Author: She Yunfeng

Source: Mobile Payment Network

Not long ago, Zhou Xiaochuan, vice chairman of Boao Forum for Asia, expressed several views on the development of digital RMB at the 2023 China Digital Finance Forum, two of which were very constructive and forward-looking.

Digital RMB is mainly based on account type.

Zhou Xiaochuan believes that the development of digital RMB is mainly based on account-based digital currency. In other words, token-based digital currency is a path that may have room for development, but the mainstream is account-based digital currency.

How to understand it? In fact, this is in great agreement with the current supervision on the path of promoting digital RMB.

The mobile payment network once published an article discussing the choice of digital RMB in the wallet path "Upgrade from value mode to account mode, and dual offline of digital RMB is not mainstream". We think that with the pilot implementation of digital RMB, account mode and quasi-account mode will become the mainstream in the future, and the value mode is only a supplement.

As we all know, digital RMB is compatible with three ways: account-based, quasi-account-based and value-based, and adopts variable denomination design to realize value transfer in the form of encrypted currency strings. Judging from the manifestations of digital RMB hard wallet, the quasi-account model is the mainstream at present, and the account model has also taken shape. Although the value model has technical conditions, there are still some problems in its real implementation.

Zhou Xiaochuan said that the choice of account type and token type is also closely related to the choice of centralized route. In the management mode, digital RMB needs to adhere to the two-tier operation system and centralized management concept.

Why should we adhere to the centralized management concept? Yi Gang, the former governor of the central bank, once said that because the digital currency of the central bank is the debt of the central bank to the public, it is necessary to ensure and strengthen the macro-prudential and monetary policy regulation functions of the central bank and maintain the original transmission mode of monetary policy.

In the two-tier operation structure, the first layer is centralized management, which is similar to that the central bank must know how much circulating cash it has issued and how much digital currency it has issued. The transfer and transaction activities between customers are on the second floor, and a large amount of customer information is stored on the second floor, that is, industry, agriculture, China, construction, communication or WeChat Alipay. They are obliged to be responsible for privacy protection, anti-money laundering and anti-terrorism financing, and only report the necessary information to the People’s Bank of China.

From this perspective, account-based centralized management is a necessary condition, and the central bank must have the right to manage the digital RMB as a whole. However, if a large number of token-based digital RMB with value model are adopted, the central bank will have a blank window for its management, which has certain security risks. Therefore, before the official launch, such security issues must be controlled to a minimum, and the value model digital RMB that is not under the management of the central bank after the official launch needs to be controlled within a certain range.

Therefore, quasi-account and account-mode wallets are all manifestations of account-based digital RMB, which will be the main development direction of digital RMB in the future. As a token-based development path, value mode still needs to be explored as a supplementary form.

The price system needs to be set under the two-tier operation

Zhou Xiaochuan believes that under the two-tier operation system, policy-making should make the digital payment system survive independently, and a price system should be set up so that the digital payment system can charge for services. In fact, the rate can be very low and the impact on customers is quite small. If there is no charging mechanism, it will lead to cross-subsidies and cross-sales, and payment system service providers will focus on other aspects that should not be paid attention to.

Digital RMB adopts a two-tier operation system, one of the important reasons is to mobilize the enthusiasm of market institutions such as commercial banks to the greatest extent. The central bank issues digital RMB, but not directly to residents and corporate customers. Instead, it issues digital RMB to operating institutions, which serve customers directly as operators.

Yi Gang once wrote that the two-tier operation is conducive to making full use of the existing resources, talents, technology and other advantages of commercial organizations, and promoting innovation and competition through market-driven. In terms of business resources, commercial banks and technology companies have mature IT facilities and huge user base. In terms of human resources, commercial banks and technology companies also have sufficient talent reserves. The central bank mainly carries out top-level design, as well as legal norms and regulatory standards. After the top-level structure, legal norms and regulatory requirements are designed, services are handed over to the market to play a decisive role in the allocation of resources by the market. Two-tier operation helps to spread risks. The central bank does not presuppose the technical path and remains open. Different institutions can explore different technical paths and realize system optimization through competition.

However, in the pilot stage, the design of such optimal allocation of resources seems to have a big gap with the market development, and the most important reason is the "incentive mechanism" problem.

At present, the core of the two-tier operation system is the operation organization, which has the largest investment in personnel and property and the highest cost, but has no direct income. The operation of digital RMB has become a way for operating institutions to obtain customers, which is not conducive to the promotion and development in the later period.

The characteristic of digital RMB payment is settlement, which is indeed conducive to the efficient realization of the payment process, but it also reduces the participation of the payment process and even cuts off the interest rate acquisition space.

As a large number of participants in the 2.5-tier, it has a high degree of overlap with the 2-tier institutions in the non-operational work of digital RMB. At present, the 10 operating institutions are commercial banks themselves, and they have a certain competitive relationship with the 2.5-tier commercial banks in terms of business and customer base. The 2-tier institutions have squeezed the 2.5-tier business space by virtue of their roles as wallet brands and operating institutions, which seems to affect the enthusiasm of small and medium-sized banks in the pilot process.

At present, there are more and more institutions participating in the pilot project of digital RMB. The 2.5-tier institutions lack clear and standardized roles, division of responsibilities and information protection, and there is no profit point. The participation enthusiasm of the 2.5-tier institutions in most pilot areas is very limited.

Therefore, in the view of mobile payment network, under the two-tier operation system, the sustainable development of digital RMB in the future can not be separated from the perfect "business model", on the one hand, it lies in the cooperation between various institutions at different levels, on the other hand, it lies in the respective functions of different institutions and the income points under their participation.

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As for whether "charging" will affect the "zero handling fee" feature of digital RMB, in fact, users can rest assured that the exchange and redemption of digital RMB will be "zero handling fee" for both users and merchants now and in the future. However, after the future business model is perfected, it is unclear whether the rate income of institutions will be passed on to users and merchants under the price system!

　　CCTV News:On September 9th, the Consumer Protection Bureau of China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, China issued the Circular on Consumer Complaints in the Banking Industry in the Second Quarter of 2021.

　　According to the Circular, in the second quarter of 2021, China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission and its agencies received and forwarded 84,424 consumer complaints from the banking industry, an increase of 25.5% compared with the second quarter of 2020. Among them, 26,537 large state-owned commercial banks were involved, up 12.9% year-on-year, accounting for 31.4% of the total complaints; There were 35,135 joint-stock commercial banks, up 22.4% year-on-year, accounting for 41.6% of the total complaints; There were 367 foreign-funded corporate banks, a year-on-year decrease of 1.6%, accounting for 0.4% of the total complaints; 8928 city commercial banks (including private banks), up 53.8% year-on-year, accounting for 10.6% of the total complaints; There were 5037 small and medium-sized financial institutions in rural areas, up 94.0% year-on-year, accounting for 6.0% of the total complaints; There were 8,420 other banking financial institutions, with a year-on-year increase of 34.4%, accounting for 10.0% of the total complaints.

　　According to the Circular, among the large state-owned commercial banks, the complaints of Agricultural Bank and Industrial and Commercial Bank rank in the top two. Among the joint-stock commercial banks, China Everbright Bank and China CITIC Bank ranked the top two in terms of complaints. Among foreign-funded corporate banks, Bank of East Asia ranks first in the number of complaints.

　　The Circular also shows that the median number of complaints per 10 million individual customers of large state-owned commercial banks is 73.6. The median number of complaints per 10 million individual customers of joint-stock commercial banks is 338.0. The median number of complaints per 10 million individual customers of foreign-funded corporate banks is 358.4.

　　Judging from the business involved in the complaint, the second quarter of 2021 involvedThere were 46,273 complaints about credit card business, with a year-on-year increase of 37.2%, accounting for 54.8% of the total complaints.. Bank of Communications and Agricultural Bank of China rank among the top two large state-owned commercial banks in terms of complaints about credit card business. China Everbright Bank, China CITIC Bank and Minsheng Bank rank among the top three joint-stock commercial banks in terms of credit card complaints. The number of complaints about credit card business of Bank of East Asia ranks first among foreign-funded corporate banks.

　　The Bulletin shows that:

　　In the second quarter of 2021,There were 23,059 complaints about personal loan business, with a year-on-year increase of 52.2%., accounting for 27.3% of the total complaints. Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (ICBC) and Agricultural Bank of China (ABC) are among the top two large state-owned commercial banks in terms of personal loan complaints. Everbright Bank and Ping An Bank are among the top two joint-stock commercial banks in terms of personal loan complaints. The number of complaints about personal loan business of Standard Chartered Bank ranks first among foreign-funded corporate banks.

　　In the second quarter of 2021, there were 4,334 complaints about wealth management business, a year-on-year decrease of 59.2%, accounting for 5.1% of the total complaints. The number of complaints about wealth management business of Postal Savings Bank ranks first among large state-owned commercial banks. China Merchants Bank, China Everbright Bank and Ping An Bank rank among the top three joint-stock commercial banks in terms of complaints about wealth management business.

    Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, April 17-Israeli media reported on the 16th that the IDF has made a decision on how to respond to the attack launched by "Iran and its agents" on Israel, but the timing of action has not yet been decided.

    On April 15th, Halevy (rear right), Chief of Staff of the Israel Defense Forces, spoke at the Newatim Air Force Base in southern Israel. Xinhua News Agency (Photo courtesy of Israel Defense Forces)

    UN Secretary-General Kofi antonio guterres once again called for restraint. British Prime Minister Rich Sunak told Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu that the escalation of tension in the Middle East is not in the interest of either side and needs to be "cool-headed" at present.

   Israel vowed revenge, but the timing was uncertain.

    According to Israel’s Jerusalem Post on the 16th, the IDF has made a decision on how to respond to the attack of "Iran and its agents". However, because the timing of action has not yet been selected and the preparatory work is complicated, the current plan may also change.

    This is a picture of the interception of the Israeli "Iron Dome" air defense system shot over Jerusalem in the early morning of April 14th. Xinhua News Agency (photo by Jamal awad)

    The Jerusalem Post reported that the above-mentioned important progress shows that the Israeli leadership is serious and firm in its determination to fight back against Iran.

    On the 1st of this month, the building of the consular section of the Iranian Embassy in Syria was attacked by missiles, killing at least 13 people. Iran and Syria say the attack was launched by Israel. Iran’s Islamic Revolutionary Guard announced in the early morning of 14th that it would launch a large number of missiles and drones at Israeli targets. The Israeli military said that more than 300 drones and missiles were fired at Israel, of which "99%" were intercepted.

    Halevy, chief of general staff of the Israeli army, said on 15th that Iran would be "countered" eventually, but he did not specify when and how.

    According to the Associated Press, two American officials were quoted as saying that Israel has not yet told the US how it intends to fight back.

    On the 16th, the Israeli military showed the media the wreckage of an Iranian missile intercepted by the Israeli army at a military base in the south. Daniel Hagari, a spokesman for the Israeli army, said that each warhead carried 500 kilograms of explosives. He reiterated that Israel will strike back at Iran, "at the time and place we choose and in the way we choose."

    The United States seeks sanctions but does not participate in retaliation.

    An Israeli government source told Reuters that the Israeli wartime cabinet meeting scheduled for 16th was postponed to 17th.

    This photo released on April 14th shows that Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu held a wartime cabinet meeting at the Israeli Defense Ministry in Tel Aviv. Xinhua News Agency (Photo courtesy of Israel Government Information Office)

    This will be the third meeting of the Israeli wartime cabinet to discuss the response measures to Iran. After the first two meetings, it was not announced whether to make a decision.

    Israeli Foreign Minister israel Katz said that he had written to more than 30 countries, seeking to impose sanctions on Iran’s missile program and identifying Iran’s Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps as a "terrorist organization".

    US Treasury Secretary Timothy janet yellen said that the United States will launch new sanctions against Iran and cooperate with its allies, and all options to disrupt Iran’s "terrorist" capital chain are under consideration.

    John Kirby, strategic communication coordinator of the White House National Security Council, said earlier that US President Barack joseph robinette made it clear during his phone conversation with Netanyahu that the United States would not take part in retaliation against Iran.

    Kirby said again on the 15th: "We don’t want to see a war with Iran or a regional conflict." When asked by media reporters whether Biden asked Netanyahu to "restrain" in response to the attack, Kirby did not comment.

    On the 16th, British Prime Minister Sunak telephoned Netanyahu, saying that the escalation of tension in the Middle East is not in the interest of either side, and will only aggravate regional insecurity. Now it is necessary to "keep a cool head".

    On the same day, Italian Defense Minister Guido Crosetto said on the phone with Israeli Defense Minister Joaf galante that the Iranian attack on Israel crossed the "red line", but "now we need to be rational and act in accordance with international law to avoid promoting the continuous escalation of violence". Italy is currently the rotating presidency of the G-7, and the G-7 foreign ministers’ meeting is scheduled to be held for three days from 17th.

   Turkey rejects western "double standards"

    Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdo? an criticized the "double standards" of western countries on the 16th, saying that the other side kept silent about Israel’s attack on the consular section of the Iranian embassy in Syria, but now it "rushed to condemn Iran’s response". He also pointed out that Netanyahu did not hesitate to push up regional tensions in order to "extend his political career."

    On October 1, 2023, in Ankara, Turkey, Turkish President Erdogan delivered a speech in Parliament. Xinhua News Agency (photo by Mustafa Kaya)

    UN spokesman Stefana Dujaric said on the 16th that UN Secretary-General Guterres telephoned Iranian Foreign Minister Hussein Amir Abdullahiyan on the 15th, once again calling for easing the current tension and bringing peace to the Middle East.

    Dujaric said that Guterres had not spoken to senior Israeli officials, but at the relevant emergency meeting of the United Nations Security Council on 14th, Gilad Aidan, Israel’s Permanent Representative to the United Nations, had heard Guterres’ call, who urged all parties to exercise maximum restraint.

    This round of escalation is the latest manifestation of conflict spillover in Gaza. Saudi Arabian Foreign Minister Faisal bin Farhan Al Saud said on the 16th that the efforts of the international community to promote a ceasefire between Israel and the Palestinian Islamic Resistance Movement (Hamas) in the Gaza are "seriously inadequate".

    Spanish Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez said on the 16th that an independent Palestinian state should be recognized as soon as possible, and "Spain will make efforts to promote the Palestinian state to become a full member of the United Nations". (Chen Lixi)

　　CCTV News:According to "Xiangtan CDC" WeChat WeChat official account news, on October 10th, 2022, a case of asymptomatic COVID-19 infection was found in Xiangtan County, Hunan Province during the quarantine control of key personnel involved in the epidemic, and is currently being isolated and observed in designated hospitals. Xiangtan City and Xiangtan County have immediately launched emergency response, and fully carried out the work of tracing the source, investigation and control, nucleic acid detection and on-site disposal.

　　Main activity track:

　　October 5 th

　　At 10:30, drive from Shangshuyuan, Ganlong, Yisuhe Town, Xiangtan County to Shengshi Kangcheng.

　　Drive to Haitang Garden at 11:00.

　　Drive from Haitang Garden to Changsha at 11:30.

　　13:10 Arrive at the ground parking lot of New Times Square in Kaifu District, Changsha City.

　　Attend the training from 13: 20 to 18: 00 on the 10th floor of North Building of New Times Square.

　　From 18: 00 to 21: 00, have dinner at the Lotus Pond Restaurant opposite New Times Square.

　　At 21:00, I drove back to Xiangtan from Outangbian Restaurant.

　　At 22:30, it passes through the second phase of Napaxigu Community in Yuetang District, Xiangtan City.

　　22:42-23:31 Arrive near Hongsheng Yipin Mansion in Yuetang District and chat on the private car.

　　At 24:00, I passed the Haitang Garden in Yisuhe Town and returned to the home of Shangshuyuan in Ganlong, and did not go out after that.

　　October 6th.

　　At 9:45, I drove from Ganlong Shangshuyuan to the famous teacher’s shop to shampoo.

　　At 10:25, I started from a famous teacher’s shop and stopped at the roadside of Forest Yayuan Community on Dapeng Road for a short time.

　　10:30-11:17 Decoration design in Shengshi Kangcheng.

　　Arrive at Haitang Garden by car at 11:26.

　　At 12:02, I drove from Haitang Garden to Changsha.

　　13:30 Arrive at the ground parking lot of New Times Square in Kaifu District, Changsha City.

　　Attend the training from 13: 30 to 18: 00 on the 10th floor of North Building of New Times Square.

　　18:10-21:00, eat at the Lotus Pond Restaurant opposite New Times Square.

　　At 21:00, take a private car (on behalf of the peers) and leave from the restaurant at Outangbian and return.

　　At 22:00, it passes through the second phase of Napaxigu Community in Yuetang District, Xiangtan City.

　　Arrive at Xiangtan Maternal and Child Health Hospital at 22:15 and stay for about 2 minutes.

　　22:35-23:15 Drive back to Haitang Garden and chat in the car.

　　At 23:24, I drove back to my home in Shangshuyuan, Qianlong, and didn’t go out after that.

　　October 7th.

　　From 11: 50 to 13: 25, drive from Shangshuyuan in Qianlong to attend the wedding in the Lotus Hall on the first floor of Xintian International Hotel.

　　13:46-14:18 Drive to Lianhai Trade City to buy decoration materials.

　　At 14:35, I drove back to my home in Shangshuyuan, Qianlong.

　　21:00-21:04 Drive to Haitang Garden.

　　At 23:10, the self-driving car arrived at the charging station of Jiangwan Square to charge the car.　

　　October 8 th

　　At 1:00, drive back to Ganlong Shangshuyuan from Jiangwan Square charging station.

　　At 15:22, I drove to Xiangtan County People’s Hospital to carry out nucleic acid detection, and then transferred it to a designated hospital for isolation observation. Since October 5, people who have crossed the above activity tracks immediately took the initiative to report to their communities (villages), work units or hotels, and cooperated with the implementation of corresponding prevention and control measures such as centralized isolation, nucleic acid detection and health monitoring. The general public and those who come to (return to) Tan are requested to pay attention to the official authority release, and do not believe in rumors, spread rumors or make rumors; Enhance awareness of prevention, strictly implement the requirements of "health first responsible person", take the initiative to fulfill epidemic prevention obligations, pay attention to their own health status, do personal protection, maintain a safe social distance, and contribute to epidemic prevention and control. Those who do not cooperate with the implementation of prevention and control measures and cause the spread of the epidemic will be investigated for legal responsibility according to law.

In the era when face value is justice, the appearance of a model directly affects the choice of consumers. Generally speaking, the front face design of the new generation has become more luxurious, and some protruding lines are added to the hood, which looks quite muscular. The eagle-eye lights on both sides are quite huge, and they look very energetic after hexagonal adaptive lighting. The shape of the side with the waist line rising on the side creates a sense of readiness, which looks strong in movement, high in rim shape and acceptable in visual effect. The tight tail shape highlights the bold and firm posture, and the rear taillights of the new car are more recognizable.

The interior of the whole vehicle can be said to be very luxurious, extremely high-end luxury. The large leather coverage of the steering wheel brings a good sense of luxury. All the materials above the central control area are made of plastic, leather, wood and metal, which greatly enhances the sense of grade of the whole vehicle. The 10.25-inch central control panel is simple in screen design, but fully functional. The front row is also equipped with a dual-temperature automatic air conditioning control system, which can freely debug the most comfortable space atmosphere. Leather seats give passengers just the right support and soft and comfortable touch.

The length of the BMW 5 Series is 5175mm, the body width is 1900mm, and the wheelbase is 3105mm, which is quite satisfactory. In the same class, the wheelbase of the BMW 5 Series ranks fifth. One bright spot is that its width reaches 1900mm, which reflects that the horizontal space inside the car is not bad. The design of skylight also increases the subjective space feeling of front and rear passengers. Among the models of the same price and class, the trunk volume of BMW 5 Series ranks 31st. The shape is very regular, and the storage volume is absolutely no problem for daily use.

The BMW 5 Series 530Li exclusive luxury suit uses a 2.0 engine, with a maximum horsepower of 258 and a peak torque of 400, matching the automatic manual transmission (AT) gearbox. The power performance of the 2.0 engine on the BMW 5 Series is quite satisfactory, and the low torque is weak and the hysteresis can be felt. The official measured acceleration of BMW 5 Series is 6.5S, ranking 31st among the medium and large-sized cars with more than 800,000.

The active/passive safety configuration of BMW 5 Series is complete, includingAutomatic parking、Zero tire pressure endurance tire、Automatic parking、Steep slope descent、hill start assist control、knee airbag、HUD head-up display、Anti-lock braking (ABS)、Braking force distribution (EBD/CBC, etc.)、Brake assist (EBA/BAS, etc.)、Traction control (ASR/TCS, etc.)、Active noise reduction、Engine start and stop、Side safety air curtain、Wireless charging of mobile phone、night vision system、LED daytime running lights、Forward reversing radar、Tire pressure monitoring、Steering wheel heating、Body stability control (ESP/DSC, etc.)、Rear reversing radar、Fatigue reminder、Remote parking、Child seat interface、Lane keeping (LKAS)Equal configuration.

Among them,Automatic parkingYou can avoid stepping on the brakes for a long time or needing to pull frequently;Steep slope descentCan safely pass through steep slope road conditions at low speed;knee airbagReduce the injury of the car interior to the occupant’s knees in the secondary collision.

In order to have a more comprehensive and objective understanding of the BMW 5 Series, you can go to the Easy Car BMW 5 Series Forum and browse the messages of users who have purchased the car in history.

Tiantai Mountain Scenic Area is located in Qionglai City, an excellent tourist city in China, about 110km away from Chengdu. According to legend, Dayu controls water and climbs high to worship heaven, so it has the good name of "Tiantai". The scenic spot is a national key scenic spot, a national 4A-level scenic spot and a national forest park. It is an important part of the world natural heritage of Sichuan giant panda habitat and one of the eight firefly viewing bases in the world. There are more than 50 kinds of rare animals protected by the state, such as giant panda, red panda, macaque and giant salamander, and more than 20 kinds of rare plants protected by the state, such as Davidia involucrata, yew and ginkgo.

　　Cctv newsYesterday (28th) at about 4: 21pm, a parking lot under construction on Changling South Road in Guanshanhu District, Guiyang City, Guizhou Province collapsed. It was verified by the local emergency rescue headquarters that before the collapse, there were 14 people on duty at the construction site. After the accident, 3 people escaped by themselves, 1 person was quickly rescued and the remaining 10 people were trapped. After search and rescue, all 10 trapped people were found this morning, 8 of them died and 2 were injured.

　　Reporter Chen Chunxiao (shooting time on the night of October 28)I am now at the scene of the accident on Changling South Road in Guanshanhu District, Guiyang City. You can see that the scene of the collapse is in the direction of my finger. At present, fire, public security and other rescue departments have rushed to the scene.

　　The reporter learned that the scene of the accident was a parking lot under construction. When the accident happened, the newly built building with a height of about 11 meters suddenly collapsed, and the top floor of the building instantly became flat. The rescue team determined the position of the trapped people through on-site inquiry, using search and rescue dogs and cell phone signal positioning, and then opened the life passage with rescue tools such as rock drills and hydraulic tongs.

　　rescuerDon’t be afraid, it’ll come out soon. It’s a little loud. Cover your eyes, nose and ears to keep your strength.

　　The reporter learned from the press office of Guanshanhu District People’s Government that after more than ten hours’ efforts, as of 3 am on October 29th, all 10 trapped people had been found, including 8 deaths and 2 injuries. At present, the local emergency rescue headquarters is carrying out the work of treating the injured and comforting the families of the victims, and investigating the cause of the accident.

　　Two injured people were treated by surgery in the hospital.

　　After the accident, two injured people underwent surgery in the nearby Jinyang Hospital to see the report sent back by the reporter from the hospital.

　　At 0: 30 on October 29th, the reporter rushed to Jinyang Hospital in Guiyang and found the doctor Liu Hui who had been leading the team for treatment.

　　Liu Hui, Chief of Medical Department of Guiyang Jinyang Hospital: Two wounded. We have four groups now. Cardiothoracic surgery, orthopedics, ICU and operating room are all here, so we have four groups of people to rescue two patients.

　　Dr. Liu told the reporter that the two injured people had multiple fractures all over their bodies.

　　Liu Hui, Chief of Medical Department of Guiyang Jinyang HospitalOne of these two is a fracture of pelvis, and then there is a fracture of many upturned bones, one is a damage to the left hand, two fractures of the nasal bones, one is a head injury, and the other is a avulsion injury, so we went to many doctors to rescue them here. Reporter: but there is no danger to life, right? It’s hard to say at present.

　　The press conference will continue to pay attention to the treatment of the injured.

Recently, Shanghai Construction Engineering Group (hereinafter referred to as "Shanghai Construction Engineering") released its 2020 annual performance report. According to the Express, with a revenue of 231.005 billion yuan, an increase of 12.41% year-on-year, Shanghai Construction Engineering Co., Ltd. continues to rank firmly in the head enterprise array of China construction industry, showing the development tenacity of this newly-established "Fortune 500" enterprise. Prior to this, Shanghai Construction Engineering Co., Ltd. has maintained a steady growth of double digits for many years. According to Zheng Xu, Party Secretary and Chairman of Shanghai Construction Engineering, this is closely related to the concept of "core competence building" that enterprises have been adhering to since the 11th Five-Year Plan.

Transformation is the key secret for Shanghai Construction Engineering to enhance its core competence. "During the’ Thirteenth Five-Year Plan’ period, Shanghai Construction Engineering insisted on benchmarking world-class enterprises and focusing on core capacity building, maintaining a good development trend of high quality and sustainability." Zheng Xu said. In the first year of the "14th Five-Year Plan", Shanghai Construction Engineering Co., Ltd. will stand at a brand-new starting line, further promote the "1+7+X" national market layout, continue to serve the national strategy, and strive to build a world-class construction life cycle service provider, so that the forward-looking strategic layout, the pursuit of emerging businesses and the corporate culture advocating technology will continue to promote the strong growth of enterprises.

National layout: going deeper and wider

In the view of Shanghai Construction Engineering, the value of business innovation mainly depends on the country and market demand. Aiming at the integrated development of the Yangtze River Delta, the coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, the construction of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, the construction of xiong’an new area, the construction of Hainan Free Trade Port, and the national strategy of "One Belt, One Road" initiative, the pace of Shanghai’s construction is spread across 34 provincial-level administrative regions, more than 150 cities and 23 countries along the "Belt and Road".

● Linkage of the whole industry chain

It is far from enough to cover the project in the local area, but it is more necessary to go well, go solid and go deep. While better serving the overall development of the country, Shanghai Construction Engineering Co., Ltd. has continuously optimized and adjusted the market development layout, from "landing on the beach" for individual soldiers to "three-dimensional operations" for the whole industrial chain of the group army, and the advantages of the whole industrial chain have been fully demonstrated in the strategy of serving the country.

In the southern new town of Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, the first large-scale fixed muck resource utilization plant in China was put into operation. It can be used as road building materials after batch treatment, and has good economic, social and environmental benefits. In this project, Shanghai Construction Engineering Co., Ltd. has not only exerted its construction ability, but also demonstrated its powerful design ability of "hidden".

As the development potential of China’s ecological environment management industry is constantly emerging, Shanghai Construction Engineering regards it as a new space for growth and development. Shanghai Construction Engineering Co., Ltd. actively forged the whole industrial chain, and continued to exert its strength in green industries such as sewage and sludge treatment, comprehensive environmental management, soil remediation, solid waste disposal, sponge city and garden landscape.

● "Grinding a sword in ten years"

The concept of "based on Shanghai and going to the whole country", such as a lighthouse, guides Shanghai Construction Engineering to find a new way to achieve steady growth. After ten years of sharpening a sword, the nationalization strategy of Shanghai Construction Engineering has been deepened, and the goal of the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" has been achieved ahead of schedule. Shanghai Construction Engineering has left a figure as an "infrastructure giant" among numerous super projects in China.

In Shanghai, Shanghai Construction Engineering Co., Ltd. participated in the construction of supporting projects such as the Third China International Import Expo, China Flower Expo, E-sports S10 and FIFA Club World Cup. The construction of Zhangjiang Science City "Science Gate", Xujiahui Center, Tesla Giga Shanghai, hard X-ray ultra-deep foundation pit and other projects has repeatedly set or refreshed construction records; The Huali 12-inch advanced production line construction project, the 6th generation AMOLED production line project of Hehui Optoelectronics, and the Shanghai light source line station will help Shanghai’s advanced manufacturing development and the construction of science and technology innovation center.

In the Yangtze River Delta region, Shanghai Construction Engineering has formed a pattern of whole group, whole industry and full coverage. A series of landmark projects have successively landed, including the Yungu Campus of West Lake University and the Yangtze River Delta Roadshow Center. The industrial base of building components and the newly opened Yuanshi mine in Huzhou have achieved good social and economic benefits.

Actively integrate into the national strategy, and show the temperament and craftsmanship of construction workers. The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge Macau Port Management Area Tourist Inspection Building built by Shanghai Construction Engineering Co., Ltd. was completed with high speed and high quality, which highlighted its strong construction ability and fighting spirit. In the South China market, it has entered the local mainstream market by undertaking landmark projects such as the Galaxy Yabao Twin Towers, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University and Xili Campus of Shenzhen University. In Hainan, the projects undertaken by Meilan International Airport, Future Industrial Park and Western Central Hospital demonstrate the comprehensive strength of the Group in various construction projects such as transportation, science and technology, and medical treatment.

For Shanghai Construction Engineering Co., Ltd., the nationalization strategy will continue to promote the in-depth development of enterprises during the "14 th Five-Year Plan" period. It is understood that during the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, the domestic market structure of Shanghai Construction Engineering changed from "1+5+X" to "1+7+X". Starting from this year, we will deeply participate in the construction of regional central cities, accelerate our integration into local mainstream markets, and continuously improve our resource allocation and management capabilities.

Emerging business: extension and linkage

In the view of Shanghai Construction Engineering Co., Ltd., architecture is a living product with a long life cycle. Only by providing services in the whole process from pre-planning, consulting and design services, investment and construction to operation and maintenance and even renovation can the enterprise value be truly realized. Guided by this, during the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, emerging businesses such as Shanghai’s construction city renewal, water conservancy and water affairs, ecological environment, industrial construction and construction services developed rapidly and gradually took the lead in the industry.

● Increase investment to form a first-Mover advantage

In the process of cultivating growth and industrialization, new industries and new technologies can become new scale growth poles and profit growth points, but only by taking the lead in occupying the market can we have room for sustainable growth. In terms of new business layout, Shanghai Construction Engineering Co., Ltd. has continuously increased its investment in scientific research, and the investment has been increasing for many years.

Following the concept of "no suspension, no closure, no road closure and no demolition", Shanghai Construction Engineering Co., Ltd. is deeply involved in urban renewal. More than 70% of the old buildings in the Bund area of Shanghai have been renovated by Shanghai Construction Engineering. Through continuous practice and exploration, Shanghai Construction Engineering has developed a market brand. The urban renewal business has an annual business increment of about 50 billion yuan.

In recent years, Shanghai Construction Engineering Co., Ltd. successively acquired Zhejiang Hydropower Construction and Installation Co., Ltd. and Shanghai greenman Environmental Technology Co., Ltd., and jointly established Shanghai Zhuoyu Environmental Engineering Co., Ltd. and Shanghai Zhuoyuan Water Ecological Environment Engineering Co., Ltd. with the head enterprises, which opened up new markets in the fields of soil remediation, water system management and water conservancy engineering.

● Deepening coordination and extension of industrial chain

During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the industrial construction technology of Shanghai Construction Engineering Co., Ltd. made a new breakthrough. For example, the trial production of ultra-high performance concrete precast curtain wall hanging plate was successful, and the finished product of 30-meter double T-beam passed the acceptance and was put into mass production. Shanghai Construction Engineering Building Materials Science and Technology Group Co., Ltd., a subsidiary of Shanghai Construction Engineering Building Materials Science and Technology Group Co., Ltd., has maintained a leading position in the research and development of new materials such as high-performance and environment-friendly concrete.

In addition, for Shanghai Construction Engineering, the further extension of the industrial chain to the new format of construction service is the key to its transformation from contractor to service provider, which has important strategic significance. Nowadays, new formats such as e-commerce, building technical services, intelligent operation and maintenance of building facilities and equipment, urban road maintenance, rail transit station maintenance, financial leasing, and nuclear energy construction have gradually become important fulcrums for Shanghai Construction Engineering to transform into a building life cycle service provider.

In 2020, Shanghai Construction Engineering Co., Ltd. entered a brand-new field-cooperated with sinap to jointly carry out the research and development of experimental reactor installation technology for the strategic pilot science and technology project "Future Advanced Nuclear Fission Energy-Thorium-based molten salt reactor Nuclear Energy System (TMSR)" of China Academy of Sciences, and promoted the technical development and industrial chain layout of TMSR. Including nuclear energy project, new infrastructure construction such as big data computing center, high-speed maglev debugging line, domestic first-made large cruise ship and offshore wind power project has become another emerging business during the "14 th Five-Year Plan" period of Shanghai Construction Engineering.

Technology-driven: Cultivation and Innovation

The Tesla Giga Shanghai (Phase I) project with a total construction area of about 145,000 square meters was built by Shanghai Construction Engineering. During the construction process, Shanghai Construction Engineering adopted BIM (Building Information Model) and prefabricated assembly technology, and it took only six months from piling to the completion of the factory building structure, which fully demonstrated the "Shanghai speed". Behind such a super project is a strong system support. As the first enterprise in the industry to establish a two-level R&D system of "Academia Sinica" mode, Shanghai Construction Engineering has continuously increased its investment in scientific research for many years, making the innovation system and R&D level stand at the high point of the industry.

● Drive the high-quality development of the industry

Shanghai Construction Engineering Co., Ltd. has always regarded scientific and technological innovation as an important part of leading the transformation and development, and achieved a number of industry-leading new achievements in the application of green, industrialized and digital technologies.

In the past five years, Shanghai Construction Engineering Co., Ltd. has invested a total of 27.2 billion yuan in scientific and technological innovation, presided over 4 national key R&D plan projects and 19 national key R&D plan projects, with a substantial increase in the number of projects and new breakthroughs in the scope of fields involved; Accumulated 76 provincial and ministerial level science and technology awards, including 4 national science and technology awards; Accumulated nearly 950 invention patents; More than 60 national and industry standards have been compiled.

For the public, the direct benefit of cultivating technology is to experience high-quality supporting infrastructure faster and better. In 2019, the first national A-level theater "Jiushu Future Art Center" in the suburbs of Shanghai was completed and put into operation. It usually takes more than four years to complete such a high-standard and multifunctional theater, but it only took two years and nine months for the "Nine Trees Future Art Center" to be completed and delivered. This is because the project contractor Shanghai Construction Engineering Co., Ltd. adopts EPC (General Contracting) mode, which saves construction time and reduces construction cost. According to reports, in the future, digital and industrialized technologies will bring business scale of 50 billion yuan and 60 billion yuan respectively.

● Scientific research achievements should have "display degree"

As a pillar industry of the national economy, the transformation and upgrading of the development model of the construction industry is imminent. Only by actively embracing change and forming a scientific development path with scientific and technological innovation as the core competence can we win a broad space for high-quality development.

During the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" period, Shanghai Construction Engineering Co., Ltd. will continue to take the world-class and China’s leading as the standard and vigorously implement the strategy of driving scientific and technological innovation; Empower digitalization, industrialization and green development with science and technology, ensure that the three are at the forefront of the industry, consolidate the international leading position in the field of traditional core technologies, and ensure that a number of scientific research achievements with the level of scientific and technological innovation are obtained in the field of special technologies.

Text | Financial Stories, Author | Original, Editor | Wan Tiannan

Faced with the fierce involution in the workplace, people who are tired or deliberately escape, many people in the workplace who are over 30 or 35 years old are looking forward to passing the postgraduate entrance examination, accumulating new abilities, finding new springboard and stepping into a new track.

However, these older postgraduate students soon discovered that they had fallen into another extreme involution sinkhole.

In recent years, the number of postgraduate students has been rising continuously, from 1.65 million in 2015 to 4.74 million in 2023. Although it fell back to 4.38 million in 2024, the nature of involution does not seem to have changed.

What’s more, the admission rate of graduate students in 2024 is only about 20%, which means that 8 out of every 10 people are facing falling out of the list.

The 33-year-old Wen Dao is one of them.

Previously, she went around in the media industry and public relations companies. "It’s all sunset industries." She couldn’t see a way out. In the second half of 2023, naked resignation was chosen as the literary knife with tiredness, and she took a full-time postgraduate entrance examination. In order to prepare for this year’s graduate interview, I even flew from Shandong to Shenzhen, and finally I regretted falling out of the list by one point.

After some tossing, Wen Dao, who was out of work and shy, was forced to go back. "I have joined a new media company now, and my income is very small. Let’s make do with it first."

As for whether or not to take the postgraduate entrance examination in World War II, Wen Dao, who just failed once, is a bit drumming. "Save some money first, and let’s talk about it after half a year."

Today, we aim at the older postgraduate students. Why do they want to take the postgraduate entrance examination in reverse? What problems did you encounter during the preparation? How to guarantee the source of life? Is it worth all the efforts to bet on this silent postgraduate entrance examination gambling game?

"I found that I never reconciled with my 18-year-old self."

Si Nian’s academic performance was excellent since childhood, but unfortunately, the college entrance examination was out of order and she missed out on Peking University.

The college entrance examination every year is the saddest day for Si Nian.

It’s like a scabbed wound that will be uncovered again and again every year, and it hurts every time.

It happened that she had just returned to her hometown from naked resignation, and the continuous staying up late and working overtime made her unable to endure.

After a sudden break, Si Niannian had a comfortable life for a few days, but soon, she felt confused, lost her sense of control over time, and was tired and weak. She spent every day watching movies and brushing Weibo’s little red book.

One day, she suddenly brushed the movie "The Spice Girl at the Bottom" and rekindled her enthusiasm for the postgraduate entrance examination.

She wants to restart her life, regain control of time and make up for her 18-year-old regret.

For jing xing, a full-time nanny, the postgraduate entrance examination is a protest and a cry for boring life.

Jing xing was born in the financial circle. After giving birth to a baby, she chose to return to her family, and her life revolved around her children and her husband. There is less and less communication with her husband, and she is gradually out of touch with society.

Her life is filled with tea, rice, oil, salt and baby’s shit. What I care about is no longer the valuation of the industry track company, but the big promotion of diapers and eggs in supermarkets today.

Every time when her husband talks about a social hotspot with great interest, she can’t talk about any other views except nodding her head.

This is completely different from her previous speech in the debate field and her courage in the workplace.

She was inexplicably afraid and suffered from postpartum anxiety.

She hopes to rediscover her radiant self through the postgraduate entrance examination.

Ma Fei has always lived a step-by-step life. Ordinary looks, read two ordinary books, found an ordinary administrative job, and life has been so ordinary that it seems to be endless.

So the 30-year-old Ma Fei decided to rebel, and GAP spent a whole year trying to experience a more exciting life. Hiking in Tibet, bungee jumping abroad, eating frozen pears in Erbin, and having a barbecue in Zibo … …

Life is wonderful. However, when I want to return to the workplace, I find that my resume is basically "unreadable", and the only interview is still unreliable sales, with a basic salary of only 1300.

"As long as the GAP has passed in China, looking for a job seems to be sentenced to death." Ma Fei is helpless, but she wants to cry about the cruel reality.

Postgraduate entrance examination seems to be her best solution.

Almost ten years after graduation, Si Nian completely forgot the relevant contents of professional courses. "Now you ask me to define news, and I can’t say a few words."

Everything has to start all over again.

Even, physical fitness and memory are not as good as before.

I miss the occupational disease of working overtime before. If I sit for a long time, my back hurts and my cervical vertebra hurts.

Originally, I wanted to explain and copy 400 terms of communication science first, at least to make my face familiar. Unexpectedly, after writing more than 1000 words, my hands hurt. When I was a child, the cocoon grinded by homework turned slightly red again, and I felt new vitality.

Si Niannian couldn’t help but vomit with his family. "I’m wasting my time before I get started."

The 30-year-old old waist can’t support sitting for a long time, so Si Niannian can only adjust his study plan and set tomato time for 45 minutes and rest for 20 minutes like a middle school classroom. Every time you learn a tomato clock, you have to lie in bed for a while, otherwise your waist can’t stand it.

Compared with physical fatigue, Liu Jiahua has to bear more silent pressure from her parents.

"My parents didn’t stop me from taking the postgraduate entrance examination on the surface, but I know they think I’m irrational. "Liu Jiahua is very helpless. After all, in the eyes of parents who have always been traditional, having a stable job, getting married and having children early is the right way in the world.

They will silently forward to Liu Jiahua the news of the registration of the local county business, or insinuate that the cousin of XX’s relatives is married.

Liu Jiahua usually smiles and perfunctory in the past, or turns a blind eye and buries his head in endorsement.

Kobayashi’s problems are even more daunting. He originally chose a last-rate 985 because he valued the number of people admitted to the school. As a result, he encountered a shrinking move. He originally admitted 100 people, and now only 45 are left.

Half of the people who were cut off alive also directly cut off more than half of Kobayashi’s enthusiasm.

What makes Kobayashi even more mad is not only shrinking the strokes, but also changing two reference books, which is equivalent to all previous efforts being burned.

Kobayashi silently placed an order for two other books while saying that "the sky will drop to the people of Sri Lanka, and they must first suffer their minds and work hard."

When I encounter problems before the exam, I am very anxious. For example, Shi Jing almost gave up when she signed up, because the admission ticket failed to be certified.

At present, most provinces confirm online, and it is necessary to submit the photo of ID card and my ID card. It is reasonable to say that there is no big problem, but it is just the photo on the university diploma that year.

"Who can look the same as 10 years ago?" Shi Jing is going crazy. When she just graduated, she only weighed 105 kg, and now she is a fat man of 160 kg. The original oval face has also become a double chin, and the eyes have been squeezed into a crack by meat.

Originally, Shi Jing specially painted a light makeup to take a photo of the hippocampus. In order to have a beautiful photo during the future graduate school, I didn’t expect the audit to fail.

Shi Jing is anxious to find a solution online, and some friends share their successful experiences — — No beauty, no makeup. It is best to shoot with the front camera of the mobile phone. The uglier it is, the higher the pass rate is. More and more people verify that this is an effective method, but Shi Jing takes photos and uploads them again and again, and the verification fails again and again.

After the 12th failure, Shi Jing couldn’t help calling the Shanghai Admissions Office, and said bluntly that she was 60 Jin taller than ten years ago. The teacher of the Admissions Office is also very helpless, because the photos of previous students must be intelligently compared by AI before they can pass the next manual review. But now Shi Jing is stuck in the first level.

"AI recognition, however, you can use AI synthesis. Defeat magic with magic. " At the reminder of a friend, Shi Jing used AI photo studio to generate his own "AI ID photo". The steps are very simple. As long as you upload more than a dozen photos that you just graduated from college and add a few recent photos, the AI applet will be automatically generated.

Looking at this AI photo that is "both like and not like myself", Shi Jing uploaded the postgraduate registration confirmation with the mentality of giving it a try.

"Certification is successful. The photo of the admission ticket was uploaded successfully. "Shi Jing breathed a sigh of relief, but then he was worried about what to do if he was stopped outside the examination room on the day of the postgraduate entrance examination.

Shi Jing compared his current photo, ID photo and admission ticket photo with AI. As a result, the similarity between the current photo and ID photo is 85%, and the similarity between ID photo and admission ticket photo is 85%. The similarity between myself and the admission ticket photo is only 70%.

To this end, Shi Jing deliberately brought his diploma with him on the day of the exam, prepared an explanation in advance, and wanted to prepare in advance to prevent being stuck.

On the day of the postgraduate entrance examination, when entering the security check, Shi Jing will specifically explain that he has gained weight. Fortunately, there was no danger. Although the photo similarity between myself and the admission ticket is not very high, the invigilator is allowed to enter the exam after comparing himself with the ID card, ID card and admission ticket respectively.

A realistic problem that must be faced in the postgraduate entrance examination for older people is money. Although I return to my study role, I still have to live. Rent, meals, daily necessities, review materials, and even remedial classes and study rooms … … Daily expenses are inevitable, so where does the money come from?

Wu Kaiyuan believes that even if she prepares for the postgraduate entrance examination, she can’t break the source of income, so she chose to prepare for the exam on the job. Therefore, in addition to the study time from work to home at 8: 00 to 11: 00 every night, she can only seize all the time to "learn". She imported the electronic version of professional course notes into WeChat reading, and then used the commuting time to "listen to books". In the company, when holding some boring meetings, I recite dozens of words in the air.

Si Niannian became a "full-time daughter" with peace of mind, eating and living at home. After deciding to take the postgraduate entrance examination, she had a good communication with her parents, and wanted to fight again while she still had momentum. Si Nian grew up in a democratic family, and her decision was supported by the whole family.

At the age of 30, I was at home, and I was embarrassed to miss it. I told my parents that I could cook. But this cooking is really hard to compliment, so I took on the job of washing dishes for every meal. When I was a child, Si Nian hated washing dishes, but now she washes them clean every time.

Trading labor for rent, Si Nian is comforting himself.

It is also a full-time preparation at home. Xiao Wang, who has always had a good face, is really hard to ask his parents for money.

Therefore, she chose to set up a stall in the night market. Starting from 1688 and Pinduoduo, some cheap and beautiful trinkets can be put on display for 2 hours every night, and when they are good, they can earn more than 100 yuan. Although they can’t compare with their monthly income of over 10,000 yuan before their resignation, the money for buying some daily necessities and studying materials is enough.

He Lingwei chose to go back to his grandmother’s house in the countryside to prepare for the exam. There was no social interaction and no way to order takeout, so the cost of living was lower. Therefore, the cost is basically to consider some expenses of information, and she is adhering to, "Resolutely not to report to class, and resolutely not to spend money.

As soon as her economic account book for postgraduate entrance examination was spread out, in addition to the registration fee of 200 yuan, she only bought two English real questions over the years and 30 yuan online class videos.

Unlike He Lingwei, Yang Ya saved 100,000 yuan in hand a few years before work, although she was also preparing for the exam.

This time, he was determined to take the postgraduate entrance examination, so he spent 15,000 yuan to enroll in a one-to-one guaranteed remedial class. Yang Ya thinks the money is well spent, at least there are professional people to give you guidance, so you don’t have to waste time without direction like a headless fly.

Ma Fei also has an extra expense, that is, he has packed a study room for postgraduate entrance examination near his home, which is 1800 yuan a month.

Because studying at home is too tempting, self-control is really a problem. The desk is close to the bed, so it is easy to learn to lie on the bed.

But in the study room, Ma Fei can at least concentrate on reading. After all, he spent real money and was more motivated to study.

On the day before his 30th birthday, Xiaoyu received a notice of Tsinghua’s proposed admission.

She wrote emotionally,

"The 18-year-old wind has crossed many hills and finally arrived today. I am still the best age. To youth, and to the courage to restart. "

And a few years ago, Huang Xuan, who came from the same small county with her, also made the decision to take the postgraduate entrance examination at an older age. 31-year-old postgraduate entrance examination, 33-year-old graduate admitted to Beijing university career editor.

In her view, there is no road to life in vain. If she didn’t have the courage to decide to take the postgraduate entrance examination at that time, she wouldn’t have the opportunity to see a wider world and start a different life.

Of course, not everyone will land successfully.

However, everyone went to the shore of life.

Liu Jiahua, 30, met her husband in the postgraduate remedial class and started a sister-in-law relationship with a difference of 6 years.

Although the postgraduate entrance examination was not successful, but the three views are consistent, the two people who are in love with each other entered the wedding hall. In a year, Liu Jiahua unlocked the multiple roles of wife and mother.

What is even happier is that Liu Jiahua’s parents, who were still angry about their daughter’s willfulness to take the postgraduate entrance examination but refused to date each other a year ago, now smile from ear to ear with their little grandson every day.

Although she became a mother, Liu Jiahua still put her feelings first. "I have never regretted going to the postgraduate entrance examination. Maybe one day I will re-prepare for the exam."

And Ma Fei, the one who said he could only learn in the study room. She didn’t go ashore, but she opened a study room called "Going ashore".

"I this person, still like sth over and over again. I think my study room is full every day. When I think about it, it can be done. "

Ma Fei is an activist, and he started to do it. He set up a 150-square-meter house in the community, and after simple arrangement, he let it out. Business is very hot, and I don’t say anything in a month, but I also earned a small 20 thousand.

No, in less than a year, Ma Fei has turned from an "older job-hunting dog" who can’t find a job to a small boss. It is said that he is going to open a second store next month.

And Si Nian is ready for World War II. It is a pity that she was only 1 point lower than the admission line of Peking University in World War I..

"That’s Peking University, isn’t it worth fighting for again?"

And what is gratifying is that during the preparation period, Si Niannian has been recording his postgraduate course and review methods on social platforms. In a year, I have unconsciously increased more than 10,000 fans.

Today, the status of "postgraduate blogger" allows her to earn two or three thousand yuan in advertising revenue every month.

This made her prepare for the full-time exam without "worries", and she also had to rush for her dream of Peking University.

Is it worthwhile to take the postgraduate entrance examination?

This is a matter of opinion.

Simply calculating the economic account, it seems that it is not so cost-effective to go to graduate school at an older age.

A fresh doctoral student of Top3 University in 2023 regretted studying for a few more years. "I graduated as a doctor this year, and I got the highest Offer, so I got an annual salary of 600,000. Look at the undergraduate students who worked a few years earlier than me. Now it is not uncommon to have an annual salary of one million, and I am envious of it." He complained to Caijing Story. "I can study for a doctorate if I want to take the academic road, but the cruel thing is that I can finish my doctorate.

For mr. six in the workplace, full-time graduate study also means the interruption of the workplace.

What’s more, many 985 colleges and universities, especially those in first-and second-tier cities, no longer provide dormitories for master students, which undoubtedly increases the economic pressure of studying.

According to the market price, the extra rent of two or three thousand yuan per month will be a big expense in three years, and the total cost of graduate school may soar to 200 thousand.

Let’s look at the trend of graduate education. In recent years, the number of postgraduate candidates has been rising continuously, and the admission ratio of master students is also increasing year by year. In 2010, the enrollment ratio of master degree to master degree was 3:1, and in 2023, the number of applicants for master degree exceeded 60%. Even in top universities like Tsinghua University, the ratio of master degree to master degree has reached 74% and 26%. This undoubtedly shows that the special master education is increasingly valued.

Back to the reality of the workplace, for many majors, a bachelor’s degree plus three years of work experience may be more competitive in the workplace than a graduate student who just graduated.

For the older professionals who are trying to get rid of the 35-year-old middle-aged crisis through graduate school, "I will be 40 years old soon after graduate school, let alone find a job", which is also the concern of Wendao.

However, there is never a standard answer in life, just like the group of older postgraduate students who go against the current, listening to 10000 kinds of voices, but they can only go their own way after all. (The names in this article are all pseudonyms)

The administrative offices of the Union, the Municipal People’s Government, the commissions, offices, departments and bureaus of the autonomous region, and major enterprises and institutions:

The implementation of urban renewal is a major decision-making arrangement made by the Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee, and a major strategic measure to conform to the new stage of urban development and promote the high-quality development of the city. Urban renewal is not only an important carrier to implement the new development concept, but also an important fulcrum to build a new development pattern and an important path to promote carbon neutrality in peak carbon dioxide emissions. At present, the urban development of our region has changed from large-scale incremental construction to both stock upgrading and incremental structural adjustment, and has entered an important period of urban renewal. In order to promote the implementation of urban renewal, with the consent of the people’s government of the autonomous region, we hereby put forward the following opinions.

I. General requirements

Completely, accurately and comprehensively implement the new development concept, understand, respect and conform to the laws of urban development, continuously improve the quality of urban human settlements, and promote the modernization of urban governance system and governance capacity. Promote the inclusion of Hohhot and Baotou in national pilot cities and introduce pilot programs for urban renewal; Carry out urban renewal construction demonstration, and guide cities (including Bayanhaote Town, Alashan Zuoqi, Alashan League) to implement urban renewal actions. By the end of 2023, all the cities in the whole region will form demonstration areas for renewal, and gradually expand the scope of the areas or concentrate on urban renewal. By the end of 2025, important progress has been made in urban renewal, the institutional mechanism and policy system for urban renewal have been initially formed, the urban system has been continuously improved, the urban structure, functions and layout have been gradually adjusted and optimized, the mode of urban development and construction has been accelerated, the urban living environment has been continuously improved, and "urban diseases" and outstanding urban problems have been effectively controlled.

Second, the key tasks

(1) Building a livable and comfortable city.

1. Improve the spatial layout. Promote the construction of Hubao Hubei and Chifeng and Tongliao regional central cities, accelerate the integration process of Hubao Hubei and Hubei, promote the integration of production and cities, coordinate the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin, promote the co-construction and sharing of major regional infrastructure and public service facilities, and establish a modern facility network system such as comprehensive three-dimensional transportation of urban agglomerations with perfect functions and close connection. Promote urban and rural development with counties as a unit, steadily improve the carrying capacity of small and medium-sized cities, and focus on developing small towns with characteristics.

2. Promote the transformation of old communities. In accordance with the requirements of co-construction, co-governance, sharing, basic categories should be reformed, improved categories should be reformed more, and upgrading categories should be actively promoted, the renovation plan and annual renovation plan of old residential areas should be scientifically formulated, the renovation content should be reasonably determined, and efforts should be made to solve the problem of people’s "urgent difficulties and worries". By the end of the 14 th Five-Year Plan, the renovation of old residential areas completed before the end of 2005 will be basically completed. We will intensify the energy-saving renovation, water-saving renovation, aging adaptation and barrier-free facilities renovation of existing buildings, carry out actions to make up for shortcomings in the construction of complete residential communities, actively create green communities, and improve the livable level of residents.

3. Promote the renovation of old houses. The dilapidated buildings identified by the housing administrative department can be rebuilt through renovation, reconstruction or appropriate expansion. If conditions permit, the scale of the building can be appropriately increased, complete renovation or convenience service facilities can be implemented. Encourage old buildings such as old office buildings and old commercial facilities to upgrade, adjust their functions, enhance their vitality and develop new formats. Encourage old buildings to increase fire stairs, elevators and other facilities, and make comprehensive use of qualified underground space.

4. Promote the transformation of old factory areas. For enterprises in old industrial areas, local transformation, relocation in different places and legal closure will be implemented as appropriate, so as to guide enterprises to concentrate in qualified industrial parks and promote industrial agglomeration development. Make full use of the vacated land and abandoned land, and develop modern production and living services and strategic emerging industries. Encourage the transformation of old factories and facilities, giving priority to public culture, public sports, pension and creativity industries. We will promote the functional reconstruction, environmental improvement and ecosystem restoration of old industrial plants, rationally develop and utilize industrial heritage resources, and build bases for patriotism education and popular science.

5. Implement ecological restoration and functional improvement. Fully consider the carrying capacity of resources and environment, reasonably determine the city size and population density, improve the urban ecosystem, and protect the natural features of urban mountains. Repair rivers, lakes, wetlands and other water bodies, coordinate regional watershed ecological environment management and urban construction, protect and restore urban and surrounding water space, and expand rainwater storage space. Fully tap urban idle resources, maximize the activation of urban inefficient resources, and adopt diversified operation methods to make overall planning and in-depth development of existing urban spatial resources.

(2) Building a green and low-carbon city.

1. Promote the construction of landscaping. Strengthen the construction of urban park system, greenway and slow-moving system, and build a green ecological network. Taking the construction of garden city as the starting point, we will implement the action of "300 meters to see green, 500 meters to see garden" to further strengthen the systematic and balanced comprehensive service efficiency of urban garden green space. Reasonable planning and construction of public activity spaces such as squares, theme parks and walkways will facilitate residents’ activities and promote residents’ exchanges. Strengthen the function of green space to serve residents’ daily activities, so that residents can see green space near their homes, get close to green space and cultivate their sentiments.

2. Build a green building system. Strengthen the improvement of energy efficiency of new buildings and promote the development of passive buildings with ultra-low energy consumption, near zero energy consumption and zero carbon. Promote the scale development of green buildings, expand the implementation scope of green building standards, and develop high-star green buildings. Continue to promote the energy-saving renovation of existing residential buildings and public buildings, and strengthen the promotion and application of green building materials. Cultivate the industrial base of prefabricated buildings, carry out the demonstration of prefabricated buildings, improve the technical standard system of prefabricated buildings, explore the popularization and application in the construction of affordable housing, and accelerate the development of prefabricated buildings.

3. Accelerate the implementation of clean heating. Adhere to both energy security and clean development, and implement clean heating transformation such as "coal to gas" and "coal to electricity" according to local conditions. Vigorously promote cogeneration, industrial waste heat and large-scale regional boilers and other central heating methods, actively promote medium and long-distance heating, and gradually phase out scattered coal-fired boilers. Accelerate the integration and optimization of heating sources and the networking operation of heating networks to form a multi-heat source combined heating ring network. Accelerate the energy-saving renovation of existing buildings, the renovation of shanty towns and the renovation of urban villages and suburban areas, and gradually improve the clean heating rate.

4. Standardize the classification of domestic waste. Promote the introduction of local laws and regulations on the classification of domestic waste, improve the classification management system of domestic waste, improve the classification standards, issue guidance catalogues, and explore the formulation of incentive mechanisms linked to the classification results. Standardize the classified delivery of domestic waste, improve the classified collection facilities, improve the classified transfer facilities, promote the construction of domestic waste incineration plants and kitchen waste treatment plants, and enhance the terminal processing capacity. Improve the efficiency of garbage recovery and resource utilization.

(3) Building a safe and resilient city.

1. Promote the construction of sponge cities. Improve the promotion mechanism of sponge city construction, and run the concept and requirements of sponge city construction through the whole process of project construction. Carry out the pilot project of sponge city construction, give play to the leading role of typical demonstration projects, and cooperate with the construction and transformation of new urban infrastructure, the transformation of old residential areas, the treatment of black and odorous water bodies, drainage and waterlogging prevention, and landscaping. Adhere to systematic thinking and comprehensive management, and implement the five-year action of urban waterlogging control.

2. Promote the construction of new urban infrastructure. Comprehensively improve the operational efficiency and service capacity of urban infrastructure, implement the upgrading and intelligent management of municipal infrastructure such as urban water supply, drainage, heating and gas, improve the early warning and emergency management of pipe network leakage, flood control and drainage, gas safety, and ensure the safe operation of municipal infrastructure.

3. Strengthen the examination and acceptance of engineering fire protection design. Further standardize the working procedures of fire protection design review and acceptance of construction projects, and increase the construction of fire protection design review and acceptance institutions and teams. Strengthen the supervision of fire protection design review, construction, inspection and acceptance, strengthen the investigation of hidden dangers, focus on solving problems left over from history, do a good job in the pilot work of fire protection design review and acceptance in the renovation and utilization of existing buildings, and form a replicable and scalable experience.

4. Maintain urban public safety. Improve the allocation standard of urban comprehensive disaster prevention and safety facilities, improve the emergency command system for urban earthquake resistance, road traffic and geological disasters, and improve the urban life passage system. Strengthen the construction of urban disaster prevention and refuge places, and enhance the ability to resist natural disasters, deal with emergencies and manage crises. Establish and improve the responsibility system for urban safety supervision, rationally arrange urban residential and living areas, comprehensive service areas, commercial and business areas and green leisure areas, strengthen the monitoring of major hazard sources, and eliminate major accidents.

(4) Create a smart and dynamic city.

1. Promote the construction of urban information platform. Relying on the big data platform in the autonomous region, we will accelerate the construction of the basic platform of urban information model (CIM). Comprehensively promote the in-depth application of the platform in urban physical examination, urban safety, intelligent construction, smart community and other fields. Promote the construction of urban comprehensive management service platform and improve the scientific, refined and intelligent management level of the city. Build the Internet of construction industry, and apply the technology of building information model (BIM) to improve the coordination level of architectural design, construction, operation and maintenance.

2. Conduct a general survey of underground municipal infrastructure. Fully grasp the current situation, promote prefecture-level cities to establish and improve the comprehensive management information platform of underground municipal infrastructure, meet the requirements of facilities planning and construction, operation services, emergency and disaster prevention, and deeply integrate with the CIM platform to realize the co-construction and sharing of facilities information. Establish the geographic information system of municipal drainage pipe network, and realize the informationization and account book management of the pipe network.

(5) Shaping a city with humanistic characteristics.

1. Strengthen historical and cultural protection. We will sort out the regional cultural characteristics and urban vein texture in detail, do a good job in the protection of historical and cultural cities, historical and cultural blocks and historical buildings, and establish an urban and rural historical and cultural protection and inheritance system with scientific classification, strong protection and effective management. Efforts should be made to solve the outstanding problems such as the repeated destruction and demolition of historical and cultural heritage, make overall plans for protection, utilization and inheritance, and adhere to systematic and complete protection, not only to protect single buildings, but also to protect street blocks and urban patterns, as well as to protect historical sites, natural landscapes and human environment.

2. Strengthen the control of style and features. In accordance with the architectural policy of "applicability, economy, green and beauty", the use function of buildings and the requirements of energy-saving, water-saving, land-saving, material-saving and environmental protection are highlighted, and special-shaped buildings are strictly controlled to prevent one-sided pursuit of architectural appearance. Comprehensively strengthen urban design, optimize and upgrade architectural design standards, strengthen the investigation of design responsibility, strictly control the examination and approval of architectural design, and put an end to chaos such as greed, flattery and strangeness.

Third, the work measures

(a) to carry out a comprehensive urban physical examination. Through the evaluation of urban physical examination, find out the shortcomings and weaknesses. Coordinate the management of urban planning and construction, and put forward the goals and suggestions of optimizing regional functions, improving public facilities, improving urban quality, protecting historical features, improving urban environment and improving infrastructure.

(two) the scientific preparation of the implementation plan. The people’s governments of various cities shall organize the formulation of the implementation plan for urban renewal in their respective regions, and rationally delimit the renewal areas. Considering the functional integrity, systematicness and project implementability of the district as a whole, the project construction plan of the renewal district should be compiled, and different districts should implement differentiated urban renewal strategies.

(three) to carry out the implementation effect evaluation. According to the implementation plan of urban renewal, carry out post-evaluation of implementation effect, comprehensively summarize the implementation effect, seek truth from facts to find problems, and formulate sustainable promotion measures. Carry out a survey of people’s satisfaction and let the people judge the effectiveness of urban human settlements construction.

Fourth, organizational guarantee

(1) Strengthen organizational leadership. All regions and relevant departments should fully understand the significance of implementing urban renewal actions, and establish a working mechanism for autonomous regions to make overall plans, cities to take overall responsibility, and jurisdictions to implement them. Establish an inter-office joint meeting system for the implementation of urban renewal actions in the autonomous region, and clarify departmental responsibilities and tasks. The office of the joint meeting is located in the Housing and Urban-Rural Development Department of the autonomous region. All relevant departments should do a good job of coordination, strengthen work guidance, strengthen policy support, and form a joint force for urban renewal. The people’s governments of cities should earnestly assume the main responsibility, strengthen organizational leadership and overall coordination, and promote the effectiveness of urban renewal.

(2) Strengthen policy guarantee. Innovate supporting systems such as project establishment, land, planning and approval, and form a management system and policy system that is suitable for large-scale stock upgrading and transformation. Increase the security of urban renewal projects, optimize the supply structure of new construction land, revitalize the use of existing urban construction land, give priority to urban renewal projects, and adjust the nature and use of land according to law as needed. Continue to optimize the business environment, and improve the approval efficiency of urban renewal related projects by reducing links, reducing materials and optimizing the approval process.

(3) Increase financial support. Actively strive for central subsidy funds, adjust and optimize the financial expenditure structure, and increase investment in urban renewal projects. Co-ordinate the special funds of the autonomous region and guide the financial subsidy funds to tilt towards urban renewal projects. Support local people’s governments to increase the investment of special bond funds in urban renewal projects. Give full play to the role of policy finance, innovate financial products and services, and provide sustainable financing support for urban renewal. Encourage social capital to participate in urban renewal projects.

(4) Do a good job in publicity and guidance. All regions should intensify publicity and reporting, make full use of radio and television, newspapers, internet and other media, widely publicize the policies and effects of urban renewal, and tell the story of Inner Mongolia urban renewal. It is necessary to strengthen the guidance of public opinion, report advanced experience in time, and publicize the sense of gain brought by urban renewal to the people. We should actively expand people’s participation channels and jointly create a good social atmosphere for urban renewal.

September 3, 2021

(This piece is publicly released)