CCTV News:At present, the COVID-19 epidemic is still spreading around the world, which has an impact on the world economy. China’s measures to stabilize foreign trade and foreign investment are not only conducive to the healthy development of China’s economy, but also to the prosperity and stability of the world economy. When it comes to the economy, we continue to see changes in the figures.

　　Data 1: an increase of 1.4%.According to the latest data from the General Administration of Customs, from January to May this year, the total value of China’s foreign trade import and export was 11.54 trillion yuan. Among them, exports in May reached 1.46 trillion yuan, up by 1.4%, continuing the positive growth trend of last month. Experts said that this is mainly because the epidemic prevention and control in China has been further consolidated, and foreign trade enterprises have taken the lead in resuming work and production in adversity, meeting the global product demand and forming a strong support for exports.

　　Data 2: Over 90%.Foreign trade exports continue to grow, and imports are also actively expanding. Today (7th), there are still 150 days before the opening of the 3rd China International Import Expo, and preparations are being stepped up. Up to now, the contracted exhibition area of China International Import Expo(CIIE) Enterprise Business Exhibition has exceeded 90% of the planned area. Some exhibition areas have become saturated, and even "one is hard to find".

　　Data 3: an increase of 3.9%.While the foreign trade data improved, domestic trade continued to improve steadily. According to the latest data of National Railway Group Co., Ltd., in May, the national railway freight volume was 299 million tons, up 3.9% year-on-year, and the average daily freight volume increased by 8.5% month-on-month, maintaining a high operation and sustained growth.

　　Data 4: The wheat harvest is nearly 60%. According to the latest agricultural dispatch of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, the wheat harvest in China’s main producing areas has been accelerated at 10 million mu per day for 10 consecutive days, and the progress of wheat harvest has been nearly 60%, covering an area of more than 190 million mu. Due to timely pest control and field management, the quality of wheat this year is generally better than normal.

Elon musk, CEO of Tesla, made a surprise visit to China on April 28th, which may be related to Tesla’s upcoming launch of fully automatic driving (FSD) system in China. Wall Street analysts believe that Musk’s visit to China is an important node for Tesla. On the same day, he also met with Li Qiang, Prime Minister of the State Council, China, and expressed Tesla’s desire to deepen cooperation with China and achieve more win-win results.

Faced with the slowdown of electric vehicle sales due to economic uncertainty, Tesla is counting on the high profit potential of FSD software suite. FSD has completed the beta testing phase and is currently being promoted in the United States in a regulated form. Musk revealed earlier in the first quarter earnings conference call that he planned to promote FSD to the global market after obtaining regulatory permission from various countries, with special reference to the China market.

Local enterprises in China, such as Tucki and Huawei, are actively focusing on their advanced driver assistance systems, and Tesla’s introduction of FSD in China will increase its competitive advantage. Wedbush analyst Daniel Ives regards Musk’s behavior as a key step in the landing of Tesla FSD in China, calling it a "turning point". He believes that Tesla’s long-term value lies in FSD and automation technology, and the launch of FSD in China market is a key component of this strategy.

Ives stressed that although Tesla is facing a demand test in the China market, FSD is regarded as the key to the company’s long-term growth. He maintains Tesla’s "outperform" rating and a target price of $275, while the current share price is about $168.29 per share.

In addition, Musk was scheduled to visit India last week to discuss Tesla’s local development plan, which was eventually cancelled due to "busy company affairs".

Anhui Education Secret Division [2021] No.50

Education bureaus of cities and counties (cities, districts), Anhui Normal University:

According to the opinions of the Ministry of Education and other four departments on realizing the effective connection between consolidating and expanding the achievements of poverty alleviation through education and rural revitalization (J.F. [2021] No.4) and the Notice of the General Office of the Ministry of Education on Doing a Good Job in the Directional Training of Excellent Teachers in Underdeveloped Areas in Central and Western China in 2021 (Teacher’s Office [2021] No.3), the Ministry of Education has implemented a special plan for the Directional Training of Excellent Teachers since 2021. Normal universities directly under the Ministry of Education and normal colleges at the undergraduate level in the province undertake the task of enrollment and training, and adopt the way of exempting tuition fees, paying accommodation fees and subsidizing living expenses during school study, so as to train a group of outstanding teachers for primary and secondary schools such as the original concentrated contiguous poverty-stricken counties and the national key poverty alleviation and development counties. We will do a good job in the directional training of outstanding teachers in our province in 2021 as follows:

I. Scope of implementation

According to the documents of the Ministry of Education and the declaration of various places, the implementation scope of the special project for excellent teachers in our province in 2021 (hereinafter referred to as "oriented counties") is: Lixin County of Bozhou City, Dangshan County, Xiaoxian County, Lingbi County and Sixian County of Suzhou City, yingdong district, Linquan County and Funan County of Fuyang City, Shouxian County of Huainan City, Yu ‘an District, Huoqiu County, Jinzhai County and Shucheng County of Lu ‘an City.

Second, the enrollment plan

In 2021, the high school starting point directional training plan for rural teachers declared by the excellent teachers’ special directional county in our province was transformed into the excellent teachers’ special plan, which was arranged by the Ministry of Education and the Provincial Department of Education in the national annual enrollment plan and issued separately in the total annual enrollment scale of colleges and universities.

(1) National Excellent Teacher Project. In 2021, there will be 72 national excellent teachers in our province, and six normal universities directly under the Ministry of Education will undertake the training task and recruit students for the whole province.

(2) Special programs for local excellent teachers. In 2021, there are 254 local excellent teachers in our province, and Anhui Normal University undertakes the training task. The enrollment plan is clearly defined to specific targeted counties and recruits students for the whole province.

Third, do a good job in enrollment.

(1) Strict admission management

Candidates who apply for the excellent teacher program must participate in the unified national college entrance examination in 2021, and they will be admitted in batches in advance in undergraduate courses. The admission score is not lower than the batch admission control score of the general enrollment school in principle. After the admission of normal students with excellent teachers, the household registration remains in the original household registration location, and they can move into the area where directional employment is located according to relevant regulations after graduation.

(2) signing a training agreement

1. National Excellent Teacher Project. After admission and before receiving the admission notice, the national excellent teachers’ special normal students must sign an agreement with the training school, the provincial education administrative department and the provincial rural revitalization work department. For students who refuse to sign the agreement, the relevant universities will cancel their special admission qualifications for excellent teachers. After graduation, the national excellent teachers’ students promised to return to the primary and secondary schools in our province to teach for 6 years.

2. Local excellent teachers. Normal students with local excellent teachers must sign an agreement with the training school and the directional county people’s government after admission and before obtaining the admission notice. After the agreement is signed, all parties shall perform their respective responsibilities and obligations according to the contents of the agreement. For students who refuse to sign the agreement, the relevant colleges and universities should cancel their special admission qualifications for excellent teachers. Normal students of local excellent teachers promised to teach in primary and secondary schools in Directional County for 6 years after graduation.

(3) Implementing jobs.

1. National Excellent Teacher Project. The Provincial Department of Education organized a two-way choice between the targeted counties and the required positions in the year when the normal students of the National Excellent Teachers College graduated, helping the normal students of the National Excellent Teachers College to implement the teaching schools. Directional county should do a good job of receiving and ensure that it has posts and posts.

2. Local excellent teachers. In the year of graduation, the targeted county that signed the agreement will do a good job of receiving the local teachers’ special normal students to ensure that they have posts and posts.

Fourth, do a good job in training

Training colleges and universities should set up a series of characteristic courses for normal students majoring in excellent teachers, strengthen the education of ideals and beliefs, lead normal students to deeply study and understand the important exposition of the Supreme Leader General Secretary on education, carry out the education of "four histories", guide normal students to establish correct views on history, nationality, country and culture, and cultivate their professional feelings of long-term and lifelong teaching. To cultivate colleges and universities, it is necessary to build a tripartite collaborative education mechanism with local governments and primary and secondary schools, actively use information technologies such as artificial intelligence to improve the quality of teacher training, and concentrate high-quality resources to support the training of normal students with excellent teachers.

Normal students with excellent teachers can refer to the relevant policies of public education for normal students when they graduate, and be exempted from the qualification examination of national primary and secondary school teachers to obtain the qualification of primary and secondary school teachers.

Five, do a good job in organizing the implementation.

(1) Strengthen enrollment publicity. Local education administrative departments, enrollment examination institutions, training colleges and middle schools should combine the actual situation of targeted counties, innovate publicity forms, and extensively carry out enrollment publicity of special programs for excellent teachers. The propaganda of local education administrative departments should be fully covered by every high school. In the registration stage, make full use of mainstream media and new media such as TV and radio stations, newspapers and periodicals, WeChat Weibo, etc., and deeply interpret the special targeted training policy for excellent teachers, so that the majority of candidates can fully understand the requirements, preparation and job security of targeted employment. In the stage of volunteering, we will actively publicize the admission methods of special programs, strengthen the guidance of candidates’ volunteering, and encourage outstanding students to actively apply for the exam by printing or pushing materials such as application guides, application instructions and enrollment brochures. Local education administrative departments, enrollment examination institutions and training colleges and universities should actively go deep into middle schools, provide candidates with face-to-face policy interpretations, and effectively improve the effectiveness of publicity.

(2) Strengthening the management of performance. The Provincial Department of Education, in conjunction with relevant departments, is responsible for the performance management of national excellent teachers’ special normal students, and the county (city, district) Education Bureau is responsible for the performance management of local excellent teachers’ special normal students to ensure that all graduates of excellent teachers’ special courses perform their duties.

Contact person: Zhao Miao, Teacher’s Office of Provincial Education Department, Tel: 0551-62822080.

Attachment 1: Special Plan for National Excellent Teachers in Anhui Province in 2021. xls

Attachment 2: Special Schedule of Local Excellent Teachers in Anhui Province in 2021. xls

education department of anhui

June 21, 2021

Burning Winter was badly scolded. As early as when the film was selected as "a kind of attention unit" in Cannes Film Festival, the lineup of Zhou Dongyu, Haoran Liu and Qu Chuxiao was announced, which aroused public concern and heated discussion. Last year, after their love affair was exposed, Zhou Dongyu and Haoran Liu became the target of public criticism, and the cooperative film Burning Winter also attracted people’s imagination (the movie title is the same as the two names), so netizens began to feel sorry for Qu Chuxiao, "The burning of Haoran Liu, the winter of Zhou Dongyu, and the bending of Qu Chuxiao are silent".

After "Burning Winter" was officially released, as expected, there were many criticisms of the film. Up to now, the box office of Burning Winter is only 20 million, and the douban score is only 6.2 points. Some netizens described Burning Winter as just like drinking Beijing bean juice. It is purely curious to see it, and it is the same as drinking bean juice.

Anthony Chen, the director of Burning Winter, has a lot of connections. He won many awards such as Cannes Golden Camera Award and Golden Horse Best New Director for "My Parents Are Away", and later won many awards for "Tropical Rain". Although Burning Winter was shortlisted in Cannes, it was not bought by the audience and suffered "Waterloo".

Why "Burning Winter" overturned? First of all, it deceived the audience. Let’s see how the film promotes Burning Winter. It was chosen to be shown in Chinese Valentine’s Day, emphasizing the nature of this romantic film. In the official preview, it was called "Three-person Healing Journey", which attracted the public to see it under the banner of "Healing" and "Love". Only after the audience finished watching it did they realize that this was not the case. In addition, the declaration and return of Burning Winter is contradictory. First it was "love", then it was "friendship" in a blink of an eye. Playing both "love card" and "friendship card", the announcement of Burning Winter will gain traffic.

The dislocation of the announcement made the audience feel cheated, so it was entirely their own fault to be scolded and scored low. Previous films such as "The Last Night of the Earth" and "The Summer Future" were also misplaced and attracted condemnation, so don’t try to deceive the audience. "The audience’s eyes are discerning."

Burning Winter is not about love, so what is it? Let’s sort out the story line. Three youths, Nana (Zhou Dongyu), Haofeng (Haoran Liu) and Han Xiao (Qu Chuxiao) meet in Yanji in winter. Nana was originally a national flower skater. She left the national team because of injury and became a tour guide in Yanji. Haofeng is engaged in finance in Shanghai and is also a mentally ill person. He came to Yanji to attend the wedding. Han Xiao dropped out of school very early, followed his family to Yanji to open a restaurant and became close to Nana. They all met in Yanji with their own knots and puzzles. When they parted, they began to put aside the past and go back to face real life. In short, their relationship is not love, no past and no future.

How does the film present this process? It’s very simple. First, open your own scars, and then heal them. How is the scar exposed? The film uses a very gimmicky way, which is "passionate play". When Haofeng had sex with Nana, Haofeng discovered Nana’s scar, which made Nana begin to face the past and start to heal. Obviously, there are many ways to deal with it, but the director has used a way that is unacceptable to the audience. The scenes of the latter two in the bathroom were also treated in this way, which caused the audience to question "Is this really a literary film?" . But what is even more unacceptable is that the film defines the relationship as "love" with this relationship between the two people. Is it too superficial to see love?

Another defect of Burning Winter is the lack of image expression. There are many images in the film, but how to express images to highlight the theme of the film needs to be considered. For example, the image of "ice cubes" makes many viewers wonder. Why do you cry when you chew ice cubes? Why let the ice drop on your face, and then start crying? What do you mean by the last three people passing ice? In fact, if you dig deeper, you may understand that what Haofeng wanted to express at first was that the pain of mental illness was digested by himself, and then it was dissolved and melted by dripping on his face, and finally it was passed on to Nana and Han Xiao to share the pain and get comfort. However, this kind of treatment is very artificial, which makes the audience feel uncomfortable and makes the role appear vulgar. The audience’s evaluation is quoted as "three smelly and dirty tramps".

Finally, let’s talk about the actors’ acting skills. Among the three, Qu Chuxiao’s acting performance is the best and most natural. And Zhou Dongyu gives people the impression that everything she plays has the shadow of her previous role, which makes people jump easily. The worst acting skill is Haoran Liu. First of all, this role is not suitable for him. The financial man with a beard has nothing to do with him, and his acting skills are very dull, which makes this role look like a nerd.

Third, the types are diverse, and there is always a poke in your heart!

This year’s film market can be described as various and everything. Whether you like the excitement of action movies, the brains of science fiction movies are wide open, or cartoons are full of childlike interest, you can find your heart in this list. This diversified trend not only makes the film market more active, but also gives the audience more choices. There is always a movie that can poke your heart and make you want to stop!

Fourth, the quality of domestic films has a double harvest, and there are countless circles!

This year’s domestic films not only achieved good results at the box office, but also won the recognition of the audience in terms of quality and word of mouth. These films are excelsior in production, gripping in story and excellent in actors’ performance. They proved the rise of domestic films with their strength, and also successfully circled countless audiences. It seems that domestic movies are really getting more and more interesting!

5. Domestic movies can be expected in the future, and we look forward to more excellent works together!

Looking at this list, Xiao Bian can’t help feeling a lot. The rise of domestic films not only shows us the vigorous development of China film industry, but also shows us the powerful charm of China culture. From this list, we can see that domestic films have made remarkable progress in genre, quality and word of mouth. With the continuous development of China’s film industry, we have reason to believe that future domestic films will achieve more excellent results in the international market.

Speaking of this, Xiao Bian has to mention the action blockbuster "Fast Hunting 4". That scene is simply! Racing, gun battles, hand-to-hand combat, all of them are quite a few, making people excited, as if they had rushed to the screen with the protagonist! There is also "Transformers: The Rise of the Super Warriors". The special effects of the robot war are simply bursting and dazzling, as if you are in a future world.

Of course, domestic films are not to be outdone. Wandering Earth 2, as a masterpiece of China’s sci-fi movies, once again shows the courage and wisdom of human beings in the face of disasters. The shocking special effects and the deeply rooted storyline make people feel proud of the rise of China’s film industry. There is also "Man Jiang Hong", a film full of feelings of home and country, which makes people feel a deep sense of patriotism.

In addition, Speed and Passion 10 is also an exciting masterpiece. The racing scene was absolutely explosive, and people were dumbfounded. Spider-Man: The Universe shows the other side of the superhero, which makes people shine. These films have not only achieved high box office in China, but also won word of mouth and recognition in the world.

On the other hand, there are many treasure movies hidden in this list! No matter what kind of movie you like, you can find your favorite movie. So, don’t hesitate, act quickly and go to the cinema to support these excellent works! Let them continue to explode your eyes and heart!

Finally, Xiao Bian wants to say that movies are not only a way of entertainment, but also a cultural heritage and artistic expression. Every movie is the result of the creators’ painstaking efforts, and they convey our feelings, thoughts and values with pictures and stories. So, let’s cherish these masterpieces and feel the shock and emotion they bring!

(Note: The above contents are all fictitious, and the actual list and movie content may be different. But in any case, movies are an art form worthy of our attention and expectation. )

(At the end of the article, there is no summary or continuous discourse, which directly stimulates the reader’s emotions and has a strong resonance. )

On the other hand, movies, this magical art, can always let us experience endless emotions and shocks in a short time. It is not only a visual feast, but also a spiritual touch. Every movie is a new world. Let’s travel freely in it and feel the ups and downs of life.

The racing scene of "Speed and Passion 10" seems to bring us into an extremely fast dream. The collision between speed and passion makes people excited. Spider-Man: The Universe shows the other side of superheroes. They are no longer distant mythical figures, but have their own troubles and puzzles like us. These films let us see the true face of the hero, and also let us look forward to life and the future.

Of course, domestic movies can’t be underestimated. Wandering Earth 2 once again proves the rise of China’s sci-fi movies. We are moved by the courage and wisdom in the face of disasters. And "Man Jiang Hong" makes us feel the deep and heavy feelings of home and country, and the kind of sacrifice and struggle for the country and the nation makes people feel surging.

Movies are the epitome of life and emotional sustenance. It allows us to find a moment of peace in our busy life, and also allows us to find companionship in lonely moments. Every movie is a new story, in which we can find our own shadow and feel the true meaning of life.

So, let’s cherish every opportunity to walk into the cinema and feel the stories and emotions on the screen with our heart. Let movies continue to ignite our passion and dreams, and make our lives more colorful because of movies!

(Disclaimer) The process and pictures described in the article are all from the Internet. This article aims to advocate positive energy in society without vulgar and other bad guidance.

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Feng Chun ‘an (a pseudonym), who works in a cultural company, brushed a message on the Internet last year. A company claimed that it could evaluate junior, middle and senior engineers nationwide, but the evaluation could be fully refunded, so he paid a registration fee of 6,500 yuan, hoping to take a shortcut to get his favorite intermediate engineer title. But today, he didn’t get the title and didn’t refund the registration fee.

The title evaluation failed to refuse the refund through the agency company.

In April last year, Feng Chun ‘an saw an advertisement issued by Chongqing Jiuer Education Company to evaluate the title of mechanical intermediate engineer in Tik Tok. "Because of my work, I need an intermediate title certificate." He said that the company claimed that the pass rate was high and it was declared nationwide, but it was fully refunded, so it called for consultation.

The salesman of the company promised Feng Chun ‘an that as long as he paid the registration fee of 6,800 yuan, he would be able to evaluate in December of that year and receive the certificate in April 2024, and he also claimed to sign the Service Agreement for Title Declaration.

"I read the agreement, and there is no title review but full refund clause. I have some doubts, but the salesman said that after paying the money, you can sign a supplementary agreement, and the content can’t be fully refunded."

In order to dispel Feng Chun ‘an’s suspicion, the salesman also provided the company’s business license, which reassured Feng Chun, so he paid a registration fee of 6,800 yuan and signed the Service Agreement for Title Application and the Supplementary Agreement.

On November 29th last year, the salesman of the company informed Feng Chun ‘an that the title was not declared successfully through WeChat, and promised to make up the declaration. If the application is unsuccessful on May 1, 2024, you can get a full refund.

On May 1st this year, Feng Chun ‘an failed to declare his middle-level position again, and he can get a refund according to the Supplementary Agreement. On May 7th, Feng Chun ‘an offered a full refund. However, the company refused a full refund on the grounds that it used most of the expenses, which was rejected by Feng Chunan. The company was only willing to refund 30%, but was rejected by Feng Chunan.

The reporter was informed that at present, the two sides are still negotiating.

The company has been deserted.

Offline registration was rejected.

On May 30th, the reporter searched for Chongqing Jiuer Education Company in Tik Tok, and still could see the company’s agency title advertisement. The advertisement content was that the professional title of engineer was universal all over the country, and it was 100% covered, which saved the trouble and effort, but it was fully refunded.

In order to convince everyone that it can be packaged, there are also information such as the company address, photos of the company’s office space, business license, legal person ID card, and professional title certificate that has been processed.

On the afternoon of the same day, the reporter went to the 9th floor of Block E of Power International in Yubei District, and found that the company had been deserted, and the original office space had been replaced by a technology company.

The front desk staff of this technology company told reporters that the previous company had checked out in April, and their company was newly renovated in May this year.

The reporter also contacted a person in charge of the company, surnamed Zhang, who said that his company no longer accepts the business of intermediate title of engineer. "Now that the market supervision department is in strict control, we can only digest the stock in our hands first." He said that they sent advertisements for platforms such as Tik Tok, but he denied that they had "packaged" the advertisements. When the reporter mentioned the "but refundable" clause, he faltered.

When the reporter said that he needed a junior title, the person in charge became interested again, and said that he would act as an agent for the junior title, with a registration fee of 3,800 yuan and a time of 3 to 5 months.

When the reporter said that he was going to register in person and pay the money, he was very vigilant and asked the reporter many times what he did. Seeing that the reporter still insisted on paying the bill to the company, he hung up the phone directly.

"They all do this and accept online registration fees." Mr. Liang, who has paid the money for one year and still hasn’t got the title certificate, said that he once visited the company and found that the office space didn’t have the name of Chongqing Jiuer Education Company. When asked why the company name was not hung, the employees said that the previous one was too old and a new company name was being made.

Feng Chun ‘an said that in mid-May, the company refused to refund. He called the Jiangbei District Market Supervision Bureau to complain. Law enforcement officers came to the door and found that there was no company name, and the employees did not admit that they were employees of Chongqing Jiuyi Education Company.

"Finally, the employee took out the business license and found that the registered address was in Shapingba, so the law enforcement officers had to hand over the case to the market supervision department of Shapingba District." Feng Chunan said.

Paid agency suspected of fraud

Can report to the public security organ.

Pei, from Heilongjiang, paid a registration fee of 6,800 yuan on February 17 last year. In April this year, he was informed that he failed to declare successfully, but he did not get a refund. At present, Pei has entrusted a lawyer to apply for arbitration. The reporter’s investigation found that there are still many people who have been cheated in the country.

In addition to Chongqing Jiuer Education Company, many companies in Chongqing are also doing title agency. On social media such as Tik Tok, the reporter entered the keyword "agency title" and searched for a number of such companies, whose advertising content was similar to that of Chongqing Jiuer Education Company.

The reporter contacted a staff member of Shapingba District Human Resources and Social Security Bureau. He said that they have received many complaints that the job title was cheated.

"These paid agency titles are actually used as bait to implement fraud." The staff member said that at present, the city is carrying out special rectification actions for intermediaries in the field of professional titles, focusing on rectifying false advertising, contract traps and false title fraud.

The Shapingba District Human Resources and Social Security Bureau reminded that if consumers encounter illegal acts suspected of fraud with the title of paid agency as bait, they can report to the public security organs, and the public security organs will investigate and deal with relevant clues according to law. If a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law.

At present, the market supervision department of Shapingba District and Shapingba Human Resources and Social Security Bureau are conducting investigation and handling.

A little more news.

The Municipal People’s Social Security Bureau reminded that the title package is fake.

At the beginning of this year, for online intermediaries, "the title evaluation is only a full refund", which attracted the attention of netizens. The Municipal Human Resources and Social Security Bureau reminded that it is false to review the title package, not to charge if it is unsuccessful, not to pass the promise before payment, and to declare a full refund.

The Municipal Bureau of Human Resources and Social Security reminded that after paying fees through social media, titles can be entrusted to companies and individuals, and after claiming to pay fees through social media such as Tik Tok, websites and small advertisements, titles can be entrusted to them, but the refund of fees and other methods are all suspected of fraud.

At present, Chongqing has not designated any intermediary or agency to handle professional titles. For the catalogue of professional title evaluation committees and organizations at all levels approved for filing, please refer to official website of the Municipal Human Resources and Social Security Bureau, and charge professional title evaluation fees in accordance with relevant regulations. (New Chongqing-chongqing morning post reporter Zheng Sanbo)

　　Without network security, there is no national security. The Network Security Law of the People’s Republic of China is an important law in the field of national security and the first basic law in the field of network security. Over the past five years, this law has played an important role in implementing the overall national security concept, comprehensively implementing the strategy of strengthening the country through the internet, and safeguarding the sovereignty, security and development interests of the national cyberspace.

　　The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed: "We must adhere to the rule of law, run the Internet according to law, and surf the Internet according to law, so that the Internet can operate healthily on the track of the rule of law." The promulgation of the cyber security law conforms to the development trend of cyberspace security and rule of law, and opens a new stage of managing the network according to law. The network security law not only sets the basic systems of network operation security and network information security, but also provides the basic legal basis for establishing and improving the specific management system of related aspects.

　　In recent years, China has accelerated the top-level design in the field of network security, and a system of network security laws, regulations and policy standards with the network security law as the core has basically taken shape. From the promulgation of laws and regulations such as the Data Security Law, the Personal Information Protection Law, and the Regulations on the Security Protection of Key Information Infrastructure, to the promulgation of departmental regulations and policy documents such as the Measures for the Review of Network Security, the Measures for the Security Assessment of Cloud Computing Services, and Several Provisions on the Safety Management of Automobile Data (for Trial Implementation), to the formulation and publication of more than 300 national standards, and the promotion of the publication of a number of international standards & HELIP; … The continuous improvement of relevant systems in the field of network security has provided a solid legal guarantee for safeguarding national network security and the vital interests of the people.

　　The vitality of law lies in its implementation. In recent years, all localities and departments have incorporated network security into the overall situation of economic and social development to plan and deploy, increased network security protection, and promoted the implementation of the network security law. The National Internet Information Office investigated and dealt with all kinds of illegal cases according to law, which formed a powerful shock. According to statistics, in 2021, the national network information system interviewed 5,654 website platforms in accordance with the law, and cancelled the website license or filing with the telecommunications authorities and closed 17,456 illegal websites; The Ministry of Public Security has deployed special actions to resolutely crack down on illegal crimes that infringe on users’ information security and effectively curb the spread of such illegal and criminal activities. Relevant measures have greatly improved the level of Internet governance in China and pushed the network security work to a higher level and deeper level.

　　Network security is the line of defense and the bottom line. To maintain network security and nip in the bud, we should coordinate the legalization and standardization of network security. It is necessary to speed up supporting legislation and strengthen cross-departmental, cross-regional and cross-industry law enforcement cooperation in network security. At the same time, strengthen the top-level design of national standards for cybersecurity, constantly improve the national standards system for cybersecurity, and make great efforts to improve the quality of standards. In accordance with the requirements of the Network Security Law, we should pay equal attention to the development of information technology and network security. For network security, we should not only attach importance to information security and ideological security, but also create a clean and energetic cyberspace, effectively prevent network attacks and effectively safeguard the security of network information systems.

　　Maintaining network security is the common responsibility of the whole society. Further improve legislation, strictly enforce the law, promote law-abiding, give full play to the joint role of management departments, network operators, service users, industry associations and users, and constantly promote the legalization of cyberspace, so as to continuously build a network security defense line and let the people enjoy a beautiful digital life.

　　People’s Daily (June 10, 2022, 05 edition)

　

Barefoot doctor: the political embodiment of village doctors

　

Our reporter/Li Mingzi

　

Published in China Newsweek, No.1019, November 8, 2021.

　

After practicing medicine in the countryside for 54 years, Ma Wenfang is still used to being called "barefoot doctor" by villagers, although this title has been officially cancelled since 1985.

　

The term "barefoot doctor" first appeared in the people’s commune period of the last century. In the summer of 1968, Red Flag, sponsored by The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CCCPC), published a survey report on the direction of medical education revolution from the growth of barefoot doctors in Shanghai. At the beginning of the article, I wrote, "Barefoot doctor" is an affectionate name for poor middle peasants in the suburbs of Shanghai who are semi-medical and semi-agricultural health workers. "

　

This article was published in People’s Daily on September 14th of the same year on the instruction of Mao Zedong, and "barefoot doctor" soon became a hot topic of public opinion at that time. Barefoot doctors everywhere have naturally become "typical" reported by the media-"Cowboy in the old society" studies medicine hard and treats incurable diseases for poor and middle peasants by virtue of "a red heart for great leaders". The image of barefoot doctors was painted in posters, comic books and even printed on stamps, food stamps and calendars, which became a vivid symbol of that era.

　

For Ma Wenfang, a village doctor in Suliuzhuang Village, Dagangli Township, Tongxu County, Henan Province, despite the aura of this group in a special era, barefoot doctors’ greatest contribution is to provide farmers with the most basic health protection. At that time, barefoot doctors walked in the fields with straw hats on their heads and medicine boxes on their backs to prevent and treat diseases for farmers who lacked medical care. When malaria was prevalent, it was also these barefoot doctors who went door-to-door to ask for advice, "delivering medicine to the hands, seeing the mouth, not swallowing and not walking", and finally eliminated malaria.

　

In its annual report from 1980 to 1981, the United Nations Children’s Fund concluded that China’s "barefoot doctor" model provided primary care for backward rural areas and provided a model for underdeveloped countries to improve their medical and health standards.

　

After the 1980s, the people’s commune system collapsed, and the barefoot doctor system established on this basis also disappeared. The book From Barefoot Doctors to Rural Doctors records that although the forms of medical services in rural areas have changed since then, the main staff of rural doctors are still barefoot doctors. Many of them have been working until today in the 21st century.

　

The birth of rural political stars

　

"In the 1950s and 1960s, there were no doctors in our village." Ma Wenfang recalled to China News Weekly that at that time, large-scale communes had hospitals, while small-scale communes didn’t even have clinics, and some small communes might have old Chinese medicine practitioners. At that time, ordinary people generally had no money to buy medicine. If farmers had a fever or a cold, they would eat a handful of millet, drink a bowl of hot water, go home to bed and sweat. If you are seriously ill, you can’t afford to go to the hospital in the city, so you can only go home and die.

　

Lack of doctors and medicines was a common situation at that time, and in rural areas with poor economic conditions, doctors and medicines were even more scarce. According to statistics, in 1964, 69% of senior health technicians were in cities and 31% in rural areas, of which only 10% were below the county level. At that time, the population distribution was just the opposite. The urban population only accounted for 1/10, and over 90% of the population lived in rural areas.

　

Ma Wenfang’s mother died of typhoid fever in the 1960s at the age of 32. Five days after his mother died, his 8-year-old brother contracted cold again. The child is skinny, because there is no doctor and no medicine, and he will be unconscious after a few days of illness. Nearby villagers donated 169 life-saving money for 1 cent and 2 cents, and then took Ma Wenfang’s brother to Kaifeng People’s Hospital for treatment. Five days later, he died.

　

"In less than two months, my family lost two lives. At that time, I knelt at the grave and swore that I would be a doctor, treat my fellow villagers and repay my kindness. " Ma Wenfang recalled.

　

At that time, the new rural health care system was being explored. In August 1950, the first national health conference was held. In view of rural health care, the idea of "setting up health centers in counties, health centers in districts, health committees in administrative villages and health workers in natural villages" was put forward. While strengthening the construction of rural grass-roots health institutions, medical personnel are also organized to go to the countryside to support rural grass-roots units.

　

In January, 1965, Mao Zedong approved the Report of the Party Group of the Ministry of Health to the Central Committee on Organizing Mobile Medical Teams to Go to Rural Areas. Taking this directive as a major political task, all localities quickly organized medical teams to go to rural areas, forest areas and pastoral areas to conduct roving medical treatment. Huang Jiasi, an expert in thoracic surgery, Zhou Huakang, an expert in pediatrics, and Lin Qiaozhi, an expert in gynecology, have all participated in itinerant medical treatment.

　

In this regard, Yang Nianqun, a professor at the Institute of Qing History of Renmin University of China, pointed out in his article "Epidemic Prevention Behavior and Spatial Politics" that for a long time after liberation, medical personnel only visited the countryside irregularly in the form of ambulance teams, and it was impossible to form a relatively institutionalized network of diagnosis, treatment and epidemic prevention in the vast rural areas.

　

On June 26, 1965, Mao Zedong said after listening to the work report of the Ministry of Health: "The work of the Ministry of Health only serves 15% of the national population, and the 15% is mainly the old man. The vast number of farmers have no medical treatment, no medical treatment and no medicine. The Ministry of Health is not the Ministry of Health of the people, but the Ministry of Health of the city or the Ministry of Health of the city, or the Ministry of Health of the city! " Mao Zedong instructed: "The focus of medical and health work should be placed in the countryside!" "Cultivate a large number of doctors who can afford it in rural areas, and they will serve farmers."

　

This passage was later called "June 26 instruction". On September 1 of the same year, People’s Daily published an editorial entitled "Putting the focus of medical and health work in rural areas" on the front page. The word "barefoot doctor" was not mentioned at that time.

　

Shanghai took the lead in piloting. In the summer of 1965, Jiangzhen Commune, Chuansha County, Shanghai began to run a training course. Huang Yuxiang, who graduated from Suzhou Medical College, served as a teacher, teaching medical common sense and simple treatment methods. After studying in a crash course for 4 months, the students returned to the commune as health workers. Wang Guizhen, who was later called "the first barefoot doctor in China", was one of the first students in this training class.

　

Wang and Huang used the method of "combining local culture with foreign culture" to save money for local villagers to see a doctor, and they also had to farm in the fields every day. The name "barefoot doctor" became popular among villagers unconsciously. In 1968, Shanghai Wen Wei Po published a report on Wang and Huang-Looking at the direction of medical education revolution from the growth of "barefoot doctors". This article was subsequently reprinted in full by Red Flag magazine and People’s Daily.

　

Due to the urgent demand for medical resources in rural areas and the political background of the personal instructions of the top leaders in special periods, the "barefoot doctor" system has been rapidly popularized throughout the country. According to the Report of the Ministry of Health on the National Working Conference of Barefoot Doctors at that time, by the end of 1975, the number of "barefoot doctors" in rural areas of China had reached more than 1.5 million, and there were more than 3.9 million health workers and midwives in production teams.

　

"Class composition" and "ideological consciousness" are the primary criteria for selecting barefoot doctors. An article by Xinhua News Agency published in the fifth edition of People’s Daily on June 23, 1969: "Students are recommended by poor lower-middle peasants and approved by the commune revolutionary committee, and the children of poor lower-middle peasants with good composition, high ideological awareness, active labor and certain culture are sent to training classes for study; The living expenses of the students are borne by the brigade. After graduation, they will return to the team to treat the poor and middle peasants. "

　

In 1967, Ma Wenfang, who had finished junior high school, was elected as a "barefoot doctor" by the brigade to study in the commune training class for one year. According to Ma Wenfang’s memory, at that time, it was necessary to learn anatomy, physiology and diagnostics of western medicine, but also to recite Chinese herbal medicines and learn acupuncture. Students did not have textbooks, only one-page materials printed by mimeograph.

　

Being a barefoot doctor is easier to earn more work points than ordinary villagers. According to Ma Wenfang’s memory, there was no salary during the people’s commune period, and they all earned work points. In Ma Wenfang’s brigade, according to the content and quantity of labor, each person can earn at most 10 points per day and at least five or six points, while being a barefoot doctor can be regarded as "full attendance", with 280 points per month, and receiving food from the production team at the end of the month.

　

At that time, cooperative medical care was adopted in rural areas, and the primary medical expenses were co-ordinated by the production brigade. In Ma Wenfang’s brigade, each person pays 10 cents a month, and the rest is the responsibility of the brigade. Thanks to the support of the collective economy, farmers can enjoy the most basic medical care requirements at very little cost. The article "Analysis of the reasons for the success of rural medical cooperation in the period of people’s commune" points out that "the existence of people’s commune system ensures the low-cost operation of rural cooperative medical system. Under the rural cooperative medical system, the rural health website consisting of village health stations, commune health centers and county hospitals covers almost all villages in the country. "

　

Yang Nianqun pointed out that it was not until the establishment of the barefoot doctor system that the instructions of the upper medical administration, such as vaccination, vaccination and distribution of anti-epidemic drugs, were really implemented, and the orders were banned, which was rapid and abnormal.

　

Writer Zhu Yong noticed a very interesting phenomenon. In all contemporary art works, barefoot doctors almost invariably appear as girls. In his book The Fate of Diseases in Revolution: The Saints’ Description of Barefoot Doctors, he wrote that in reality, an old image of Chinese medicine will give patients a sense of trust, but the art is different. The painter subconsciously endowed barefoot doctors with "the function of a goddess in European classical painting", and the barefoot doctors’ interpretation of life in the image of girls came not only from their careers, but also from their bodies themselves.

　

Barefoot doctors became the political stars of that era, not only had the opportunity to participate in the National Day parade, but also became the protagonists in political propaganda films. Wang Guizhen, a barefoot doctor, is the prototype of the leading role in the film "Spring Seedling". In addition to the real medical experience, Tian Chunmiao, the leading role of the film, is also given a "political task". Tian Chunmiao is different from the "doctor in the system" who only cares about cutting-edge topics, regardless of the life and death of poor and middle peasants. She not only cares about the proletariat, but also has a first-class medical service, which cured the waist and leg disease of poor peasant Shui Changbo, thus allowing Shui Changbo to successfully join the struggle with the director of the hospital.

　

Limited medical security

　

"Due to the limited professional medical level of barefoot doctors, the medical problems they can actually solve are limited. It can only be said that under the conditions at that time, barefoot doctors provided a kind of help to the grassroots." Zhang Daqing, director of the Department of Medical History and Philosophy in peking university health science center, analyzed China Newsweek.

　

Ma Wenfang also said that barefoot doctors mainly deal with common diseases such as headache, brain fever and tracheitis. If they encounter diseases that require surgery such as acute appendicitis, they need to be transferred to a higher level hospital as soon as possible. The daily work is to carry a medicine chest to work in the fields, which contains acupuncture needles, common medicines and the "old three", namely stethoscope, sphygmomanometer and thermometer. In summer, when someone gets sunstroke while working in the field, Ma Wenfang immediately goes over to relieve the heat. If someone bumps and scratches, he will go over to disinfect and bandage; When pesticides are used in cotton fields, people are often poisoned by inhaling pesticides. Later, people often commit suicide by drinking pesticides, so barefoot doctors should go to first aid.

　

The book Creation and Reconstruction —— Research on Rural Cooperative Medical System and Barefoot Doctors in Collectivization Period concludes that by the mid-1960s, due to continuous study, practice and training, health care workers (later barefoot doctors) had mastered the treatment of dozens of common diseases, the use of dozens of drugs, acupuncture and simple Chinese herbal medicine knowledge.

　

At that time, drugs were still in short supply and the price was high. Farmers only spend two cents to buy two aspirin when they have a bad cold. If they can’t cure it, they will add a penicillin. Ma Wenfang remembers very clearly that the purchase price of a penicillin is 15.8 cents and the selling price is 18 cents, which is the same price in the whole country.

　

"At that time, everyone earned work points, and everyone did not have the concept of making money." Ma Wenfang explained that the medicine was bought by the Murakami Brigade with money, and the income went to the public. At that time, it was a planned economy, and there was no need to buy more precious antibiotics like penicillin. Each brigade in each village received up to 10 antibiotics per month.

　

Zhang Daqing believes that barefoot doctors have played a positive role in the modernization and popularization of drugs in rural areas. As for the "barefoot doctors aggravated the abuse of antibiotics" mentioned in some studies, Zhang Daqing thought it was a kind of "hindsight". Antibiotics could relieve patients’ pain relatively quickly at that time, but the drug use standard was not popular at that time, so it was not appropriate to delve into it.

　

Under the conditions at that time, few farmers could afford western medicine, and most villagers still relied on "three soil and four self-reliance" to see a doctor, that is, native medicine, earthwork, native medicine, self-collected, self-planted, self-made and self-used Chinese herbal medicines. Ma Wenfang also specially bought a medicine mill to grind herbs into powder, or add water to make pills.

　

According to the report of People’s Daily on February 14th, 1969 on Li Rongyu, a barefoot doctor in Gaowang Brigade of Qibao Commune in Xinhui County, Guangdong Province, Li Rongyu’s Qibao Commune is located in the Pearl River Delta, and there are no mountains nearby, and the commune does not grow Chinese herbal medicines, so he went to the mountainous area dozens of miles away to collect herbs.

　

Zhang Kaining, director of the Health Research Institute of Kunming Medical College, believes that the widespread use of Chinese herbal medicines by barefoot doctors in those years consolidated the rural cooperative medical system. Chinese herbal medicine is easy to obtain, economical and cheap, and has a tradition and habit of using it in rural areas. The use of Chinese herbal medicine not only reduces the economic burden of farmers, but also greatly reduces the expenditure of cooperative medical fund.

　

"At that time, I was courageous, but now I can’t do it. First, the patient refused to eat (the earthwork), and another, it was illegal for doctors to do so." Ma Wenfang recalled that the appearance of barefoot doctors in those years changed the dilemma of lack of medical care and medicine in rural areas. Otherwise, people were ill and had to go home to die, so there were almost no cases of patients bothering doctors or suing doctors at that time, which was also the patient’s trust that barefoot doctors "came in the wind and went in the rain".

　

At that time, the dirt roads in the countryside were rugged and there were no bicycles. Going to the villagers’ homes to see doctors depended on walking. Once Ma Wenfang went out to see someone else, just in time for his wife to give birth at home. When he came back a moment later, his wife and children were gone. Since I think about it, Ma Wenfang still feels very guilty about his family.

　

"Barefoot doctors have a very distinctive class identity. In the screening process, they can only come from the class that is divided into’ poor and middle peasants’ by class composition. Because of his poor background, barefoot doctors are full of moral salvation, with strong love and hate and emotional tendency. Such a feeling also determines the choice of medical objects, which can only be people consistent with their class attributes. Their class attribute also determines that they will have a’ selfless’ character in the treatment process. " Yang Nianqun summed up in "Rebuilding the Patient —— Space Politics under the Conflict between Chinese and Western Medicine".

　

It is precisely because of the class identity of "poor and middle peasants" that barefoot doctors perfectly meet the requirements of "doctors that farmers can afford, use and stay". However, barefoot doctors are different from the image of village doctors or "witch doctors" in the past, and they are positioned and arranged in an institutionalized political atmosphere. Yang Nianqun believes that "under the dual discipline of institutional arrangement and human network, barefoot doctors will naturally strengthen their moral constraints."

　

In 1960s, malaria was prevalent in rural areas, but the villagers generally lacked common sense of epidemic prevention. Ma Wenfang can only send medicines from house to house for consultation and publicize malaria prevention knowledge. When people are not at home, they go to the fields to look for them. More than 360 households in the village run once a day for 7 days in a row. At that time, some villagers felt that they were in good health and were unwilling to take medicine. Barefoot doctors had to "send medicine to their hands, see the mouth, and not swallow it." After completing a course of medication, at intervals, they began to deliver medicines from house to house for two years until malaria was eliminated.

　

During the national patriotic health campaign, barefoot doctors, as the most basic executors of the health security system, also undertook the task of "two management and five reforms". Barefoot doctors should take care of water and feces, change wells, toilets, barns, stoves and the environment, and check from house to house whether they have been disinfected. As long as it is related to medical treatment, hygiene and health care, barefoot doctors have to do it, and there are endless things to do every day.

　

The article Barefoot Doctors and the Medical Pyramid published in the British Medical Journal in 1974 pointed out that as the bottom of the medical pyramid system, barefoot doctors’ semi-peasant and semi-doctor status determines that they can only provide basic and simple medical services and convey health concepts such as "washing hands before meals" to the public. They have played a great role in disease prevention, such as early diagnosis of esophageal cancer in Northeast China and nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Guangdong.

　

"As a product of a specific historical period, barefoot doctors and cooperative medical system are a creation of farmers in China under the condition of lack of health resources and serious unfair distribution." Li Decheng, an associate professor of Jiangxi Normal University, once wrote an article summarizing that barefoot doctors have built the bottom layer of the three-level medical prevention and health care network in rural areas, so that measures such as vaccination, vaccination and distribution of epidemic prevention drugs implemented by higher health administrative departments can be truly implemented.

　

After the disappearance of "barefoot doctor"

　

After 1976, with the end of the political movement, the number of primary health workers, including barefoot doctors, decreased at an average annual rate of 400,000.

　

At that time, the health department began to standardize employees, control the number and quality of barefoot doctors, and eliminated a number of unqualified health personnel through examination and certification. The examination began in 1979. In 1981, the State Council approved the Report of the Ministry of Health on Reasonably Solving the Subsidy of Barefoot Doctors. It was mentioned in the document that "barefoot doctors who pass the examination and are equivalent to the technical secondary school level will be issued with a’ barefoot doctor’ certificate, and in principle they will be given treatment equivalent to the level of private teachers. For barefoot doctors who can’t reach the level of technical secondary school temporarily, it is necessary to strengthen training, and their remuneration, in addition to recording workers, should also be given appropriate subsidies according to local actual conditions. "

　

After the disintegration of the people’s commune, with the disintegration of the collective economic foundation, the rural cooperative medical system and the barefoot doctor system further lost their organizational support and economic support. By 1983, the number of barefoot doctors in China had dropped to more than 1.2 million.

　

On January 24th, 1985, Chen Minzhang, the former Minister of Health, pointed out in his speech at the National Conference of Health Directors that "the name’ barefoot doctor’ was put forward by Zhang Chunqiao and others in an article in the early days of the Cultural Revolution, and then it was widely used in various places. The meaning of this name is not exact either. Now we have decided not to use this name. In the future, anyone who has reached the level of a healer after examination is called a rural doctor; Those who fail to reach the level of healers are renamed as health workers. "

　

The next day, People’s Daily published the article "Stop using the name of" barefoot doctors "and consolidate the development of rural doctors", and the era of "barefoot doctors" ended here. Barefoot doctors retired and changed careers. Some left the public system to open clinics at home, while others contracted the original commune health centers, taking responsibility for their own profits and losses, and continued to practice medicine in the name of "barefoot doctors".

　

After the transformation, barefoot doctors have improved their professional level through retraining, further study and self-study. Coupled with the villagers’ original trust in barefoot doctors, village doctors were still very popular in the 1990s, when Ma Wenfang saw more than 150 patients a day. From "recording work points" to "self-financing", the village clinic still has a part of income. Ma Wenfang keeps enough income for his family to eat and drink, and the rest is fed back to the villagers to take medicines and give free vaccinations to children who can’t afford vaccines. In Ma Wenfang’s impression, in the late 1980s and early 1990s, rural doctors briefly experienced a "golden age".

　

　

Soon, by the mid-1990s, the eastern region developed rapidly, attracting a large number of farmers to go out to work. Village clinics have backward hardware, insufficient manpower and old doctors, which are in sharp contrast with big hospitals. With the increase of people’s income, villagers have gradually formed the consciousness of "going to big hospitals when they are sick". The survival of village doctors began to become difficult.

　

In fact, the transformation dilemma of rural primary health care system appeared after the collapse of the "barefoot doctor" system. Although the primary health workers in rural areas were still "barefoot doctors" in the past, they lost the original system guarantee and economic support and made a living in the market economy environment driven by interests. Obviously, they could no longer undertake the functions of epidemic prevention supervision of "barefoot doctors", and the rural primary health network could no longer operate effectively after entering the 1980s.

　

"The disintegration of the cooperative medical system and the transformation of the role of’ barefoot doctors’ have led to the plight of rural primary health care and the loss of basic medical security for farmers." Zhang Daqing said that in 2003, the China municipal government put forward the plan of establishing a new rural cooperative medical system and promulgated the Regulations on the Management of Rural Doctors’ Practice, so as to rebuild the rural primary health care service system. However, there are still many disharmonies between the new rural cooperative medical system and the medical services of rural doctors, and the service system that adapts to the medical consumption level and level of the new rural cooperative medical system needs to be improved.

　

"The current rural primary medical problems cannot be solved by simply restoring the original barefoot doctor system." Zhang Daqing pointed out that with the development of social economy, people’s demand for the quality of health care has also increased rapidly, and their awareness of health and financial investment in maintaining health have increased. It is understandable to pursue better medical services. The state can only guide graded diagnosis and treatment from the system design. More crucially, the system design of rural primary health service system should be clear about its functions and responsibilities.

　

After being elected as a deputy to the National People’s Congress in 2008, Ma Wenfang began to investigate the basic medical care in rural areas and the practice of village doctors. He visited more than 300 villages in 38 prefecture-level cities in 7 provinces including Henan, Shandong and Hunan, and found that the phenomenon of hollow villages is becoming more and more common, and the treatment of village doctors is low. Some villages even have no village doctors, and the level of basic health services in rural areas is worrying. "Grass-roots work needs specific people to do, and village doctors subsidize more than 1,000 pieces a month. Now in this era, who is willing to do it and who will take over in the future? What about basic medical care and public health in rural areas? " Ma Wenfang said with concern.

On February 10, 2025, BYD officially released the national smart driving strategy in Shenzhen, jointly opening a new era of smart driving, and committed to creating a new business card for new energy. The plan takes technological innovation as the vision, upholds the intelligent strategy, and officially launches the "National Intelligent Driving Strategy". Wang Chuanfu, Chairman and President of BYD Group, announced that all models will be equipped with advanced intelligent driving technology, making it possible for all people to drive intelligently, which marks BYD’s breakthrough in intelligent driving and intelligent entry into a new era of new energy.

"Eye of God" intelligent driving system leads innovation

In terms of intelligent driving, BYD has launched three versions based on the latest advanced intelligent driving system "Eye of God": the basic version is called "Eye of God C", the single laser version is called "Eye of God B" and the three laser versions are called "Eye of God A". These three technologies are in the leading position in the industry, bringing remarkable innovation. For example, Eye of God C will be first applied to seagulls on February 10th, 2025. It is equipped with the latest chip, has automatic parking function, and is the most advanced in its class. The collision avoidance speed of AEB is also increased to 100 km/h.. Eye of God B will improve driving safety, and will first release the lane keeping auxiliary function. Eye of God A will be the first to realize the application of urban roads, which will be launched before the end of the year, and based on the world’s first "Eye of God A", a new driving experience will be realized. In the specific technical scheme, BYD’s scheme further enhances the vehicle’s perception ability, making intelligent driving and intelligent parking more reliable and efficient. Through this scheme, BYD not only improves the safety of vehicles, but also brings users a more convenient driving experience. Whether driving at high speed or parking in the city, it can provide all-round support to ensure that every trip is safe and worry-free.

BYD accelerates the process of intelligent driving era.

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Globalization strategy shows the charm of China’s intellectual creation

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Guided by the national intelligent driving strategy, BYD is accelerating the arrival of the intelligent driving era in an all-round way with the "Eye of the Gods" advanced intelligent driving system. With the two-wheel drive of technological innovation and intelligent strategy, BYD not only reshaped the driving experience, but also showed the infinite possibilities and outstanding strength in the new energy field to the whole world in the name of China Zhizao.

Special feature of 1905 film network On November 10th, the latest version was released in domestic cinemas, but this time it was released simultaneously around the world. Domestic audiences can watch this star-studded annual masterpiece at the same time as foreign audiences.

As the representative work of agatha christie, the Orient Express has been remake for the fifth time.

Because the ending is well known, even the poster in this edition is spoiled by itself.

This time, the director and the actor of "Poirot", but the prince of British drama and the successor of laurence olivier, represent the peak of Shakespeare’s performance — — Sir kenneth branagh.　

　

Blana was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II five years ago, so now he should be addressed as Sir.

Blana not only choreographed, directed and acted well on the stage, but also participated in the production of many films. He directed and recently starred in Nolan’s.

In addition to the detective Poirot, the twelve passengers on the new version of Orient Train are also undiscovered talent.The most eye-catching is "Captain Jack"Johnny DeppHe plays the villain in the film. In addition, there are Spanish beauties.Penélope Cruz Sánchez Daisy Ridley, the new heroine of "Star Wars" series, is a professional villain.Willem Dafoe, and the old British play bones.Judi DenchandDerek JacobiWait a minute. It is said that the actors included a total of 76 performance awards.

The Birth of Murder on the Orient Express

The Orient Express has been remake so many times because of its unique charm. It can be called a model of "perfect murder", and the mode of collective crime created by it can be said to be unprecedented in the history of world detective novels.Of course, this story is not made up out of thin air. It all comes from Agatha’s long trip.

　

Agatha in her youth

In 1928, Agatha, who ended her first marriage, sent her daughter to boarding school and bought a boat ticket to Jamaica alone, hoping to go to the West Indies for fun. At the dinner before departure, she got to know Commander Hao and his wife, who had just returned from Baghdad. At their suggestion, Agatha decided to switch to Baghdad and changed her ticket to the Orient Express. This is her first trip alone, and she was trapped in Turkey for six days because of the snowstorm.

The second reason is the sensational Lindbergh kidnapping case in the United States.In 1932, the one-year-old son of flight colonel Lindbergh was kidnapped and blackmailed for $50,000. However, after Lindbergh paid the ransom, the kidnapper brutally tore the ticket.

　

Lindbergh’s one-year-old son

The police suspected that there was a mole in Lindbergh’s house and investigated all the servants. British maids and German gardeners became the main suspects. Under the great pressure of public opinion, both of them chose to commit suicide to clear their suspicions. Two years later, the police arrested hauptmann, a carpenter in new york, and found a large number of gold coupons suspected of ransom in his home. Although hauptmann refused to plead guilty during the trial, he was finally sent to the electric chair.

　

Hauptmann, a kidnapper identified by the police.

Therefore, Agatha used the reaction of all kinds of passengers when she was stranded on the Orient Express, combined with the kidnapping case of Lindbergh, and created the revenge story of twelve "jury members" seeking justice.

Become agatha christie.

So, how did Agatha become the world-famous "queen of detective stories"? In fact, her life is more exciting than her novels, and she even staged a real version. It all started with her first marriage.

Agatha, 22, met handsome but not rich archibald Christie at a dance, and married Archie despite the opposition of her family.

　

Agatha and Archie

After the outbreak of World War I, Archie enlisted as a pilot, and Agatha followed him as a volunteer nurse. She worked in the pharmacy room, dealing with all kinds of drugs, and gradually became a poison expert. This laid the foundation for 83 poisoning cases in her novels later. In the boring work in the pharmacy room, Agatha began to conceive her first detective novel, which was inspired by a Belgian neighbor who fled the war. The great detective Hercule Poirot and his first mysterious affair at styles were born.

　

After the war, Agatha resumed writing detective novels to supplement her family. Her sixth novel, The Mystery of Roger, became a best-selling novel at that time, and the couple finally lived a spare life with a house and a car. But it is easy to share weal and woe with wealth, and the happy days did not last long.

In the same year, Agatha’s mother died, but Archie didn’t give her any comfort because he fell in love with a beautiful young girl, Nancy Nelly. Archie confessed to Agatha and filed for divorce.

At 10 o’clock in the middle of the night on December 3, 1926, Agatha drove out of the door alone. The next morning, people found her car by the lake, and Agatha disappeared!

　

The newspaper of the year

The news of the disappearance of female detective novelists quickly occupied the headlines of major newspapers and even spread to the United States. The police suspected Archie of killing his wife and kept him under close surveillance.

Eleven days later, Agatha, who called herself Mrs. Nelly (please note this surname), was recognized in a hotel two miles from the missing place. When Archie took her home, she looked confused as if she didn’t know her husband at all. Later, the husband and wife announced that Agatha suffered from fragmented memory loss.

　

The newspaper of the year

The accident made Agatha famous. Because of the public’s curiosity about her, her books were sold out of stock. In the following decades, Agatha kept the disappearance a secret and said nothing. Until the end of 1990s, Agatha’s friend Nan’s daughter claimed that her mother Nan and Agatha had planned the whole "script" in order to punish her unfaithful husband. Unexpectedly, it caused an uproar.

This missing drama is exactly the same as the movie Gone Girl.

Agatha divorced Archie two years later, but because of the copyright problem of the novel, she couldn’t change her maiden name, so she had to continue to use her ex-husband’s surname — — Christie.

The story didn’t end, and Agatha finally found her own happiness. Because of the trip to Baghdad mentioned above, Agatha and the archaeologist Wu and his wife became good friends, and through them they met Max Mallowan, 25. Later, she married the archaeologist who was 13 years younger than herself.

　

Max and Agatha

Since then, Max has been accompanied by Agatha on every archaeological trip. These trips inspired the birth of many of her exotic works, including Tragedy on the Nile, appointment with death, Murder in Mesopotamia and They Came to Baghdad and so on.

In her later years, someone asked Agatha if it would be okay to marry a husband so much younger than herself. She said the classic famous saying: "The older I get, the more interesting he will find me." Their love lasted for 45 years until Agatha died peacefully in Max’s arms on January 12, 1976.

Agatha’s routine

Three great masters of world mystery novels

Agatha, arthur conan doyle and Seicho Matsumoto are also called the three great masters of mystery novels in the world. Sir Conan Doyle established the basic model of detective novels and the basic deductive method, while Seicho Matsumoto initiated the social school of mystery novels.Agatha’s greatest contribution is to create the "country villa school", a school of reasoning, and push the "golden age" of detective novels to a peak.

　

The "golden age" of detective stories refers to the emergence of a large number of classical detective writers between the two world wars, except ellery queen and John Dixon Carr, who are also known as the "three masters of the golden age" with Agatha, as well as G.K. chesterton, Dorothy sayers, Margaret allingham and so on. Mysterious affair at styles, the debut of the great detective Poirot, is regarded as the beginning of the golden age.

　

　"Country House School" is a school of reasoning, also known as exclusive case solving.Seemingly calm English countryside or villa mansion, in an almost closed classical environment, a group of people gather together, including nobles, officers, lawyers, doctors, priests and so on. A high-ranking aristocrat is often at the core of various relationships, and he or she may be violent and hated by everyone. Suddenly, he (she) was killed, probably by poison, and everyone around him had criminal motive and suspicion. The incompetent police will consider this case a mystery, and our detective Poirot or Miss Ma Puer will silently observe everyone’s every move. In order to cover up his identity, murderers often kill several more people. Finally, our dear detective solved the mystery, and the murderer must be the most unlikely person. He (she) may be for money, affection, status, or to cover up the secret decades ago.

　

The above reasoning mode is further extreme, and Agatha’s classic has evolved."Blizzard Villa Mode", also known as "Island Mode"A group of people gathered in a mountain villa and were cut off from the outside world because of a snowstorm. Suddenly, one member was killed strangely, and the rest became suspects. Then, in the process of detecting the case, the suspects will die one after another. This model originated from Agatha’s no one lives, and later had a far-reaching impact on the film industry, and even developed an important type of horror film. Kill array in another dimension, cabin in the Woods and other films all use the "blizzard villa model".

In recent years, the fire variety Star Detective is also based on this model.

Because they are too stereotyped, the focus of classical detective novels is to find out who did it, so they are also nicknamed whodunit. However, there is a reason for the formation of such a pattern. The golden age writer represented by Agatha pursues"Ten commandments of mystery novels"They think that detective stories are an intellectual game between writers and readers, just like the popular killing games and werewolf killing. In their mystery novels, there is not much truth, violence and sociality in murder, and all suspects, including murderers, are polite, reflecting the elegance of classical literature. The murderer will be brought to justice, and society will finally regain its balance. So this reasoning is called "Cozy".

Therefore, in this mode, writers focus more on creation."perfect murder"And Agatha’s contribution is that while maintaining the basic pattern, she also challenges the rules. For example, in Murder on the Orient Express, no one stipulates that the murderer can only be one person. Why can’t it be a group of people? Besides, she is very good at confusing readers with narrative tricks. For example, in Roger’s Mystery and The Mouse Trap, the criminal may be the narrator or the detective himself, which breaks the first and sixth commandments of the Ten Commandments of Mystery Novels.

Agatha’s legacy

Agatha is regarded as the best-selling writer in human history. She has written 68 novels, more than 100 short stories, 17 plays, 6 emotional novels published under the pseudonym Mary West mccourt, 1 autobiography and 2 poems. Her books have been translated into more than 103 different languages, with a total sales of more than 2 billion copies, second only to the Bible and Shakespeare. French President Charles de Gaulle and Queen Elizabeth II are her fans.

Agatha has so many works, which one should I start reading? Japanese critics scored all his works and got ten most recommended works:

1. heavy curtain

2. Poirot: Five Little Pigs

3. Marple: Endless Night

4. A Pocket Full of Rye

5. Xingfu mask

6. Poirot: Evil Under The Sun

7. The Mirror Crack’d From Side to Side

8. The Passing of Mr. Quin

9. Poirot: Appointment with Death

10. password

Agatha’s works are also deeply loved by the film and television circles and have been adapted for more than 180 times.

Among them, the classic ones areBilly WilderDirector,Marlene DietrichStarring

In 1980s, three important Agatha films were introduced into China, and they met the audience in China in the form of translated films, which caused an Agatha fever at that time.

　

Peter UstinovVersion of Poirot, and "The Massacre on the Nile" andEvil Under the Sun.

The last film is the most classic version of Murder on the Orient Express, which was directed by sidney lumet in 1974. Ingrid bergman, who was 60 years old, won the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress for her five-minute long shot in which Poirot interrogated her.

　

In addition to Bergman, there is also the veteran 007 in the film.Sean ConneryandInAnthony Perkins

Finney Poirot

Agatha, who was still alive, attended the film premiere for the first time, and praised Finney for performing her Poirot, although she was still not satisfied with Finney’s beard.

If you want to experience the most authentic Agatha, you can also watch the English drama versions of Detective Poirot and Detective Marple produced by itv. These two series are 4-5 episodes each season, and each episode is 90 minutes independent.

British drama version of Poirot.

The Great Detective Poirot began to be serialized in 1989, and the last episode of the thirteenth season of 2013, Curtain: The Last Case of Poirot, ended with Poirot’s death. david suchet, the leading actor, has always been regarded as the best Poirot actor. He always wears a neat suit, has two signature moustaches, takes off his hat at the sight of people and says "Merci beaucoup, Mademoiselle" in French with Belgian accent (thank you, Miss).

　

The Detective Story of Miss Marple has been serialized since 2004, and the last season is the sixth season released in 2013.

　

Two-term Miss Ma Puer

In the first three seasons, Geraldine Mcewan should be the most vivid Miss Ma Puer, showing this thin and even a little rickety, inquisitive and rambling little old lady vividly. In the last three seasons, Miss Ma Puer was played by Julia McKenzie. Although she was more kind, she was less verbose and nosy.

In recent years, Britain has also produced mini-dramas of no one lives and the prosecution witness, while Japan has produced mini-dramas of Murder on the Orient Express and no one lives, but both of them are relatively ordinary. In the future, Ben Affleck’s "Witness for the Prosecution" (2019) and the American drama version "Miss Marple’s Detective Case" (2020) developed by CBS are under preparation.

In order to see the best Agatha, there is another choice besides the original and the English drama version, that is, the stage play.

In 1946, Agatha wrote a radio play "Three Blind Mice" for the 80th birthday of Queen Mary, England, which was later adapted into a stage play "Mouse Trap", which is still performed in West End of London. Together with "Woman in Black" and "House of Sin", Agatha is called the three famous plays in West End of London.

Stills of the previous stage play no one lives.

Because Agatha’s works have not passed the copyright protection period, the publishing, remake and moving of her works all need authorization. The copyright of Agatha’s plays in China is mainly in the hands of Shanghai Mousetrap Drama Studio. They cooperated with Shanghai Drama Art Center to rehearse plays such as no one lives, Mousetrap and Unexpected Visitors, which are staged in Shanghai all the year round and will also tour Beijing every year.

Friends who can’t see the stage play, let’s come to the cinema to take the luxury train Orient Express, and feel the classical atmosphere of Agatha and the elegant reasoning of the detective Poirot together with a group of acting big coffees. We will leave on November 10th and be there.