trap" of Western modernization.

　　The discourse system of Chinese modernization needs to be supported by the theoretical system. Theoretical system is people’s systematic cognition and exposition of the nature and laws of things, while discourse system is the expression form and language carrier of theoretical system. Only through the discourse system can the theoretical system show the cognition of the nature and laws of the research object, and the discourse system will be convincing only by relying on the theoretical system. As far as Chinese-style modernization is concerned, its theoretical system embodies and reflects the achievements of understanding the essence and laws of Chinese-style modernization, including the basic connotation, main categories, essential characteristics, realization paradigm, evolution law and so on. It is the foundation and support of constructing Chinese modern discourse system. In the process of constructing the discourse system of Chinese modernization, we must constantly promote the innovation and development of the theoretical system of Chinese modernization, and enhance and strengthen the discourse influence of Chinese modernization in the two-way interaction between the theoretical system and the discourse system.

　　Innovating the theoretical system of Chinese modernization in the unity of generality and individuality. Theoretical system is the understanding and reflection of the nature and law of the research object, and the construction of Chinese modern discourse system can not be separated from the innovation of theoretical system. Chinese-style modernization is the organic unity between the universal law of modernization and the special form. On the one hand, Chinese modernization is an important part of human modernization practice and has the common characteristics of modernization. On the other hand, Chinese modernization is carried out in a unique way in the soil and ecology of China, with distinctive China characteristics. Report to the 20th CPC National Congress, the Communist Party of China, summarized the China characteristics in five aspects of Chinese modernization, which profoundly revealed the scientific connotation of Chinese modernization. Only the common characteristics of modernization without China characteristics, or only the characteristics of China without the common characteristics of modernization, are not Chinese modernization. To innovate and develop the theoretical system of Chinese modernization, it is necessary to deal with the relationship between the general characteristics of modernization and the characteristics of China.

　　Speak well.

　　The construction of discourse system is a complex systematic project. The so-called "well-spoken" means to spread the stories, experiences and theories of Chinese modernization in different ways.

　　Realize the coordinated development of Chinese modern political discourse, academic discourse and life discourse. As a language expression, the same object of expression may contain different forms of discourse expression. As far as Chinese modernization is concerned, there are different forms of discourse expression in practice, such as political discourse, academic discourse and life discourse. In the process of constructing Chinese-style modern discourse system, we should pay attention to the organic unity and coordinated development of political discourse, academic discourse and life discourse. Specifically, political discourse should clearly explain the goals, directions and principles of Chinese modernization in authoritative and rigorous language; Academic discourse should clearly explain the theoretical basis, historical origin, development vein, development method, development path and development prospect of Chinese modernization in scientific, normative and abstract language; Life discourse should clearly explain the development, changes and achievements of Chinese modernization in lively and easy-to-spread language.

　　Comprehensive use of different communication methods to improve the communication efficiency of Chinese modernization. In the process of spreading Chinese-style modernization stories, experiences and theories, we should not only adopt appropriate communication language, but also adopt targeted communication methods. On the one hand, we should make good use of traditional media and communication platforms, and comprehensively use sound, image, text and video to tell the story of Chinese modernization and convey the experience and theory of Chinese modernization; On the other hand, make full use of the positive role of big data, artificial intelligence, blockchain and other information technologies in news collection, production, distribution, reception and feedback, and explore ways and means for information technology to empower Chinese-style modernization to spread internationally, so as to realize the wisdom and precision of Chinese-style modernization. Only in this way can we expand the new space of international communication of Chinese modernization and comprehensively improve the efficiency of international communication of Chinese modernization.

Original Jason Lu Shiqing Shanghai Law Society

Jason Lu, Vice President of Labor Law Research Association of Shanghai Law Society, Director and Chief Partner of Shanghai Jiangsanjiao Law Firm.

Shi Qing, lawyer of Shanghai Jiangsanjiao Law Firm.

synopsis

A major feature of the sharing economy is to mobilize and match service providers through the big data mining of platform enterprises’ demand for consumers. As a result, the working time and space conditions in the sense of past labor relations have been diluted, and it is difficult for a large number of service providers to seek treatment and relief under them. Taking representative cases as samples, this paper makes a subtle analysis of the power structure of employers and employees in platform enterprises in different industries, and finds that although the contractual relationship between the two parties is different from the legal relationship model of labor relations in the past, the management of platform enterprises is actually strengthened. This reinforcement is embodied in ten aspects, such as deposit/deposit, training and attendance, remuneration payment, service provision, assessment and punishment, rewards and subsidies, collection and use of personal information, ownership of intellectual property rights, exclusion of competition and risk outsourcing. All kinds of social subjects in the risk control end, the labor-capital game end and the system design end are in their proper positions, which is a possible way to solve the systemic risk.

Keywords: sharing economy, digital labor, labor disputes, labor relations

I. Background

(A) the sharing economy in recent years: the momentum is rapid, and labor disputes have emerged.

Since 2012, with the emergence of "Didi taxi", the sharing economy has gradually entered the stage of Chinese economic history. Since then, in addition to e-commerce, mobile payment, audio sharing, online rental and bike-sharing have followed. In 2015, it was called "the first year of sharing economy". The sharing economy began to cover all aspects of social life, and services such as driving, housekeeping, beauty, hairdressing, cooking, and daily necessities maintenance became Internet-based.

A major feature of the sharing economy operation model is that at the application level, platform enterprises mobilize and match service providers through big data mining of "information platforms". This new employment mode has realized the digitalization and informationization of business information, work instructions, fund settlement and market evaluation, and the working time and space conditions in the past sense have been diluted.

Therefore, issues such as the protection of the rights and interests of service providers have gradually emerged, and related disputes have begun to arise. These disputes include not only individual disputes between the anchor of the live broadcast platform and domestic service personnel, but also group disputes such as online freight drivers and take-away riders.

In April 2018, Beijing Chaoyang Court analyzed 188 labor dispute cases of Internet platform enterprises tried from 2015 to the first quarter of 2018. In addition, the courts in Shanghai and Jiangsu have also published the gist of the relevant cases through the official media. China is exploring the legal issues of employment in platform enterprises.

(B) Labor relations in digital labor: from "ism" to "problems"

There is a long-standing dispute about the identification of labor relations under the platform of sharing economy (Internet platform). In 2014-2015, the practitioners, including government officials, judges and lawyers, almost overwhelmingly believed that in the context of the country’s vigorous development of the "internet plus", the external employment in the sharing economy should apply a more relaxed labor relations identification standard. Only some labor law scholars suggest that we should learn from the experience of Germany, Italy and Japan to avoid the situation of "marginal people without basic salary, unnecessary expense reimbursement, social security, high turnover rate and no economic compensation". With the expansion of the scope of the dispute, practical and theoretical research has gradually deepened. Sociologists began to use the method of field investigation to study the service providers’ professional psychology, and labor relations scholars also began to conduct quantitative research on the control of labor process by capital through internet technology. However, some network law scholars noticed the essence of the "illegal rise" of the sharing economy earlier, and continued to pay attention to the definition of property rights and the avoidance of responsibility in the integration of social resources from the two dimensions of digital labor and platform economy. These studies indicate that the understanding of the employment relationship in the sharing economic platform is gradually moving from an "ism" debate to a detailed and rational "technology" study. This paper selects several typical cases of sharing economic platform, and through the subtle analysis of the power structure of employers and employees behind the cases, reveals the logic behind the court decision, and puts forward some governance suggestions to expand the horizon to pay attention to the allocation of rights and obligations of various participants.

Second, the typical case and the representation of legal relationship

(1) Share typical cases of labor disputes on the economic platform

1. Zhang and Shanghai Lekuai Information Technology Co., Ltd. labor dispute case (chef case)

In this case, the defendant company operates an APP called "Good Chef", which can make online appointments for chefs to provide cooking services. The plaintiff, on the other hand, is an "online contract chef", who is dissatisfied with the company’s "stop paying wages" and appealed to arbitration, demanding that the two parties be confirmed as a labor relationship rather than a contractual "cooperative relationship", and that the company pay double wages, overtime pay, illegal termination of labor compensation, etc. After arbitration, first instance and second instance, the court of second instance finally confirmed the labor relationship between the two parties and supported their claim for economic compensation.

2. Liu v. Tianjin Wubadaojia Life Service Co., Ltd. (manicurist case)

In this case, the plaintiff signed a contract to settle in the beautiful APP platform operated by the defendant and signed the "58 Home Service Agreement". Later, the plaintiff unilaterally terminated the labor contract because the defendant did not pay social insurance and did not pay labor remuneration in full, and appealed to arbitration for confirmation of labor relations and payment of corresponding compensation. In this case, the plaintiff did not confirm the labor relationship because of the lack of proof submitted by the defendant to prove his management.

3. Xue Mou et al. v. Shanghai Shenzhou Huadong Car Rental Co., Ltd. and other motor vehicle traffic accident liability dispute case (car driver case)

At the same time, this case involves the network car driver, the network car platform company (Shenzhou company), the outsourcing company and the infringed party. Xue was injured by Shimou, the driver of Zhaoshi, who was a formal employee of the outsourcing company at the time of the accident and was performing the operation business distributed by the network car platform company. In addition, the accident vehicle is a non-operating vehicle registered under the name of the network car platform company. Subsequently, Xue sued Shimou, the platform company and the outsourcing company to the court. Because the court of first instance only found that Shimou had a labor relationship with the outsourcing company, it ruled that the outsourcing company was liable for compensation other than traffic compulsory insurance, while the network car platform company was not liable for the employer. Xue appealed to the network car platform company and the outsourcing company to bear joint liability. The court of second instance supported its claim.

4. He and Shanghai Panda Mutual Entertainment Culture Co., Ltd. confirmed the labor relations dispute appeal case (anchor case). The plaintiff in this case was a game anchor who settled in the defendant’s live broadcast network platform company and signed an exclusive cooperation agreement with the defendant. Because the plaintiff believed that the two parties were in a labor relationship, he filed a labor arbitration to determine the relationship, and the defendant paid double wages for the unsigned labor contract. After arbitration, first instance and second instance, the court finally failed to support its request.

5. Li and Beijing Tongcheng Bing Technology Co., Ltd. confirmed the labor relations dispute case (flash courier case)

In this case, Li, a flasher, had a traffic accident when he was engaged in the flasher business. In order to enjoy the treatment of work-related injury insurance, he sued the operator of the "flasher" platform to the court to confirm the existence of labor relations between the two parties. The key to this case is that the court broke through the business scope of the platform company and determined that it actually provided cargo transportation business, and then confirmed the labor relationship between the two parties through the judgment elements of labor relations.

(B) Representation: a legal relationship model different from previous labor relations.

It is worth noting that although the chef case and the flash courier case have confirmed the labor relationship between the two parties, they are still relatively few in all similar cases. In the current labor dispute cases of the sharing economic platform, the sharing economic platform almost invariably refuses to recognize the labor relationship with the service provider, while the court mainly examines the subject nature, management behavior, remuneration payment and business subordination according to the Notice on Establishing Labor Relations issued by the Ministry of Labor and Social Security in 2005. Accordingly, the legal relationship model of sharing economic platform presents the following four characteristics which are different from those of previous labor relations.

1. "Bring your own dry food" practitioners

"Bring your own dry food" means that service providers may complete their tasks with their own work materials and ability. Internet platforms only provide business information and settlement support, and services are provided without the cooperation of other practitioners. The combination of labor relations is that employees must be attached to the employer and complete their work with the cooperation of other workers under the organization of the employer.

2. The business nature of "lump sum"

In the past identification of labor relations, the employers or organizations of employees often mastered the internal standards and external pricing of the products they produced, and supervised the industry access and the implementation of industry standards. However, at least in the early days, the sharing economy platform often does not regulate the access of practitioners, service standards and pricing. Some platforms even allow practitioners to get paid directly from customers, and practitioners are almost "all-in" self-employed. Of course, the internal and external responsibilities caused by them are also borne by practitioners.

3. Platform enterprises whose business scope is inconsistent with the business purpose.

Practitioners obtain service information from the Internet platform, but the Internet platform does not recognize the enjoyment of labor results. Platform enterprises often claim that they are actually engaged in the development and operation of application software and the integration and push of service information, and do not directly operate physical business. Therefore, there is a big gap between the labor of practitioners and the business scope of Internet platforms.

4. Weakened subordination

The subordination here is manifested in three levels:

First, the weakening of working time and space means that practitioners may have the autonomy to decide whether to work, working hours and even working forms, and are no longer on full-time standby and working. You only need a mobile phone to work all over the world.

Second, the attribute of task management is weakened, that is, the so-called grabbing orders instead of dispatching orders. After customers input consumption information into the Internet platform or the Internet platform to collect consumption information, they share the information in the practitioners’ terminals, and the practitioners choose to provide services or compete according to standards such as time sequence and distance, and the winners of the competition complete the consumption services.

Third, the core interests are weakened from the attributes, as shown in the second point.

Third, platform enterprises: the agreement excludes identification and actually strengthens management.

(1) Deposit/security deposit

Platform enterprises often collect deposits from service providers. The role of the deposit seems obvious, that is, the use fee of the means of production: for example, in the chef case, the platform enterprise said that the deposit was "the rental fee for providing chef’s clothes and cooking utensils, and it would be returned when the items were returned". In addition, some platforms also charge a deposit for transactions. For example, in a case of a manicurist service platform, the platform enterprise agreed that a manicurist should use the platform to obtain service order information, and should pay the deposit to the platform.

However, the use of this deposit/margin is often intertwined with the functions of other platform enterprises. The production materials provided by the platform enterprises are accompanied by the platform logo, and the obligation to pay the deposit/deposit actually constitutes the propaganda obligation of the service provider and the platform packaging of the platform to the service provider. The deposit/security deposit is also used to deduct the share drawn by the platform enterprise from the service fee, and the platform enterprise can also deduct the cost of using the means of production by the service provider from the remuneration it receives. In addition, some platform enterprises will also use the deposit as a weight to retain service providers when they are restructured, such as stipulating that "resignation within six months will not be refunded, resignation within six months to one year will be refunded by half, and full refund will be made after one year".

(2) Training and attendance

Also based on the requirements of standardized services and the consideration of platform packaging, platform enterprises often conduct pre-job training. For example, in the case of manicurist, platform enterprises require to participate in standardized training for services according to the order service standards formulated by them during the trial period. According to the manicurist, the training content includes nail technology, service process, how to use the beautiful APP platform and how to serve customers, etc., and there is income during the training period.

In addition, platform enterprises are not without attendance requirements. In the chef’s case, the chef said that he had to report to the office and dispatch station of the company’s management staff at 10: 00 in the morning, and he had to report here at 18: 30 in the evening, in the form of punching in, and his salary would be deducted if he was late. In the manicurist case, the manicurist also said that the platform enterprise stipulated the manicurist’s rest time in the APP platform, and there were four days’ rest in a month. The leave had to go through the platform, and he had to call the team leader appointed by the platform enterprise, and the team leader could rest only after applying for approval.

(3) Payment of remuneration

As the core point of determining the legal relationship between the two parties, remuneration payment needs special attention. Under the background of revenue sharing, platform enterprises often master pricing, control distribution and issue fixed "bonuses" on a monthly basis, but legally exclude monthly remuneration as the qualitative nature of wages.

1. Revenue sharing model

The compensation distribution mode between platform enterprises and service providers can be divided into two types according to whether the platform enterprises draw from it. In the case that the platform enterprises do not draw, the main business purpose is to collect information from the supply and demand sides, and the profit point is mostly advertising fees; In the case of platform enterprises, the profit point has shifted. In the case of the chef, the platform enterprise provides the chef with the above two revenue sharing methods, and the chef chooses the second one, that is, he not only accepts the door-to-door cooking service appointed by customers through the platform, but also is willing to accept the door-to-door cooking service appointed and dispatched by Party A.. At this time, the customer’s service fee is allocated by both parties, and the platform pays the chef’s expenses caused by scheduling. In the manicurist case, both parties agreed that the information service fee collected by the platform was 20% of the monthly service fee collected by the platform.

2. Pricing power of services

On the surface, self-employed people should enjoy the right to price the services they provide, including the right to decide the initial price and the right to adjust the price according to the objective situation or customer requirements in the actual service process. However, in practice, platform enterprises tend to firmly control the price agreed by both parties on the platform to prevent breach of contract or fraud from damaging the interests of the platform. For example, in the case of the chef, the platform enterprise agreed that the service price of the chef should not be modified without authorization once it is released. If the service price is changed to the reserved customer without authorization in violation of the regulations, the platform enterprise has the right to immediately terminate its cooperation relationship and demand compensation for the corresponding losses.

3. Settlement object

That is, whether the fees paid by customers are paid directly to the service provider or through the platform. In the case of manicurists, the platform claims that the income of manicurists comes from the service fees paid by manicurists in cash (that is, offline) or online. However, in its agreement with manicurists, it is written that the manicurists use the information services provided by the platform. After the trial period expires, the platform enterprises should be fully entrusted to collect and manage the service payment for orders on their behalf. At the time of settlement, the platform enterprise has the right to deduct the information service fee that the service provider should pay to the platform. In the case of Chef, the platform enterprise also recognized that the money received by the service provider was the cooperation fee paid by the platform enterprise as an intermediary platform after collecting the service payment from consumers.

4. The nature, standard and settlement cycle of remuneration

Platform enterprises often do not recognize the remuneration as wages, but recognize the remuneration as a "package income" mainly based on "incentive bonus". For example, in the case of the manicurist, although the platform enterprise advocates that the service provider’s labor remuneration on the platform comes from the service fee paid by the customers who receive nail services, it also agrees that the service provider can earn no less than 10,000 yuan per month (including meal supplement, order incentive bonus and other rewards that can be obtained according to the platform incentive policy) on the premise that the service provider abides by the relevant agreements. In the case of the chef, the platform enterprise claims that the remuneration paid is the cooperation fee including the over-single reward. In the anchor case, the two parties agreed that if the anchor reaches the minimum monthly live broadcast days, monthly average daily live broadcast times and monthly live broadcast duration, it will receive RMB 7,000. However, although the platform enterprises have agreed on a series of conditions for the payment of remuneration, they are still paid on a fixed monthly basis when actually paying.

(4) Provision of services

Corresponding to remuneration payment is service provision. In the process of service provision, platform enterprises often strictly control the service provider, the time and place of service, the right to choose and refuse.

1. Personal exclusivity

First of all, consistent with the agreements on publishing, performance and technology development, the service provider must provide services by himself, showing strong personal specificity. For example, the entry agreement of a live broadcast platform stipulates that "without the written consent of the platform, it is not allowed to directly or indirectly or in any way complete the live broadcast content agreed in this agreement by itself or entrust a third party", and once it is violated, the platform has the right to immediately terminate the contract and take the unpaid webcast fee as liquidated damages. If the amount of liquidated damages is still insufficient to compensate for the loss of the platform, the service provider should also make supplementary compensation.

2. Time and place of service

For the on-site service requirements put forward by customers, platform enterprises often require service providers to arrive at the service location on time. In the case of chef, if the platform enterprise agreed that the customer would make an appointment for home cooking to the service provider through the platform, the service provider should arrive at the service place to provide cooking service for the customer within the time agreed by the customer. In the manicurist case, if the service provider fails to arrive at the service location required by the customer on time, the platform has the right to punish until the cooperation relationship is terminated.

3. The right to choose and refuse services

Does the service provider have the right to choose customers? Under the mode of grabbing orders, service providers certainly have the right to choose customers, although the result of selection is uncertain. However, in the delivery mode, customers place orders online through APP software, and platform enterprises will give priority to pushing a service provider according to the geographical location of the service provider. At this time, the service provider will lose the right to choose.

So in this case, does the service provider have the right to refuse? This has become the main concern of judges and both parties in the identification of labor relations in platform enterprises. For example, in the chef case, if the court asks this question in court, the platform enterprise can refuse the answer, but it will affect the good award. If the service provider has no time, the platform enterprise can arrange others, but it needs to consult the customer in advance whether to accept or withdraw the order; The chef advocates that you can’t refuse to take orders, and if you refuse, you will deduct your salary. There are similar opposing views in the manicurist case.

(5) Supervision, assessment and punishment

Based on the comprehensive interests of platform enterprises and service providers, they often supervise and assess service providers and give corresponding disciplinary measures. For example, in the format agreement for the live broadcast of a platform, it is stipulated that platform enterprises have the right to formulate platform operation system and management rules for anchors, manage and supervise anchors, and have the right to adjust or change corresponding rules according to operation conditions, and the anchors understand and agree with this; In addition, the platform also has the right to inspect and judge the anchor, so as to establish (cancel) the reward or punishment for the anchor. The specific inspection items and standards shall be formulated separately by the platform, without the additional consent of the anchor.

In the manicurist case, the platform enterprise not only has assessment, but also has irregular disciplinary system: during the validity of the agreement, the platform has the right to assess the service providers irregularly, and has the right to classify the enjoyment level of order information services according to the assessment results and formulate information service policies and related systems during the assessment period. If the service fails to satisfy the customer and the customer complains, the platform has the right to impose a scoring disciplinary system on the manicurist. If the customer scores a certain number of bad reviews or complaints, the platform has the right to terminate the cooperative relationship with the manicurist and ask Party B to compensate the corresponding losses.

(6) Awards and subsidies

The reward and subsidy system of platform enterprises has also become an important incentive to attract service providers to register. For example, in the manicurist case, platform enterprises will pay subsidies according to the amount of bills, the amount of bills and customer evaluation. At the same time, however, platform enterprises also stipulate that "in order to adapt to the changing market policies and situation, the platform has the right to introduce certain incentive policies such as transportation subsidies and incentive bonuses from time to time, but service providers do not have the right to demand compensation, compensation or claim such subsidies, bonuses and other incentive funds in any way", which limits the right of service providers to claim them as wages. In the online live broadcast industry, where the gifteconomy is the most widely used, the service provider obtains the benefits by obtaining the virtual props donated by the users according to the exchange rules and sharing ratio formulated by the platform, and the rewards are directly linked to the customer evaluation (gifts).

(7) Collection and use of personal information

The transfer of personal information of service providers is also worthy of attention. In fact, as an important asset of platform enterprises, the acquisition of personal information of service providers is an inevitable requirement of platform brand promotion. In the settlement agreement of the live broadcast platform, it is often stipulated that the platform has the right to use the anchor’s name (including but not limited to your real name, pen name, screen name, previous name and any character symbol representing your identity) and portrait (including but not limited to real portrait and cartoon portrait, etc.) for all kinds of publicity. In the case of the chef, the two parties agreed that the chef "knows and agrees to provide some private information such as his own identity information and contact information to the platform and publish it", and at the same time "knows and agrees that the price corresponding to the cooking service he provides will be published and published by the platform. On the other hand, some platforms also take the publicity and promotion of service providers as a service. For example, in the case of manicurists, the platform will manage and display personal information and order service information for manicurists, and will push and promote them as "value-added services".

(8) Ownership of intellectual property rights

In the case that the provision of services will produce intellectual property rights, platform enterprises often determine their ownership through agreements. For example, it is stipulated in the agreement of a live broadcast platform that all intellectual property rights (including but not limited to intellectual property rights such as copyright and trademark rights and all related derivative rights), ownership and related rights of all achievements (including but not limited to commentary videos and audio, and any words, videos and audio related to the matters in this agreement) generated by the service provider during the live webcast of the platform shall be enjoyed by the platform enterprise. All this is free and unlimited. Without the written consent of the platform, the anchor shall not use or provide or authorize any third party in any way and obtain any income.

(9) Eliminate competition

On the basis of determining the rights, the platform enterprises will request to exclude the possibility of any competition among service providers. For example, in the anchor case, it is stipulated in the live broadcast agreement between the two parties: the anchor agrees to use the live broadcast platform as an exclusive platform for live internet sharing, and He promises not to share the live broadcast on any third-party internet platform outside the platform without the written consent of the platform during the cooperation period. The anchor shall not broadcast live games outside the scope specified or recognized by the platform, and shall not broadcast live in the name of non-platform recognition; Without the prior written consent of the platform, no non-platform product introduction is allowed; Do not undertake any commercial activities of any competitive platform during the agreement period, and do not upload the video uploaded to the platform directly or through a third party to the competitive platform.

It is worth noting that, despite a slight lack of supervision, some sharing economic platforms based on manual labor will still agree with service providers on "excluding competition" clauses. In the case of flash courier, the two parties agreed that "couriers should not provide services for other platforms at the same time", which eventually led to the court’s decision to confirm labor relations to some extent.

(X) Risk outsourcing

Even with the above-mentioned behaviors, platform enterprises often think that service providers are self-employed people at their own risk and should guarantee their services for defects. In both the manicurist case and the chef case, the platform pleaded that "the service provider is a freelancer who provides services to customers with his own skills at his own risk". The live broadcast platform also stipulates a "safeharbour" exemption: if the anchor results contain other people’s intellectual property rights, portrait rights, name rights or other legitimate rights and interests, it should ensure that the legal authorization of the relevant rights holders has been obtained, and it has the right to authorize the platform to be used permanently and free of geographical restrictions; In case of violation of the regulations, the platform has the right to require the anchor payment platform to pay the relevant fees to the other party by itself or by entrusting a third party, and deduct them from the webcast fee of the anchor in equal amount, and the insufficient part of the anchor should be supplemented; If the platform suffers any economic and reputational losses, the anchor shall make full compensation and be responsible for eliminating the adverse effects.

Another typical method of transferring risks is outsourcing. In the case of traffic accidents of car drivers, platform enterprises try to avoid the possibility of being liable to employers because of the car drivers’ job behavior by letting them sign labor contracts with outsourcing companies. Platform enterprises believe that according to Road traffic accident responsibility confirmation, the cause of the accident is improper operation of the driver, not the vehicle itself involved, and the platform enterprise is only the owner of the vehicle and there is no fault, so it should not bear any responsibility; The outsourcing company, which is also a wholly-owned subsidiary of the platform enterprise, voluntarily assumes the responsibility beyond the insurance scope. For the internet catering platform, it has become normal to outsource the labor relations of food delivery staff to other companies.

It should be noted that based on the business logic of sharing economic platform, although most of its management measures can be attributed to the above ten points, not all of them are applicable to a certain platform. For example, some platforms do not necessarily require service providers to provide guarantees, and some platforms do not necessarily restrict the competition of service providers or emphasize the ownership of intellectual property rights.

Nevertheless, it is still necessary to consider whether controlling one point or several points can actually lead to global control in management in the process of realizing commercial purposes of platform enterprises. For example, even if there are requirements for the anchor to get paid, such as the minimum number of days of monthly live broadcast (15 days), the average number of people per month (3,000 people per day) and the length of time (80 hours), such restrictions undoubtedly rule out any possibility that the anchor can use his major to do the same or similar work during the service period. You don’t just need a mobile phone to work all over the world at any time; But even if you only need a mobile phone, you must work on this platform every day. This leverage effect on the control of service providers is particularly worthy of attention under the background of the obvious trend of oligopoly pattern in various industries.

Fourth, the turn of the court: weighing the protection of rights and interests and sharing economic development

In the case of confirming labor relations, the judge first considers whether the individual has personal and organizational subordination, that is, how many "management privileges" the platform enterprises have.

For example, in the manicurist case, the reasons why the court found that the two sides did not belong to labor relations included:

(1) It is agreed by both parties that manicurists can choose their own working hours and working places, and there is no need to work in shifts, and there is no special and fixed office space;

(2) Both parties agree that the settlement method of the service fee includes online payment by the customer, which is paid to the manicurist on a monthly basis after deducting the information service fee from the platform, or the customer pays the manicurist directly in cash, so the income of the manicurist is composed of the customer service fee rather than paid labor arranged by the platform enterprise;

(3) The business scope of the platform enterprise is the collection and release of business supply information, excluding the operation of manicure business, so the manicure service provided by manicurists is not a part of the platform enterprise.

However, in the case of 2018, the author saw the turn of some local courts, especially Beijing courts. Its turn mainly considers the fairness of rights protection, the consistency of rights and obligations and the anti-risk ability of the contending subject.

(1) Fairness

In fact, behind fairness is the ranking of values worthy of national protection. For example, when it comes to citizens’ basic rights, such as labor safety and health, citizens’ health rights, etc., the court will tend to protect the disadvantaged party in the dispute. However, the court will treat it with caution if it involves demands such as double wages for unsigned labor contracts. For example, in the chef case, although the court found that the subordinate relationship between the two parties conforms to the essential characteristics of labor relations, at the same time, based on the signed Cooperation Agreement, the relevant labor rights and interests of the chef were legally guaranteed, so the service provider’s claim of double wage difference without signing a written labor contract was not supported.

(2) Consistency of rights and obligations

In addition to fairness, courts sometimes consider the consistency of rights and obligations of platform enterprises. For example, in the driver’s case, the court held that the vehicle was owned by the platform company, and the platform company also insured it. After the incident, the insurance company assumed the responsibility of claim settlement, and the original judgment found that the platform company did not assume the responsibility of claim settlement, which was inconsistent with law and reason; Moreover, the driver of the special car drives the vehicle of the platform company to operate according to the instructions of the platform company, and the car calling service and the payment of the fare of the relevant special car are operated through the platform company, and the proceeds also belong to the platform company. Since the platform company enjoys the rights, it should bear the corresponding liability for compensation.

In the case of flash courier, the judge even pointed out that platform enterprises should not bear the legal and social responsibilities they should bear because they have adopted new technical means and new business methods.

(3) Ability to resist risks

The application of anti-risk ability first appears in the distribution of burden of proof. For example, in the chef case, the court held that the platform company, as a network company, has the ability and obligation to prove the details of the "cooperation" between its company and the chef under the business model with the mobile Internet as the background, so as to prove that the "cooperation" process between the two parties fully conforms to the terms stipulated in its cooperation agreement. Although the platform company claims that the remuneration paid to chefs on the 15th of each month is cooperation fees such as over-the-counter rewards, not wages, as the remuneration issuer, it has not provided evidence to prove the calculation details and specific basis for paying chefs’ remuneration, nor has it provided evidence to prove that the "Good Chef" platform reward policy has been delivered to the chefs or reached an agreement with them, so it should be considered that this fee is the nature of wages.

In addition, the judgment standard of anti-risk ability is also directly reflected in the system design of labor management. In the case of flash courier, the judge held that as a company operating by using new technical means, it can fully use the advantages of information technology to realize legal operation and management. The court cannot refuse to provide basic rights relief to workers because the relevant supporting system is not perfect. Therefore, the responsibility of reducing employment risks is directly assigned to the enterprises sharing the economic platform.

V. Jiang Triangle Viewpoint: The governance of labor disputes in the sharing economy requires the social subjects to "take their places".

However, the turn of the above courts is only a very small number in the current overall judicial decisions. Based on the local court’s consideration of the local political and economic environment and many other subjective and objective reasons, it is still difficult for the system implementation end to make long-term considerations such as the case of flash courier. Therefore, the author believes that in the management of labor disputes in the sharing economy, we should broaden our horizons to pay attention to the distribution of rights and obligations of various participants, which is mainly reflected in risk control, labor-capital game and system design.

(1) Risk control end

The prevention of disputes within enterprises is the main barrier to control risks, but nowadays platform enterprises generally fail to completely exhaust the existing labor system subjectively or objectively. Positive cases, such as an Internet electronic equipment maintenance platform, also encountered many personnel management confusion problems that start-up Internet companies often encountered when it was established in 2015. After systematic employment design, through outsourcing relationship, labour relation, labor dispatch relationship, and applying for special working hours under standard labor relations, the risk management and control of employment in Internet platform enterprises are completed. The systematic design of employment mode not only gives service providers a sense of belonging, but also curbs the current situation of service providers "taking private jobs", thus achieving a win-win situation between labor and capital, making this enterprise one of the few industry unicorns.

(B) Labor-capital game end

Another reason for frequent labor disputes in platform enterprises is the lack of collective organization and collective bargaining. A positive case, for example, in Shanghai in early 2018, the first online food delivery industry trade union in China-Putuo District Online Food Delivery Industry Trade Union Federation was established. There are five online food delivery workers’ unions established in Putuo District, and more than 400 online food delivery workers have joined the unions. In addition, the advantage of Internet economy lies in the perfect evaluation system, and the ubiquitous digital labor is providing channels for civil supervision. For example, the Shanghai Food and Drug Administration has piloted an internal reporting system for take-away food delivery staff, encouraging more than 30,000 take-away food delivery staff in Shanghai to find and report the problem merchants on the online ordering platform at the first time. This system, to some extent, shares the regulatory responsibility of platform enterprises.

(3) System design end

A typical case of system design is the Interim Measures for the Administration of Online Booking Taxi Operating Services jointly issued by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and the Ministry of Communications in 2016. This method provides detailed regulations on the network car platform company, vehicles and drivers of the network car, and the management behavior of the network car, which largely regulates the benefit distribution of the network car industry in China and affects its development pattern. However, in other industries, the value distribution link of the sharing economy has been seriously neglected, and the corresponding system design is extremely lacking. To understand the value distribution state of sharing economy, firstly, it is necessary to comprehensively analyze the temporal and spatial pedigree of digital labor, and secondly, it is necessary to analyze the formation and development model of sharing economy platform. In addition, what is special for China is that the Internet economy (or digital economy) and the network security problems it brings almost coincide with globalization. A major feature of its business model is to break through the boundaries of the atomic world (national boundaries). In this bit world, the global ecology of digital economy industry and the flow of value chain are equally worthy of attention.

In recent years, the global Internet economy has developed rapidly, and it has continuously impacted a country’s existing systems such as competition law, copyright law, privacy law, labor and employment law. The platform economy lies in the development mode of Internet enterprises, and its risks are often accompanied by huge benefits. On the other hand, Internet companies in China are constantly going abroad, and some of them have even become a model for a country to learn from. Therefore, China should take the lead in controlling the systemic risks of the whole society that may be caused by Internet platform enterprises, and China Internet enterprises should take the corresponding social responsibilities.

Shanghai Law Society welcomes your contribution.

fxhgzh@vip.163.com

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Source: Shanghai Law Research, Volume 15, 2019 (Labor Law Research Volume). Please indicate the source when quoting and reprinting.

Original title: "Jason Lu Shiqing: A Judicial Case Study of Typical Labor Disputes in China Sharing Economic Platform"

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