Text | Financial Stories, Author | Original, Editor | Wan Tiannan

Faced with the fierce involution in the workplace, people who are tired or deliberately escape, many people in the workplace who are over 30 or 35 years old are looking forward to passing the postgraduate entrance examination, accumulating new abilities, finding new springboard and stepping into a new track.

However, these older postgraduate students soon discovered that they had fallen into another extreme involution sinkhole.

In recent years, the number of postgraduate students has been rising continuously, from 1.65 million in 2015 to 4.74 million in 2023. Although it fell back to 4.38 million in 2024, the nature of involution does not seem to have changed.

What’s more, the admission rate of graduate students in 2024 is only about 20%, which means that 8 out of every 10 people are facing falling out of the list.

The 33-year-old Wen Dao is one of them.

Previously, she went around in the media industry and public relations companies. "It’s all sunset industries." She couldn’t see a way out. In the second half of 2023, naked resignation was chosen as the literary knife with tiredness, and she took a full-time postgraduate entrance examination. In order to prepare for this year’s graduate interview, I even flew from Shandong to Shenzhen, and finally I regretted falling out of the list by one point.

After some tossing, Wen Dao, who was out of work and shy, was forced to go back. "I have joined a new media company now, and my income is very small. Let’s make do with it first."

As for whether or not to take the postgraduate entrance examination in World War II, Wen Dao, who just failed once, is a bit drumming. "Save some money first, and let’s talk about it after half a year."

Today, we aim at the older postgraduate students. Why do they want to take the postgraduate entrance examination in reverse? What problems did you encounter during the preparation? How to guarantee the source of life? Is it worth all the efforts to bet on this silent postgraduate entrance examination gambling game?

"I found that I never reconciled with my 18-year-old self."

Si Nian’s academic performance was excellent since childhood, but unfortunately, the college entrance examination was out of order and she missed out on Peking University.

The college entrance examination every year is the saddest day for Si Nian.

It’s like a scabbed wound that will be uncovered again and again every year, and it hurts every time.

It happened that she had just returned to her hometown from naked resignation, and the continuous staying up late and working overtime made her unable to endure.

After a sudden break, Si Niannian had a comfortable life for a few days, but soon, she felt confused, lost her sense of control over time, and was tired and weak. She spent every day watching movies and brushing Weibo’s little red book.

One day, she suddenly brushed the movie "The Spice Girl at the Bottom" and rekindled her enthusiasm for the postgraduate entrance examination.

She wants to restart her life, regain control of time and make up for her 18-year-old regret.

For jing xing, a full-time nanny, the postgraduate entrance examination is a protest and a cry for boring life.

Jing xing was born in the financial circle. After giving birth to a baby, she chose to return to her family, and her life revolved around her children and her husband. There is less and less communication with her husband, and she is gradually out of touch with society.

Her life is filled with tea, rice, oil, salt and baby’s shit. What I care about is no longer the valuation of the industry track company, but the big promotion of diapers and eggs in supermarkets today.

Every time when her husband talks about a social hotspot with great interest, she can’t talk about any other views except nodding her head.

This is completely different from her previous speech in the debate field and her courage in the workplace.

She was inexplicably afraid and suffered from postpartum anxiety.

She hopes to rediscover her radiant self through the postgraduate entrance examination.

Ma Fei has always lived a step-by-step life. Ordinary looks, read two ordinary books, found an ordinary administrative job, and life has been so ordinary that it seems to be endless.

So the 30-year-old Ma Fei decided to rebel, and GAP spent a whole year trying to experience a more exciting life. Hiking in Tibet, bungee jumping abroad, eating frozen pears in Erbin, and having a barbecue in Zibo … …

Life is wonderful. However, when I want to return to the workplace, I find that my resume is basically "unreadable", and the only interview is still unreliable sales, with a basic salary of only 1300.

"As long as the GAP has passed in China, looking for a job seems to be sentenced to death." Ma Fei is helpless, but she wants to cry about the cruel reality.

Postgraduate entrance examination seems to be her best solution.

Almost ten years after graduation, Si Nian completely forgot the relevant contents of professional courses. "Now you ask me to define news, and I can’t say a few words."

Everything has to start all over again.

Even, physical fitness and memory are not as good as before.

I miss the occupational disease of working overtime before. If I sit for a long time, my back hurts and my cervical vertebra hurts.

Originally, I wanted to explain and copy 400 terms of communication science first, at least to make my face familiar. Unexpectedly, after writing more than 1000 words, my hands hurt. When I was a child, the cocoon grinded by homework turned slightly red again, and I felt new vitality.

Si Niannian couldn’t help but vomit with his family. "I’m wasting my time before I get started."

The 30-year-old old waist can’t support sitting for a long time, so Si Niannian can only adjust his study plan and set tomato time for 45 minutes and rest for 20 minutes like a middle school classroom. Every time you learn a tomato clock, you have to lie in bed for a while, otherwise your waist can’t stand it.

Compared with physical fatigue, Liu Jiahua has to bear more silent pressure from her parents.

"My parents didn’t stop me from taking the postgraduate entrance examination on the surface, but I know they think I’m irrational. "Liu Jiahua is very helpless. After all, in the eyes of parents who have always been traditional, having a stable job, getting married and having children early is the right way in the world.

They will silently forward to Liu Jiahua the news of the registration of the local county business, or insinuate that the cousin of XX’s relatives is married.

Liu Jiahua usually smiles and perfunctory in the past, or turns a blind eye and buries his head in endorsement.

Kobayashi’s problems are even more daunting. He originally chose a last-rate 985 because he valued the number of people admitted to the school. As a result, he encountered a shrinking move. He originally admitted 100 people, and now only 45 are left.

Half of the people who were cut off alive also directly cut off more than half of Kobayashi’s enthusiasm.

What makes Kobayashi even more mad is not only shrinking the strokes, but also changing two reference books, which is equivalent to all previous efforts being burned.

Kobayashi silently placed an order for two other books while saying that "the sky will drop to the people of Sri Lanka, and they must first suffer their minds and work hard."

When I encounter problems before the exam, I am very anxious. For example, Shi Jing almost gave up when she signed up, because the admission ticket failed to be certified.

At present, most provinces confirm online, and it is necessary to submit the photo of ID card and my ID card. It is reasonable to say that there is no big problem, but it is just the photo on the university diploma that year.

"Who can look the same as 10 years ago?" Shi Jing is going crazy. When she just graduated, she only weighed 105 kg, and now she is a fat man of 160 kg. The original oval face has also become a double chin, and the eyes have been squeezed into a crack by meat.

Originally, Shi Jing specially painted a light makeup to take a photo of the hippocampus. In order to have a beautiful photo during the future graduate school, I didn’t expect the audit to fail.

Shi Jing is anxious to find a solution online, and some friends share their successful experiences — — No beauty, no makeup. It is best to shoot with the front camera of the mobile phone. The uglier it is, the higher the pass rate is. More and more people verify that this is an effective method, but Shi Jing takes photos and uploads them again and again, and the verification fails again and again.

After the 12th failure, Shi Jing couldn’t help calling the Shanghai Admissions Office, and said bluntly that she was 60 Jin taller than ten years ago. The teacher of the Admissions Office is also very helpless, because the photos of previous students must be intelligently compared by AI before they can pass the next manual review. But now Shi Jing is stuck in the first level.

"AI recognition, however, you can use AI synthesis. Defeat magic with magic. " At the reminder of a friend, Shi Jing used AI photo studio to generate his own "AI ID photo". The steps are very simple. As long as you upload more than a dozen photos that you just graduated from college and add a few recent photos, the AI applet will be automatically generated.

Looking at this AI photo that is "both like and not like myself", Shi Jing uploaded the postgraduate registration confirmation with the mentality of giving it a try.

"Certification is successful. The photo of the admission ticket was uploaded successfully. "Shi Jing breathed a sigh of relief, but then he was worried about what to do if he was stopped outside the examination room on the day of the postgraduate entrance examination.

Shi Jing compared his current photo, ID photo and admission ticket photo with AI. As a result, the similarity between the current photo and ID photo is 85%, and the similarity between ID photo and admission ticket photo is 85%. The similarity between myself and the admission ticket photo is only 70%.

To this end, Shi Jing deliberately brought his diploma with him on the day of the exam, prepared an explanation in advance, and wanted to prepare in advance to prevent being stuck.

On the day of the postgraduate entrance examination, when entering the security check, Shi Jing will specifically explain that he has gained weight. Fortunately, there was no danger. Although the photo similarity between myself and the admission ticket is not very high, the invigilator is allowed to enter the exam after comparing himself with the ID card, ID card and admission ticket respectively.

A realistic problem that must be faced in the postgraduate entrance examination for older people is money. Although I return to my study role, I still have to live. Rent, meals, daily necessities, review materials, and even remedial classes and study rooms … … Daily expenses are inevitable, so where does the money come from?

Wu Kaiyuan believes that even if she prepares for the postgraduate entrance examination, she can’t break the source of income, so she chose to prepare for the exam on the job. Therefore, in addition to the study time from work to home at 8: 00 to 11: 00 every night, she can only seize all the time to "learn". She imported the electronic version of professional course notes into WeChat reading, and then used the commuting time to "listen to books". In the company, when holding some boring meetings, I recite dozens of words in the air.

Si Niannian became a "full-time daughter" with peace of mind, eating and living at home. After deciding to take the postgraduate entrance examination, she had a good communication with her parents, and wanted to fight again while she still had momentum. Si Nian grew up in a democratic family, and her decision was supported by the whole family.

At the age of 30, I was at home, and I was embarrassed to miss it. I told my parents that I could cook. But this cooking is really hard to compliment, so I took on the job of washing dishes for every meal. When I was a child, Si Nian hated washing dishes, but now she washes them clean every time.

Trading labor for rent, Si Nian is comforting himself.

It is also a full-time preparation at home. Xiao Wang, who has always had a good face, is really hard to ask his parents for money.

Therefore, she chose to set up a stall in the night market. Starting from 1688 and Pinduoduo, some cheap and beautiful trinkets can be put on display for 2 hours every night, and when they are good, they can earn more than 100 yuan. Although they can’t compare with their monthly income of over 10,000 yuan before their resignation, the money for buying some daily necessities and studying materials is enough.

He Lingwei chose to go back to his grandmother’s house in the countryside to prepare for the exam. There was no social interaction and no way to order takeout, so the cost of living was lower. Therefore, the cost is basically to consider some expenses of information, and she is adhering to, "Resolutely not to report to class, and resolutely not to spend money.

As soon as her economic account book for postgraduate entrance examination was spread out, in addition to the registration fee of 200 yuan, she only bought two English real questions over the years and 30 yuan online class videos.

Unlike He Lingwei, Yang Ya saved 100,000 yuan in hand a few years before work, although she was also preparing for the exam.

This time, he was determined to take the postgraduate entrance examination, so he spent 15,000 yuan to enroll in a one-to-one guaranteed remedial class. Yang Ya thinks the money is well spent, at least there are professional people to give you guidance, so you don’t have to waste time without direction like a headless fly.

Ma Fei also has an extra expense, that is, he has packed a study room for postgraduate entrance examination near his home, which is 1800 yuan a month.

Because studying at home is too tempting, self-control is really a problem. The desk is close to the bed, so it is easy to learn to lie on the bed.

But in the study room, Ma Fei can at least concentrate on reading. After all, he spent real money and was more motivated to study.

On the day before his 30th birthday, Xiaoyu received a notice of Tsinghua’s proposed admission.

She wrote emotionally,

"The 18-year-old wind has crossed many hills and finally arrived today. I am still the best age. To youth, and to the courage to restart. "

And a few years ago, Huang Xuan, who came from the same small county with her, also made the decision to take the postgraduate entrance examination at an older age. 31-year-old postgraduate entrance examination, 33-year-old graduate admitted to Beijing university career editor.

In her view, there is no road to life in vain. If she didn’t have the courage to decide to take the postgraduate entrance examination at that time, she wouldn’t have the opportunity to see a wider world and start a different life.

Of course, not everyone will land successfully.

However, everyone went to the shore of life.

Liu Jiahua, 30, met her husband in the postgraduate remedial class and started a sister-in-law relationship with a difference of 6 years.

Although the postgraduate entrance examination was not successful, but the three views are consistent, the two people who are in love with each other entered the wedding hall. In a year, Liu Jiahua unlocked the multiple roles of wife and mother.

What is even happier is that Liu Jiahua’s parents, who were still angry about their daughter’s willfulness to take the postgraduate entrance examination but refused to date each other a year ago, now smile from ear to ear with their little grandson every day.

Although she became a mother, Liu Jiahua still put her feelings first. "I have never regretted going to the postgraduate entrance examination. Maybe one day I will re-prepare for the exam."

And Ma Fei, the one who said he could only learn in the study room. She didn’t go ashore, but she opened a study room called "Going ashore".

"I this person, still like sth over and over again. I think my study room is full every day. When I think about it, it can be done. "

Ma Fei is an activist, and he started to do it. He set up a 150-square-meter house in the community, and after simple arrangement, he let it out. Business is very hot, and I don’t say anything in a month, but I also earned a small 20 thousand.

No, in less than a year, Ma Fei has turned from an "older job-hunting dog" who can’t find a job to a small boss. It is said that he is going to open a second store next month.

And Si Nian is ready for World War II. It is a pity that she was only 1 point lower than the admission line of Peking University in World War I..

"That’s Peking University, isn’t it worth fighting for again?"

And what is gratifying is that during the preparation period, Si Niannian has been recording his postgraduate course and review methods on social platforms. In a year, I have unconsciously increased more than 10,000 fans.

Today, the status of "postgraduate blogger" allows her to earn two or three thousand yuan in advertising revenue every month.

This made her prepare for the full-time exam without "worries", and she also had to rush for her dream of Peking University.

Is it worthwhile to take the postgraduate entrance examination?

This is a matter of opinion.

Simply calculating the economic account, it seems that it is not so cost-effective to go to graduate school at an older age.

A fresh doctoral student of Top3 University in 2023 regretted studying for a few more years. "I graduated as a doctor this year, and I got the highest Offer, so I got an annual salary of 600,000. Look at the undergraduate students who worked a few years earlier than me. Now it is not uncommon to have an annual salary of one million, and I am envious of it." He complained to Caijing Story. "I can study for a doctorate if I want to take the academic road, but the cruel thing is that I can finish my doctorate.

For mr. six in the workplace, full-time graduate study also means the interruption of the workplace.

What’s more, many 985 colleges and universities, especially those in first-and second-tier cities, no longer provide dormitories for master students, which undoubtedly increases the economic pressure of studying.

According to the market price, the extra rent of two or three thousand yuan per month will be a big expense in three years, and the total cost of graduate school may soar to 200 thousand.

Let’s look at the trend of graduate education. In recent years, the number of postgraduate candidates has been rising continuously, and the admission ratio of master students is also increasing year by year. In 2010, the enrollment ratio of master degree to master degree was 3:1, and in 2023, the number of applicants for master degree exceeded 60%. Even in top universities like Tsinghua University, the ratio of master degree to master degree has reached 74% and 26%. This undoubtedly shows that the special master education is increasingly valued.

Back to the reality of the workplace, for many majors, a bachelor’s degree plus three years of work experience may be more competitive in the workplace than a graduate student who just graduated.

For the older professionals who are trying to get rid of the 35-year-old middle-aged crisis through graduate school, "I will be 40 years old soon after graduate school, let alone find a job", which is also the concern of Wendao.

However, there is never a standard answer in life, just like the group of older postgraduate students who go against the current, listening to 10000 kinds of voices, but they can only go their own way after all. (The names in this article are all pseudonyms)

　　The picture shows the environmental monitoring law enforcement personnel checking the operation of enterprise pollution prevention facilities on the spot.

　　□ Our reporter Ding Guofeng

　　□ This newspaper trainee reporter Luo Shasha Wen/map

　　At present, in Jiangsu, the environmental credit rating is related to the enterprise’s EIA approval, credit financing, water price and electricity price … … For nearly 30 thousand key pollution source enterprises in the province, "environmental credit" is becoming more and more important, and it can be turned into "real money".

　　Once it gets a "bad review" in the environmental credit rating, enterprises will face a situation that is not conducive to development, such as sewage treatment fees and electricity price increases, and restrictions on loans. Under what circumstances will enterprises be subject to sewage treatment fees and electricity price increases? How long will it last? To this end, the "Legal Daily" reporter recently embarked on a journey of solving puzzles with this series of questions.

　　"Differentiation" makes emission reduction more effective

　　As early as 2009, Nantong, Jiangsu Province began to explore the implementation of differentiated sewage treatment fee policy.

　　"Green enterprises that achieve zero emissions through reclaimed water reuse are exempt from sewage treatment fees; For enterprises with red and black environmental credit ratings, 0.6 yuan and 1 yuan sewage treatment fees will be added per ton on the basis of the existing sewage treatment fees. " Liu Huajun, director of the Regulations Department of Nantong Environmental Protection Bureau, told the reporter of Legal Daily.

　　"Since the next month after the environmental protection department announced the rating results of corporate environmental behavior in the previous year, ‘ Red ’ ‘ Black ’ Grade enterprises began to implement differentiated sewage treatment fees and pay additional fees for a period of one year. When the execution unit pays the surcharge for one year, the environmental behavior rating of the enterprise reaches ‘ Yellow ’ ‘ Blue ’ Or ‘ Green ’ Level, you can stop execution. " Liu Huajun added.

　　The reporter learned that at present, many districts and cities such as Nanjing, Wuxi and Nantong have implemented differentiated sewage treatment fee policies. The charging standard of sewage treatment fee for enterprises rated as "red" is not less than 0.6 yuan/m3, and the charging standard of sewage treatment fee for enterprises rated as "black" and rated as "red" for more than two consecutive times is not less than 1 yuan/m3.

　　"In addition to the implementation of the differentiated sewage treatment fee policy, we have also tried out the differentiated electricity price policy. The electricity price is charged by the provincial power grid enterprises according to the provincial price and the list of enterprises and electricity price standards announced by the competent authorities of the industry, according to the copied electricity." The relevant person in charge of the Regulations Department of Jiangsu Provincial Environmental Protection Department said.

　　"How is the specific electricity bill calculated?" The reporter asked.

　　"Take Nantong as an example. Enterprises with red and black environmental credit ratings will add 0.05 yuan and 0.1 yuan electricity fee to the existing electricity fee." The person in charge told the reporter.

　　According to statistics, since 2017, Jiangsu has charged 110 million yuan for differential electricity prices for "red and black enterprises".

　　Constructing environmental protection credit evaluation system

　　In 2013, the Environmental Protection Department of Jiangsu Province took the lead in formulating and promulgating the Evaluation Criteria and Methods for Environmental Credit of Enterprises in Jiangsu Province, which clarified the evaluation principles, index system and grading of environmental credit of enterprises. At present, Jiangsu is further optimizing and adjusting the evaluation standard and index system.

　　The reporter learned that the current environmental credit evaluation indicators in Jiangsu are composed of 21 items in three categories: pollution prevention indicators, environmental management indicators and social impact indicators. Among them, only pollution prevention indicators include six small items: "online automatic monitoring of pollution sources, supervisory monitoring of pollution sources, comparison monitoring of automatic monitoring equipment of pollution sources and data validity audit, total amount control, safe utilization and disposal of hazardous wastes, and utilization and disposal of solid wastes". From good to bad, the evaluation results of corporate environmental credit are identified in five colors: green, blue, yellow, red and black.

　　At the same time, the Jiangsu Provincial Environmental Protection Department has also established a dynamic management mechanism for corporate environmental credit, which is regularly adjusted and repaired to reflect changes in corporate environmental credit in a timely manner. Build a "one enterprise, one file" dynamic information management system covering the whole province, and use environmental big data analysis technology to comprehensively collect environmental credit information of polluting enterprises.

　　Last year, the three-level environmental protection departments of cities and counties in Jiangsu Province jointly organized 29,975 pollution source enterprises to participate in environmental credit evaluation, an increase of nearly 5,000 over the previous year.

　　In July last year, Jiangsu Provincial Environmental Protection Department announced the environmental credit evaluation results of 1064 state-controlled key enterprises in the province, including 414 green enterprises and 18 black enterprises, which greatly improved the efficiency of environmental supervision.

　　Environmental credit becomes intangible assets.

　　"By carrying out the construction of environmental credit system, pollution source enterprises will be included in this system, and an incentive mechanism for environmental trustworthiness and disciplinary mechanism for dishonesty will be established, so that environmental credit will become the intangible assets of enterprises, expand the survival and development space for green enterprises, and make untrustworthy enterprises lose their trust and be subject to everywhere." The relevant person in charge of the Regulations Department of Jiangsu Provincial Environmental Protection Department told the reporter.

　　In April this year, 30 departments including Jiangsu Provincial Environmental Protection Department, Provincial Development and Reform Commission, Nanjing Branch of China People’s Bank, and Provincial Department of Finance signed a memorandum of cooperation on joint punishment of untrustworthy production and business units and their relevant personnel in the environmental protection field.

　　"Disciplinary measures will be taken against enterprises rated as red and black. Such as restricting market access, administrative licensing or financing behavior, stop enjoying various preferential policies, and stop implementing relevant financial support. " The person in charge said that enterprises rated as green can enjoy incentives such as giving priority to environmental protection administrative licenses and suggesting financial institutions to give preferential loan interest rates.

　　In addition, Jiangsu has also established an interconnection and sharing mechanism for untrustworthy information, and incorporated the information of untrustworthy production and business units into the basic database of enterprise credit information and the provincial public credit information system, and announced it to the public.

　　At present, Jiangsu Provincial Environmental Protection Department, together with the Provincial Credit Office and the Banking Regulatory Bureau, has established an information sharing system for corporate environmental credit, which promotes banks to regard corporate environmental credit as an important basis for pre-lending approval and post-lending supervision, and rewards the excellent and punishes the poor.

　　It is with this sharing mechanism that the whole credit process has a "reminder". In July, 2013, China Guangfa Bank Wuxi Branch cooperated with a certain material company in Yixing City, and loaned it 10 million yuan, and monitored its real time according to the mechanism, and adjusted its credit strategy according to its credit changes.

　　After that, in 2013, the company was rated as an excellent enterprise with green environmental protection credit, and was rated as a credit strategy support category by the bank. In 2014, the company was rated as a good blue environmental credit enterprise, and the bank adjusted its credit strategy to maintenance. In 2015, the company was rated as red in the annual environmental credit evaluation, and the bank adjusted its credit strategy to control compression and immediately negotiated. In September 2016, the company returned the principal of 9.77 million yuan in advance, ensuring the safety of bank credit assets.

　　"Financial institutions pay attention to and track the environmental credit rating of enterprises in a timely manner through the sharing mechanism, and adjust the corporate credit strategy at any time, which reduces the credit risk, avoids economic losses and safeguards comprehensive interests." The person in charge of the Regulations Department of Jiangsu Provincial Environmental Protection Department said.

　　By the end of last year, the loan balance of enterprises participating in environmental credit evaluation in Jiangsu was 758.9 billion yuan. Among them, the loan balance of enterprises with excellent (green) and good (blue) credit evaluation was 713.7 billion yuan, accounting for 94% of the loan balance of all rated enterprises; The balance of loans to enterprises with poor (red) and poor (black) environmental credit was 12.2 billion yuan, accounting for only 1.6% of the balance, which effectively promoted the green development of enterprises and built the operation mechanism of green finance.

　　short review

　　Effectively solve the problem of low illegal cost

　　Throughout the history of world development, protecting the ecological environment means protecting productive forces, and improving the ecological environment means developing productive forces. It is "green development" to develop both green mountains and green hills and Jinshan Yinshan.

　　In the first half of this year, Jiangsu’s GDP exceeded 4 trillion yuan, ranking second in the country. Jiangsu, which took the lead in development, also took the lead in encountering environmental problems. At present, Jiangsu’s construction of environmental credit evaluation system with the "five-color list" as the core aims to solve the unreasonable situation of "low illegal cost" in the environmental protection field, so that enterprises have a "roadblock" when they commit environmental violations. Environmental credit rating is related to the enterprise’s environmental assessment approval, credit financing, water price and electricity price, which is equivalent to "tightening" the enterprise.

　　Through a series of measures, Jiangsu Environmental Protection Department forced enterprises to take the responsibility of environmental protection from passive to active, and reduced the possible environmental pollution caused by all aspects of production activities through technological innovation. At the same time, by reducing energy consumption, energy conservation and emission reduction, the production cost of enterprises was reduced, and the two-way win-win situation of environmental protection and enterprise development was realized, making "green development" an "engine" for enterprises to move forward further.

The administrative offices of the Union, the Municipal People’s Government, the commissions, offices, departments and bureaus of the autonomous region, and major enterprises and institutions:

The implementation of urban renewal is a major decision-making arrangement made by the Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee, and a major strategic measure to conform to the new stage of urban development and promote the high-quality development of the city. Urban renewal is not only an important carrier to implement the new development concept, but also an important fulcrum to build a new development pattern and an important path to promote carbon neutrality in peak carbon dioxide emissions. At present, the urban development of our region has changed from large-scale incremental construction to both stock upgrading and incremental structural adjustment, and has entered an important period of urban renewal. In order to promote the implementation of urban renewal, with the consent of the people’s government of the autonomous region, we hereby put forward the following opinions.

I. General requirements

Completely, accurately and comprehensively implement the new development concept, understand, respect and conform to the laws of urban development, continuously improve the quality of urban human settlements, and promote the modernization of urban governance system and governance capacity. Promote the inclusion of Hohhot and Baotou in national pilot cities and introduce pilot programs for urban renewal; Carry out urban renewal construction demonstration, and guide cities (including Bayanhaote Town, Alashan Zuoqi, Alashan League) to implement urban renewal actions. By the end of 2023, all the cities in the whole region will form demonstration areas for renewal, and gradually expand the scope of the areas or concentrate on urban renewal. By the end of 2025, important progress has been made in urban renewal, the institutional mechanism and policy system for urban renewal have been initially formed, the urban system has been continuously improved, the urban structure, functions and layout have been gradually adjusted and optimized, the mode of urban development and construction has been accelerated, the urban living environment has been continuously improved, and "urban diseases" and outstanding urban problems have been effectively controlled.

Second, the key tasks

(1) Building a livable and comfortable city.

1. Improve the spatial layout. Promote the construction of Hubao Hubei and Chifeng and Tongliao regional central cities, accelerate the integration process of Hubao Hubei and Hubei, promote the integration of production and cities, coordinate the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin, promote the co-construction and sharing of major regional infrastructure and public service facilities, and establish a modern facility network system such as comprehensive three-dimensional transportation of urban agglomerations with perfect functions and close connection. Promote urban and rural development with counties as a unit, steadily improve the carrying capacity of small and medium-sized cities, and focus on developing small towns with characteristics.

2. Promote the transformation of old communities. In accordance with the requirements of co-construction, co-governance, sharing, basic categories should be reformed, improved categories should be reformed more, and upgrading categories should be actively promoted, the renovation plan and annual renovation plan of old residential areas should be scientifically formulated, the renovation content should be reasonably determined, and efforts should be made to solve the problem of people’s "urgent difficulties and worries". By the end of the 14 th Five-Year Plan, the renovation of old residential areas completed before the end of 2005 will be basically completed. We will intensify the energy-saving renovation, water-saving renovation, aging adaptation and barrier-free facilities renovation of existing buildings, carry out actions to make up for shortcomings in the construction of complete residential communities, actively create green communities, and improve the livable level of residents.

3. Promote the renovation of old houses. The dilapidated buildings identified by the housing administrative department can be rebuilt through renovation, reconstruction or appropriate expansion. If conditions permit, the scale of the building can be appropriately increased, complete renovation or convenience service facilities can be implemented. Encourage old buildings such as old office buildings and old commercial facilities to upgrade, adjust their functions, enhance their vitality and develop new formats. Encourage old buildings to increase fire stairs, elevators and other facilities, and make comprehensive use of qualified underground space.

4. Promote the transformation of old factory areas. For enterprises in old industrial areas, local transformation, relocation in different places and legal closure will be implemented as appropriate, so as to guide enterprises to concentrate in qualified industrial parks and promote industrial agglomeration development. Make full use of the vacated land and abandoned land, and develop modern production and living services and strategic emerging industries. Encourage the transformation of old factories and facilities, giving priority to public culture, public sports, pension and creativity industries. We will promote the functional reconstruction, environmental improvement and ecosystem restoration of old industrial plants, rationally develop and utilize industrial heritage resources, and build bases for patriotism education and popular science.

5. Implement ecological restoration and functional improvement. Fully consider the carrying capacity of resources and environment, reasonably determine the city size and population density, improve the urban ecosystem, and protect the natural features of urban mountains. Repair rivers, lakes, wetlands and other water bodies, coordinate regional watershed ecological environment management and urban construction, protect and restore urban and surrounding water space, and expand rainwater storage space. Fully tap urban idle resources, maximize the activation of urban inefficient resources, and adopt diversified operation methods to make overall planning and in-depth development of existing urban spatial resources.

(2) Building a green and low-carbon city.

1. Promote the construction of landscaping. Strengthen the construction of urban park system, greenway and slow-moving system, and build a green ecological network. Taking the construction of garden city as the starting point, we will implement the action of "300 meters to see green, 500 meters to see garden" to further strengthen the systematic and balanced comprehensive service efficiency of urban garden green space. Reasonable planning and construction of public activity spaces such as squares, theme parks and walkways will facilitate residents’ activities and promote residents’ exchanges. Strengthen the function of green space to serve residents’ daily activities, so that residents can see green space near their homes, get close to green space and cultivate their sentiments.

2. Build a green building system. Strengthen the improvement of energy efficiency of new buildings and promote the development of passive buildings with ultra-low energy consumption, near zero energy consumption and zero carbon. Promote the scale development of green buildings, expand the implementation scope of green building standards, and develop high-star green buildings. Continue to promote the energy-saving renovation of existing residential buildings and public buildings, and strengthen the promotion and application of green building materials. Cultivate the industrial base of prefabricated buildings, carry out the demonstration of prefabricated buildings, improve the technical standard system of prefabricated buildings, explore the popularization and application in the construction of affordable housing, and accelerate the development of prefabricated buildings.

3. Accelerate the implementation of clean heating. Adhere to both energy security and clean development, and implement clean heating transformation such as "coal to gas" and "coal to electricity" according to local conditions. Vigorously promote cogeneration, industrial waste heat and large-scale regional boilers and other central heating methods, actively promote medium and long-distance heating, and gradually phase out scattered coal-fired boilers. Accelerate the integration and optimization of heating sources and the networking operation of heating networks to form a multi-heat source combined heating ring network. Accelerate the energy-saving renovation of existing buildings, the renovation of shanty towns and the renovation of urban villages and suburban areas, and gradually improve the clean heating rate.

4. Standardize the classification of domestic waste. Promote the introduction of local laws and regulations on the classification of domestic waste, improve the classification management system of domestic waste, improve the classification standards, issue guidance catalogues, and explore the formulation of incentive mechanisms linked to the classification results. Standardize the classified delivery of domestic waste, improve the classified collection facilities, improve the classified transfer facilities, promote the construction of domestic waste incineration plants and kitchen waste treatment plants, and enhance the terminal processing capacity. Improve the efficiency of garbage recovery and resource utilization.

(3) Building a safe and resilient city.

1. Promote the construction of sponge cities. Improve the promotion mechanism of sponge city construction, and run the concept and requirements of sponge city construction through the whole process of project construction. Carry out the pilot project of sponge city construction, give play to the leading role of typical demonstration projects, and cooperate with the construction and transformation of new urban infrastructure, the transformation of old residential areas, the treatment of black and odorous water bodies, drainage and waterlogging prevention, and landscaping. Adhere to systematic thinking and comprehensive management, and implement the five-year action of urban waterlogging control.

2. Promote the construction of new urban infrastructure. Comprehensively improve the operational efficiency and service capacity of urban infrastructure, implement the upgrading and intelligent management of municipal infrastructure such as urban water supply, drainage, heating and gas, improve the early warning and emergency management of pipe network leakage, flood control and drainage, gas safety, and ensure the safe operation of municipal infrastructure.

3. Strengthen the examination and acceptance of engineering fire protection design. Further standardize the working procedures of fire protection design review and acceptance of construction projects, and increase the construction of fire protection design review and acceptance institutions and teams. Strengthen the supervision of fire protection design review, construction, inspection and acceptance, strengthen the investigation of hidden dangers, focus on solving problems left over from history, do a good job in the pilot work of fire protection design review and acceptance in the renovation and utilization of existing buildings, and form a replicable and scalable experience.

4. Maintain urban public safety. Improve the allocation standard of urban comprehensive disaster prevention and safety facilities, improve the emergency command system for urban earthquake resistance, road traffic and geological disasters, and improve the urban life passage system. Strengthen the construction of urban disaster prevention and refuge places, and enhance the ability to resist natural disasters, deal with emergencies and manage crises. Establish and improve the responsibility system for urban safety supervision, rationally arrange urban residential and living areas, comprehensive service areas, commercial and business areas and green leisure areas, strengthen the monitoring of major hazard sources, and eliminate major accidents.

(4) Create a smart and dynamic city.

1. Promote the construction of urban information platform. Relying on the big data platform in the autonomous region, we will accelerate the construction of the basic platform of urban information model (CIM). Comprehensively promote the in-depth application of the platform in urban physical examination, urban safety, intelligent construction, smart community and other fields. Promote the construction of urban comprehensive management service platform and improve the scientific, refined and intelligent management level of the city. Build the Internet of construction industry, and apply the technology of building information model (BIM) to improve the coordination level of architectural design, construction, operation and maintenance.

2. Conduct a general survey of underground municipal infrastructure. Fully grasp the current situation, promote prefecture-level cities to establish and improve the comprehensive management information platform of underground municipal infrastructure, meet the requirements of facilities planning and construction, operation services, emergency and disaster prevention, and deeply integrate with the CIM platform to realize the co-construction and sharing of facilities information. Establish the geographic information system of municipal drainage pipe network, and realize the informationization and account book management of the pipe network.

(5) Shaping a city with humanistic characteristics.

1. Strengthen historical and cultural protection. We will sort out the regional cultural characteristics and urban vein texture in detail, do a good job in the protection of historical and cultural cities, historical and cultural blocks and historical buildings, and establish an urban and rural historical and cultural protection and inheritance system with scientific classification, strong protection and effective management. Efforts should be made to solve the outstanding problems such as the repeated destruction and demolition of historical and cultural heritage, make overall plans for protection, utilization and inheritance, and adhere to systematic and complete protection, not only to protect single buildings, but also to protect street blocks and urban patterns, as well as to protect historical sites, natural landscapes and human environment.

2. Strengthen the control of style and features. In accordance with the architectural policy of "applicability, economy, green and beauty", the use function of buildings and the requirements of energy-saving, water-saving, land-saving, material-saving and environmental protection are highlighted, and special-shaped buildings are strictly controlled to prevent one-sided pursuit of architectural appearance. Comprehensively strengthen urban design, optimize and upgrade architectural design standards, strengthen the investigation of design responsibility, strictly control the examination and approval of architectural design, and put an end to chaos such as greed, flattery and strangeness.

Third, the work measures

(a) to carry out a comprehensive urban physical examination. Through the evaluation of urban physical examination, find out the shortcomings and weaknesses. Coordinate the management of urban planning and construction, and put forward the goals and suggestions of optimizing regional functions, improving public facilities, improving urban quality, protecting historical features, improving urban environment and improving infrastructure.

(two) the scientific preparation of the implementation plan. The people’s governments of various cities shall organize the formulation of the implementation plan for urban renewal in their respective regions, and rationally delimit the renewal areas. Considering the functional integrity, systematicness and project implementability of the district as a whole, the project construction plan of the renewal district should be compiled, and different districts should implement differentiated urban renewal strategies.

(three) to carry out the implementation effect evaluation. According to the implementation plan of urban renewal, carry out post-evaluation of implementation effect, comprehensively summarize the implementation effect, seek truth from facts to find problems, and formulate sustainable promotion measures. Carry out a survey of people’s satisfaction and let the people judge the effectiveness of urban human settlements construction.

Fourth, organizational guarantee

(1) Strengthen organizational leadership. All regions and relevant departments should fully understand the significance of implementing urban renewal actions, and establish a working mechanism for autonomous regions to make overall plans, cities to take overall responsibility, and jurisdictions to implement them. Establish an inter-office joint meeting system for the implementation of urban renewal actions in the autonomous region, and clarify departmental responsibilities and tasks. The office of the joint meeting is located in the Housing and Urban-Rural Development Department of the autonomous region. All relevant departments should do a good job of coordination, strengthen work guidance, strengthen policy support, and form a joint force for urban renewal. The people’s governments of cities should earnestly assume the main responsibility, strengthen organizational leadership and overall coordination, and promote the effectiveness of urban renewal.

(2) Strengthen policy guarantee. Innovate supporting systems such as project establishment, land, planning and approval, and form a management system and policy system that is suitable for large-scale stock upgrading and transformation. Increase the security of urban renewal projects, optimize the supply structure of new construction land, revitalize the use of existing urban construction land, give priority to urban renewal projects, and adjust the nature and use of land according to law as needed. Continue to optimize the business environment, and improve the approval efficiency of urban renewal related projects by reducing links, reducing materials and optimizing the approval process.

(3) Increase financial support. Actively strive for central subsidy funds, adjust and optimize the financial expenditure structure, and increase investment in urban renewal projects. Co-ordinate the special funds of the autonomous region and guide the financial subsidy funds to tilt towards urban renewal projects. Support local people’s governments to increase the investment of special bond funds in urban renewal projects. Give full play to the role of policy finance, innovate financial products and services, and provide sustainable financing support for urban renewal. Encourage social capital to participate in urban renewal projects.

(4) Do a good job in publicity and guidance. All regions should intensify publicity and reporting, make full use of radio and television, newspapers, internet and other media, widely publicize the policies and effects of urban renewal, and tell the story of Inner Mongolia urban renewal. It is necessary to strengthen the guidance of public opinion, report advanced experience in time, and publicize the sense of gain brought by urban renewal to the people. We should actively expand people’s participation channels and jointly create a good social atmosphere for urban renewal.

September 3, 2021

(This piece is publicly released)

　　CCTV News:Two days ago, CCTV News Channel reported that many short videos and live broadcast platforms pushed and broadcast the news of minors’ love, pregnancy, childbirth and other chaos, which aroused widespread public concern.

　　The reporter found that the live video broadcast in these platforms not only ignored ethics, but even touched the bottom line of the law. There are hidden chaos in these video platforms, such as infringing on the rights and interests of minors, and the number of participants is huge and young.

　　We noticed that some mothers in the video are under 16 years old, but they are drying their two children on the Internet. Some underage mothers have plastered their walls with testimonials, but they have already given birth to children; Other girls are only 14 years old when they are pregnant. What touches us even more is that these are not extreme cases.

　　On some short video platforms, there are tens of thousands of similar videos. Although China’s Marriage Law clearly stipulates that marriage is not protected by law until it reaches the legal marriage age of 22 for men and 20 for women. However, in such an online social circle, young children not only don’t need to hide, but become the capital to show off and bring more attention to themselves. Let’s first look at the previous reporter’s investigation.

　　The 17-year-old girl has two children and 50,000 fans, and her works often make official hits. On the cover of every video, she will take pains to emphasize that she has many babies and is early to be a mother. Facts have proved that "14-year-old puppy love gave birth to a son" and "the youngest second-born mother in the whole network" have 300,000 to 400,000 broadcasts.

　　The reporter found that most of these underage mothers live in rural areas or small towns, and they drop out of school early to have children, often in marriage. They are narrow in social contact, monotonous in life and eager for attention. When they found that on such a hot video platform, they could attract attention by strengthening the attributes of younger mothers, they set off a wave of striving to be "the youngest mother in the whole network" and "the youngest mother in the whole village". A 15-year-old mother changed her name to "having her own cuteness at the age of 14" and was proud of it.

　　Facing the current situation of frequent violations of laws and regulations in webcasting, on the 2nd, the Ministry of Culture and Tourism announced that in order to implement the unified deployment of Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China’s special campaign to strictly regulate the online game market and the action to rectify violations of laws and regulations in webcasting, the Ministry of Culture and Tourism strengthened the supervision of the online cultural market, strictly investigated the prohibited contents of online games, online performances and online music markets, and instructed comprehensive law enforcement agencies in various cultural markets to investigate and deal with a number of typical cases in the online cultural market. The special action will strictly investigate five types of behaviors, including online games with gambling content, online games with vulgar content, online games that do not require real-name registration, inducing consumption by random means, spoofing red classics and heroic videos, and online performances with prohibited content.　

　　Then, how on earth did these underage mothers become official hot spots by the pusher behind them, thus becoming "online celebrity" and getting tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands of broadcasts? There is a very important technical link behind this, which is the intelligent recommendation function in the background of each platform.

[Explanation]

　　Artificial Intelligence (AI). It is a new technical science to study and develop theories, methods, technologies and application systems for simulating, extending and expanding human intelligence. Artificial intelligence is a branch of computer science, which attempts to understand the essence of intelligence and produce a new intelligent machine that can respond in a similar way to human intelligence. The research in this field includes robot, language recognition, image recognition, natural language processing and expert system.

[argument]

　　2016 is the 60th anniversary of the concept of artificial intelligence. For artificial intelligence, Dr. Stephen Hawking commented: "The real artificial intelligence technology will be the greatest invention in human history."

　　At the beginning of March, 2016, after seven days of fierce fighting, Google’s "AlphaGo" beat South Korea’s Jiuduan Li Shishi in the Man-Machine Go Competition, which showed the rapid progress and powerful strength of contemporary artificial intelligence and shocked the hearts of countless people.

　　At the same time, the artificial intelligence products of other giants are constantly showing their edge. In April 2016, Xiao Ai, an artificial intelligence program in Alibaba Cloud, successfully predicted the top three in the fourth season finals of "I am a singer" and successfully predicted that CoCo Lee won the championship in the final showdown; Microsoft’s artificial intelligence system has realized "telling stories by looking at pictures"; Baidu’s "Baidu Brain" has reached the intelligence level of a 4-year-old child. Baidu unmanned vehicles have been tried out on the Fifth Ring Road in Beijing with complicated road conditions, and their emergency performance is better than that of drivers. The secret robot has settled in the KFC concept store in Hongqiao, Shanghai, ordering food directly for guests, and so on.

　　It seems that it will take a long time for these artificial intelligence to be popularized on a large scale. In fact, with the combination of artificial intelligence with emerging industries such as big data, Internet of Things, robotics, biomedicine and virtual reality, it will be faster and faster for other industries and even social and economic seepage velocity.

　　At present, a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation is gestating. From the third world internet conference held in November, 2016, the innovation of Internet technology in the world is becoming more and more competitive in cutting-edge technology. As the "wind vane" of the Internet industry, the innovation of cutting-edge technology almost determines the development height of the whole Internet.

　　In October 2016, Obama hosted the White House Frontier Summit and looked forward to the development of the United States in the next 50 years. At the summit, the White House released the report "National Artificial Intelligence Research and Development Strategic Plan", aiming at using the full potential of the artificial intelligence plan to strengthen the economy and improve society. Not only that, the European Commission also announced that the "Human Brain Engineering Project" was selected as the EU’s "Future Emerging Flagship Technology Project".

　　China’s emphasis on artificial intelligence and its support are also increasing. The "Guiding Opinions of the State Council on Actively Promoting the" internet plus "Action" issued in July 2015 clearly pointed out that it is necessary to focus on developing the application of artificial intelligence in the fields of home, terminal, automobile and robot; In the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan", artificial intelligence was promoted to a national strategy; In May 2016, the National Development and Reform Commission and the Central Network Information Office jointly issued the "Implementation Plan for the Three-year Action of Artificial Intelligence in internet plus" … Undoubtedly, the development and leap of artificial intelligence technology in the future will greatly change the world and people’s lifestyle.

　　The telegraph took 20 years from invention to popularization; The telephone took less than 10 years from invention to popularization; At present, the research, development and promotion of computer software often take less than a few months. In early January 2017, after the upgraded version of AlphaGo, the "mysterious chess player" Master swept the human Go master with a record of 60 wins, 0 losses and 1 draw, the artificial intelligence Baidu brain narrowly beat the "world memory master". While the Internet entered the second half, a new scene was unveiled in 2017, and artificial intelligence was exciting and full of infinite possibilities.

Notes

　　At present, a wave of artificial intelligence sweeping the world is coming. No matter startups, universities and scientific research institutions in Silicon Valley, or the world’s technology giants Google, Microsoft and Baidu, they have invested a lot of manpower and material resources in the field of artificial intelligence and started to conduct forward-looking research.

　　AlphaGo beats Li Shishi.

　　On March 15th, 2016, the fifth match between Google’s artificial intelligence Go software AlphaGo and South Korean star Li Shishi ended, and AlphaGo beat Li Shishi with a total score of 4:1. From March 9 to 15, AlphaGo and Li Shishi fought a total of five games. In the first three games, AlphaGo won a big victory. In the fourth game, Li Shishi reversed the defeat, but in the fifth game, Li Shishi lost again.

　　As a long-standing chess game of the Chinese nation, Go has always been recognized by the industry as a highland that cannot be conquered by a computer. Looking back at this eye-catching man-machine war in the world, its significance has gone far beyond Go. People are keen to talk about AlphaGo, more out of concern for artificial intelligence technology.

　　On March 12, 2016, The Economist published an article entitled "Artificial Intelligence and Go", pointing out that unlike the chess played by Deep Blue in 1997, Go played by AlphaGo is more complicated, and there are more possibilities after each step. But the algorithm behind AlphaGo has already shown its advantages in the competition. Through deep learning, it has been able to simulate human playing chess, has "intuition" and can give the best strategy choice for the next step. Deep learning is an indispensable part of general artificial intelligence in the future. At present, many companies have invested money and energy in this field. In the future, we can expect the application of deep learning in face recognition, speech recognition and even medical field.

　　Baidu brain narrowly beats "world memory master"

　　On the evening of January 6th, 2017, super brain, the fourth season broadcast by Jiangsu Satellite TV, welcomed a special player-Baidu sent an artificial intelligence robot "Xiaodi" equipped with Baidu brain to challenge super brain’s Hall of Fame player. After two hours of competition, Xiaodi beat Wang Feng, the representative of human super brain, 3-2 by virtue of its deep accumulation in the fields of artificial intelligence and face recognition.

　　Behind the "smallness" of Baidu’s brain are trillions of parameters, hundreds of billions of samples and hundreds of billions of feature training, which can simulate the working mechanism of the human brain and learn and train extremely complicated models.

　　Earlier, Robin Li, chairman and CEO of Baidu, also said in the trailer of the fourth season of super brain that if super brain is the representative of human brain limit, then Baidu brain is the representative of high level of artificial intelligence. Regardless of winning or losing, it will make a breakthrough contribution to the technological development of artificial intelligence.

　　At the 3rd world internet conference, the most noticeable event was the release of the world’s leading scientific and technological achievements on the Internet, with 15 high-tech research achievements. Baidu Brain was the only comprehensive artificial intelligence technology selected in China. "Artificial intelligence is the next scene of the mobile Internet, and artificial intelligence will be the core of Baidu’s core. Specifically, artificial intelligence means Baidu’s brain to Baidu." Li Yanhong said.

　　At present, Baidu has published more than 1,500 invention patents in artificial intelligence-related fields such as speech recognition, image recognition, natural language processing, unmanned driving, machine learning and deep learning, which have been widely used in unmanned vehicles, voice search and even O2O.

Editor’s Note: Food is the material basis for human survival, and it supplies all kinds of nutrients necessary for human body. The quantity and quality of nutrients contained in different foods are different. Therefore, whether the food composition in the diet is reasonable, that is, whether the quantity and quality of nutrients provided are appropriate and whether the proportion is appropriate, is very important for maintaining the physiological function, growth and development, promoting health and preventing diseases.

The third week of May is "National Nutrition Week". In order to further popularize the concept that "nutrition is a good doctor", we specially invited nutrition experts to deeply interpret the theme of this nutrition week, "Milk beans add nutrition, less oil is healthier", and promote nutrition and health knowledge to enter thousands of households. This year, the theme of Nutrition Week "Milk beans add nutrition, less oil is healthier" aims to guide the public to pay attention to the nutritional value of milk and beans, and emphasize the importance of reducing oil intake for health.

There are many kinds of nutrients from food, and about 40 kinds are needed by human body. According to their chemical properties and physiological functions, they are divided into five categories, namely, protein, lipids, carbohydrates, minerals and vitamins. Nutritional intake is necessary to maintain the normal function of the immune system and plays a key role in improving immunity. Immunity is an important mechanism for the body to fight pathogens and maintain health. Nutrition affects the development and function of the immune system, and nutrition has a vital impact on the development and function of the immune system. Various nutrients, such as vitamins, minerals, protein and fat, are involved in the formation and activity regulation of immune cells, which is very important for the normal operation of immune response. Immune cells are the core components of the immune system, including T cells, B cells, macrophages and natural killer cells. These immune cells need proper nutritional support to maintain their normal functions. For example, protein is the basic component of immune cells, while vitamins and minerals play an important role in regulating the activity of immune cells and resisting pathogens. Nutrition can also produce antioxidants in the body. Antioxidants such as vitamin C, vitamin E and β -carotene are helpful to reduce the production of free radicals and protect immune cells from oxidative damage. Adequate intake of foods rich in antioxidants is helpful to maintain the healthy state of immune cells and improve immunity.

Adequate nutrition intake is very important for maintaining the normal function of immune system and improving immunity. By ingesting foods rich in vitamins and protein, diversifying food choices, controlling the intake of sugar and salt, and adopting a healthy lifestyle, we can provide adequate nutritional support, enhance immunity and keep healthy. It is important that these measures should become part of our daily life, not just short-term behavior. By adhering to healthy eating habits and lifestyles for a long time, we can improve our immunity, reduce the risk of diseases and enjoy a healthier life.

Adding nutrition to milk beans: the perfect combination of high-quality protein and comprehensive nutrition

As an important source of high-quality protein, the nutritional value of dairy food can not be ignored. Animal milk, such as milk, goat milk and camel milk, is rich in essential amino acids needed by human body and has high biological value. In addition, milk food is rich in minerals and vitamins such as calcium, phosphorus and vitamin D, which plays an important role in promoting bone health and preventing osteoporosis. Lactose in milk can also promote the absorption of minerals such as calcium, iron and zinc. Adequate intake of milk and dairy products is beneficial to human health, especially to muscle and bone health. It is recommended to consume 300-500 ml of liquid milk or a considerable amount of dairy products every day. At present, the actual intake of most residents in China is far below the recommended amount, and more intake is encouraged.

It can increase the intake of milk and dairy products in many ways, such as adding it in baking, stewing and other cooking processes, which is nutritious, healthy and delicious. When choosing milk and dairy products, look at the ingredient list and nutrition label first, and you can’t replace milk with milk-containing drinks. Lactose-intolerant people can choose lactose-free and low-lactose milk or fermented dairy products such as yogurt and cheese; Overweight, obese and hyperlipidemia people can choose skim milk or low-fat milk.

As an outstanding plant food, bean food also has rich nutritional value. Soybean, mung bean and red bean are rich in protein, dietary fiber, minerals and vitamins. Soybean, in particular, has a protein content of over 40%, and its amino acid composition is close to human needs, so it is a high-quality plant protein source. In addition, dietary fiber in legumes plays an important role in promoting intestinal peristalsis and preventing constipation. Soybean products are usually divided into non-fermented bean products and fermented bean products. Non-fermented bean products include bean curd, soybean milk, dried bean curd, bean curd skin, yuba, etc., which are made by soaking, grinding, deslagging, boiling and molding. Fermented bean products, such as fermented bean curd, douchi, bean paste and soybean sauce, are usually fermented by microorganisms, thus having a unique flavor. Soybean is rich in protein, unsaturated fatty acids, calcium, potassium and vitamin E, which is suitable for all people. It is suggested that adults consume an average of 15-25 grams of soybeans or equivalent amounts of soybean products every day. Soybean and its products are an important food source for vegetarians in protein, and they should be taken in sufficient amount every day. The average daily intake of vegetarian people should be 50-80 grams, and that of egg white people should be 25-60 grams.

The nutritional advantages of the combination of milk and beans are very prominent. High-quality protein, minerals and vitamins provided by dairy foods complement each other with dietary fiber, plant protein and other nutrients in bean foods, forming a comprehensive and balanced nutritional system. This kind of nutrition collocation is helpful to meet the human body’s demand for various nutrients and promote health.

Less oil is healthier: scientific diet helps healthy lifestyle

Too much oil intake is harmful. Oil is one of the important nutrients needed by human body, but excessive intake will have adverse effects on health. Excessive oil intake will lead to excess energy and increase the risk of chronic diseases such as obesity, hypertension and hyperlipidemia. In addition, the oxidative decomposition of oil in the body will produce harmful substances such as free radicals, which will cause damage to cells and accelerate the aging process. There are four ways to reduce and control oil in the kitchen. First, use less animal fat, and vegetable oil is recommended for cooking. The nutritional composition of different cooking oils is different, so change the varieties appropriately when purchasing cooking oils. The second is to use an oil control pot to reduce cooking oil. You can use a graduated oil control pot for home cooking, and use oil quantitatively and control the total amount. It is suggested that adults should consume 25-30 grams of cooking oil every day. The third is healthy cooking to cultivate a light taste. When cooking, try to use less oil methods such as steaming, boiling, stewing, stewing and cold salad to avoid high-oil cooking methods such as frying and frying. This can not only reduce the oil intake, but also keep the original flavor of food, which is more conducive to health. The fourth is to control the temperature and oil temperature. When cooking, we should pay attention to control the temperature and oil temperature, so as to avoid the oxidation of fatty acids in food caused by too high oil temperature and generate compounds harmful to human body. At the same time, too high oil temperature can easily cause food to burn and produce harmful substances.

In order to maintain a healthy lifestyle, we should control oil intake scientifically and reasonably. First of all, we should reduce the intake of saturated fat and trans fat, such as animal fat and fried food; Secondly, it is necessary to increase the intake of foods rich in unsaturated fat, such as olive oil, nuts, fish, etc.; Finally, we should pay attention to the cooking methods of food, and try to choose low-oil cooking methods such as steaming, boiling and stewing to reduce the use of oil.

In addition, we can reduce the fat content of the whole diet by increasing the intake of low-calorie and high-nutrient foods such as vegetables, fruits and whole grains. These foods are rich in nutrients such as dietary fiber, vitamins and minerals, which help to promote intestinal health, improve immunity and prevent chronic diseases.(Liu Lingying, Zhao Shuanglin)

　　Cctv newsAt 10: 00 am on May 18th, the State Council Press Office held a series of press conferences on the theme of "Opening by Authorities", introducing the situation of "Implementing the Party’s 20 Major Decisions and Deploying Efforts to Promote the High-quality Development of Medical Insurance" and answering reporters’ questions.

　　Hu Jinglin, director of the National Health Insurance Bureau, introduced that in 2018, the CPC Central Committee with the supreme leader as the core made a strategic decision to set up the National Health Insurance Bureau. Since its establishment, the national medical insurance system has closely revolved around the great political mission of "relieving all people’s worries about diseases and medical care" entrusted by the Supreme Leader General Secretary, and has always adhered to the people-centered principle, overcome difficulties and pushed forward the reform of the system and mechanism, and promoted the historic leap of China’s medical insurance cause, which has played an important role in alleviating the difficulties and expensive medical treatment for the masses, supporting the development of medical and health undertakings, maintaining social harmony and stability, and promoting the realization of common prosperity.

　　In the past five years, we have adhered to the principle of stability and improved the world’s largest basic medical security network. From 2018 to 2022, the national population participation rate will be stable at about 95%, and the reimbursement rate of hospitalization expenses within the scope of employee medical insurance and urban and rural residents’ medical insurance policies will reach about 80% and 70% respectively. The participation rate of rural low-income population and poverty-stricken population has stabilized at over 99%, and medical insurance has helped nearly 10 million poor residents successfully get rid of poverty. The total annual income of the basic medical insurance fund (including maternity insurance) increased from 2.14 trillion yuan to 3.09 trillion yuan, and the total annual expenditure increased from 1.78 trillion yuan to 2.46 trillion yuan. The fund operated smoothly and had a balance. The annual per capita subsidy standard for residents’ insurance payment is increased from 490 yuan to 610 yuan. In 2022 alone, the total financial subsidies will reach 600 billion yuan.

　　In the past five years, we have adhered to the principle of benefiting the people and made efforts to reduce the burden of medical treatment for the masses. Accelerate the pace of medical insurance negotiations, and promote a large number of exclusive varieties of anticancer drugs and drugs for rare diseases, such as Karelizumab and Nocicina, to be included in medical insurance at appropriate prices. In addition, after reimbursement, the cumulative burden of patients has exceeded 500 billion yuan, helping tens of millions of seriously ill patients and their families rekindle their hopes of life. Promote centralized procurement, and the average price reduction of 333 drugs organized by the state is over 50%, and the average price reduction of 8 high-value medical consumables such as heart stents and artificial joints is over 80%; Together with local alliance procurement, the cumulative burden reduction is about 500 billion yuan. We will reform the way to protect residents from chronic diseases, and include outpatient drugs for hypertension and diabetes in the scope of residents’ medical insurance, benefiting 140 million residents with chronic diseases. Continue to open up the bottleneck of medical treatment in different places, and the scale of direct settlement of medical treatment in different provinces has increased from 1.318 million in 2018 to 38.1235 million in 2022, an increase of 28 times. In view of the epidemic situation in COVID-19, we will resolutely implement the "two guarantees" policy, and guarantee the vaccine and vaccination expenses in COVID-19, so as to contribute to the medical insurance for a major and decisive victory in epidemic prevention and control. Continuously expand the pilot scope of long-term care insurance, which has covered 169 million people in 49 cities and benefited 1.95 million disabled people, making their lives more quality and dignified.

　　In the past five years, we have been driven by innovation and promoted the high-quality development of the pharmaceutical industry. Encourage industry R&D and innovation, and establish a medical insurance access and negotiation renewal mechanism with new drugs as the main body. The waiting time for listing new drugs into the medical insurance catalogue has been shortened from the past average of nearly five years to less than two years, and some new drugs have been included in the medical insurance catalogue only half a year after listing. The expenditure of medical insurance on new drugs increased from 5.949 billion yuan in 2019 to 48.189 billion yuan in 2022, an increase of 7.1 times. Expand the sales channels of negotiation drugs, and through the "dual-channel" management mechanism, some medical insurance negotiation drugs that were originally supplied mainly in large hospitals can now be sold in 155,000 designated medical insurance pharmacies nationwide and included in medical insurance reimbursement. Purify the ecology of the pharmaceutical industry, institutionalize and normalize the centralized procurement with quantity, continue to squeeze the inflated price of pharmaceutical consumables, and "take the bottom out" to reduce the space of "selling with gold". The innovation power of pharmaceutical companies is getting stronger and stronger. Among the top 10 pharmaceutical companies with A-share market value, the total R&D investment in 2022 is 2.48 times that in 2018.

　　In the past five years, we have adhered to system integration to help the coordinated development and governance of the "three doctors". Support the improvement of the compensation mechanism for medical staff, and clarify that the surplus funds formed by public medical institutions in the reform of centralized procurement and medical insurance payment methods can be used as a whole for personnel salary expenses. Reform the fund disbursement mechanism, establish a turnover system of medical insurance funds in most overall planning areas, and prepay medical insurance funds to medical institutions at the beginning of each year, thus reducing the pressure on hospitals to advance funds. We will comprehensively establish a dynamic adjustment mechanism for the price of medical services. While substantially reducing the price of pharmaceutical consumables, we will appropriately adjust the prices of hospital services such as surgery and traditional Chinese medicine, which reflect the value and ability of technical services, and support the high-quality development of public hospitals. Actively support the development of primary medical institutions, and guide patients to buy medicines and enjoy health management services at the primary level by increasing the proportion of reimbursement for primary medical treatment and reducing the deductible line for primary medical treatment. Forging a strong and temperature-sensitive medical insurance fund supervision sword, handling 1.543 million illegal medical institutions, recovering 77.13 billion yuan of medical insurance funds and exposing 245,000 typical cases; Medical institutions that take the initiative in self-examination and self-correction shall be lenient in accordance with the law and vigorously promote the norms of diagnosis and treatment.

　　Generally speaking, in the past five years, through the coordinated development and governance of medical insurance, medical care and medicine, a win-win situation of "people enjoy benefits, funds ensure safety, hospitals develop and enterprises grow" is taking shape.

What I bring to you today is a-. As for the outstanding performance of the car, please read it together.

Let’s take a look at the appearance of the Audi SQ7 first. The front of the Audi SQ7 looks very fashionable and sporty. Coupled with sharp headlights, the design took the sports route. The car is equipped with LED daytime running lights, automatic opening and closing, adaptive far and near light, automatic steering, delayed closing, rain and fog mode and so on. Coming to the side of the car body, the size of the car body is 5066MM*1970MM*1701MM, and the car adopts clean lines, which gives people a very simple and generous feeling. With large-sized thick-walled tires, it looks full of sports. In the rear part, the rear looks atmospheric, the taillights are very comfortable, and with the unique exhaust pipe, the sense of neatness is vivid.

Sitting in the car, the interior of Audi SQ7 presents a tough design style, which meets the aesthetic standards of young people. The steering wheel of this car is very fashionable and made of genuine leather, which gives people a bright feeling. From the central control point of view, the car is decorated with a domineering touch-sensitive LCD central control screen, which makes the interior style impressive and very consistent with the temperament of the car. Finally, let’s take a look at the dashboard and seats. The dashboard of the car presents a cool design style and the shape takes the sports route. The car uses leather seats, the seats are wrapped in place, the materials are exquisite and the ride is comfortable.

Audi SQ7 is matched with an automatic manual transmission (AT) gearbox, with a maximum power of 373KW and a maximum torque of 770N.m, with good power performance.

The car is equipped with car networking, driving mode selection, remote control key, rear wiper, interior atmosphere light and other configurations, which fully ensures the convenience and comfort of the car experience.

Summary of the full text: such a car with the right price is enough to meet the daily practical needs, and it doesn’t take much thought to maintain it at ordinary times, and the price is good.

At 9: 31 today (October 29th), TV director Ha Wen posted on his Sina Weibo: "In the United States, after 17 months of anti-cancer treatment, at 5: 20 am on October 25th, 2018, I lost my love forever …" After that, the news of her husband Li Yong’s death began to attract the attention of the whole network. In just a few hours, on Sina Weibo, # Li Yong died # and # Li Yong died. Although there is no official news about the cancer of the famous host, the topic "What Cancer in Li Yong" has been read by 220 million people. Some netizens broke the news on the Weibo that Li Yong had laryngeal cancer and was treated in the world’s top cancer treatment center clinic. Whether this news is true or not, next, I want to count the seven deadly cancers with you. ……

1. Lung cancer: killing the host Zhang Peizhi.

According to the Morning News, at 0: 33 a.m. on May 29, 2011, Zhang Pei, a famous Shanghai radio host, died of lung cancer. Zhang Pei, formerly known as Cha Beili, was born on March 6, 1956. She is a senior program host, chief announcer and vice president of the National Association of Hosts of Shanghai Oriental Radio Station. It is reported that Zhang Pei was diagnosed with lung cancer six months ago because of bone pain.

It is reported that the incidence of lung cancer has increased significantly in many countries in the past 50 years, and lung cancer has ranked first among male cancer patients. A large number of data show that long-term heavy smoking of cigarettes is an important pathogenic factor of lung cancer.

2. Rectal cancer: killing the host Xiao Xiaolin.

According to Guangzhou Daily Dayang.com, on the evening of July 12, 2017, Xiao Xiaolin, the host and producer of CCTV, died of rectal cancer recently while being treated in the United States. She once hosted columns such as Half the Sky, Focus Interview and legal report.

According to the tumor registration report in Shanghai, the incidence of colorectal cancer has increased from 12/100,000 in the early 1970s to 56/100,000 at present, with an annual growth rate of about 4.2%, far exceeding the international level of 2%, ranking second among all kinds of malignant tumors, only next to lung cancer.

3. Liver cancer: take away the life of the host Su Bin!

According to Huaxi Dushi Bao, on June 22nd, 2015, Su Bin, a well-known sports presenter of Chengdu TV Station, died at the age of 55 because of the late treatment of liver cancer. He has hosted such programs as Sports Expo, High-level Sports, Wonderful Sports Highlights and Sports Time and Space.

According to some data, liver cancer is one of the common malignant tumors in China, with a high mortality rate, which is second only to stomach and esophagus, and second only to gastric cancer in some rural areas. About 110,000 people die of liver cancer every year in China, accounting for 45% of the world’s liver cancer deaths.

4. Gastric cancer: Take away the life of the host Fang Jing!

Fang Jing, a former hostess of CCTV, died in Taiwan Province on November 18th, 2015, Beijing Youth Daily reported. Liu Chun, a former colleague of Fang Jing, released Weibo’s statement that Fang Jing died of gastric cancer and liver cancer. According to the news, Fang Jing was born in 1971, and has served as the host of Oriental Time and Space, Focus Interview and other columns.

Gastric cancer is one of the common malignant tumors in China, and its incidence ranks first among all kinds of tumors. Every year, about 170,000 people die of gastric cancer, almost a quarter of all malignant tumor deaths, and more than 20,000 new gastric cancer patients are born every year.

5. Breast cancer: take away the life of the host Wang Huan!

According to Chengde Evening News, at 18: 58 on July 3rd, 2013, Huan Wang, the 43-year-old director and host of CCTV movie channel "Program Preview" and host of "Next Week Movie", died of breast cancer recurrence at the age of 42.

According to statistics, the incidence of breast cancer accounts for 7-10% of all kinds of malignant tumors in the whole body, and only about 1-2% of breast patients are men. Malignant tumor that usually occurs in glandular epithelial tissue of breast. Breast cancer is also possible in men, but it is very rare.

6. Lymphoma: Kill the host Luo Jing!

According to People’s Daily, Luo Jing, the host of CCTV News Network, was diagnosed with lymphoma in July 2008. Lymphoma spread and died at 6: 40 am on June 5, 2009 at the age of 48.

According to the data, lymphoma is a malignant tumor originating from the lymphohematopoietic system, mainly characterized by painless lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, and all tissues and organs of the whole body can be involved, accompanied by fever, night sweats, emaciation, itching and other systemic symptoms.

7. Laryngeal cancer: Take away the life of the host Li Yong?

According to Phoenix.com, on December 24th, 2015, Zou Shaoguan, an artist who had performed such works as Young and Dangerous 6, I Want to Depend on You, Chasing the Wind and Growing Up, died of throat cancer in Taipei. According to Taiwan Province media, artist Zou Shaoguan is the only son of actresses Tai-Feng Hsia and Zou Sen. Shortly after the news of his death, people in Wang Zhonglei, wei li, Lan Yan and other circles sent letters of mourning.

China Broadcasting Hosting Network posted on its certified official Weibo that Li Yong also had laryngeal cancer and went to the Mayo Clinic, the world’s top cancer treatment center, but it still didn’t come back!

The author learned from professionals that laryngeal leukoplakia is a precancerous lesion of laryngeal cancer, which is a poor keratinization of vocal cord mucosa epithelium and a white plaque appearing on the mucosa. It is a pathological change caused by upper respiratory tract infection, smoking, harmful gas stimulation and excessive use of sound, which is closely related to the formation of laryngeal cancer and must be actively prevented and treated. There are also laryngeal keratosis, chronic hypertrophic laryngitis, papilloma, etc., which should be closely observed and actively prevented. Actors, hosts, teachers, speakers and other people who use their throats more should pay more attention to whether there are lesions in their throats.

Text finishing | There are often talents

Urban public space has played an irreplaceable multi-function in urban life since its birth, and it is an important place to prosper urban life, highlight urban connotation and reshape urban integrity. At present, China’s urban development has entered an important period from "with or without" to "with or without". Urban public space is one of the most valuable resources to be developed in the city. Revitalizing the existing public space as a carrier to create a green, livable, convenient, inclusive and shared urban life community is not only closely related to the construction and governance of urban space, but also closely related to people’s happy life.

Taking urban renewal as the guide to realize quality improvement and efficiency improvement of public space

During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, China’s urban development has entered an important period of urban renewal. An important feature of urban renewal is to change the development mode of large-scale urban construction in the past, and turn to pay equal attention to stock upgrading and incremental structural adjustment. In the process of urban renewal, it is particularly important to respect the law of urban development and develop the value of urban public space resources. From the perspective of local practice, there are mainly three ways.

● Activate old factories or transform old blocks.

By activating old factories or transforming old blocks, the functional quality and humanistic connotation will be promoted and rejuvenated.

At present, it has become a major trend to turn old workshops into art spaces, transform abandoned industrial parks into theme parks, and update old houses and streets into cultural blocks in the center of the city.

For example, in 2021, beijing municipal commission of development and reform approved three typical demonstration projects, namely, the demonstration base of hard science and technology industry in the city sub-center, the permanent meeting place of Beijing International Design Week in Zhangjiawan design town, and the sci-fi industrial cluster in Shougang, which supported the development of high-tech industries. At the same time, it also started important life service street renovation projects, such as Baitasi block, and reconstructed the streetscape of the old city through hardware infrastructure renovation and business upgrading.

● Strengthen green ecological restoration and return to landscape cities.

By transforming the space around the lake and the river, we can return the river to the people, the lake to the people, the shore to the people, and the scenery to the people.

For example, the public spaces on both sides of the Huangpu River in Shanghai have been upgraded and improved, and efforts have been made to create charming waterfront spaces that can be walked, read and have temperature; The plan of "Two Rivers and Four Shores" in Wuhan proposes to connect the coastline, integrate the dock facilities and leave more coastal space for the citizens. The public space upgrading project on the left bank of Yongding River in Beijing uses the waterfront space resources of Yongding River, integrates water conservancy culture, Shougang industrial culture, Fengsha railway culture, Olympic culture, etc., builds an open exhibition corridor, and creates a new bright spot in the Yongding River cultural belt in Xishan.

● Open the unit courtyard and build a complete green public space system.

Through "seamless connection" between courtyard greening and urban greening, we will further fill the shortcomings of infrastructure, create an open block, and realize returning green to the people and sharing facilities.

Since 2015, Changsha, Suqian, Zhengzhou, Quzhou, Taizhou and other places have successively launched the action of opening the unit courtyard. Through high-level overall planning and systematic planning, the greening roads and facilities in the unit courtyard have been made public, and a public park green space system with activity space and service function has been created.

The above three ways are to fully develop and utilize the functions of urban public space through upgrading and transformation, to promote the realization of green, livable, open, inclusive and shared high-quality living environment, to give residents more space for fitness, leisure and public communication, and to make people’s life in the city more convenient, comfortable and better. This is the basic essence of urban renewal, and it is also the inevitable follow for the high-quality development of urban human settlements.

Building a public space governance system with urban governance as the starting point

In essence, urban renewal is no longer a simple process of urban construction, but a process of urban governance, which involves the whole cycle of urban planning, construction, management, operation and service. At present, China has entered a new stage of high-quality development, and it has also reached an important juncture in the transformation from urban management to urban governance. From the perspective of local practice, it is mainly reflected in three aspects.

● Give full play to the main role of the government in the renovation and governance of urban public space.

On the one hand, strengthen the important role of the government in top-level design, and ensure that all policies and plans can be fully and effectively implemented through the government’s coercive power, overall planning and organizational support; On the other hand, we should give play to the important functions of government system integration, supervision and assessment, and ensure the overall and systematic progress of all work.

For example, some cities regard the urban public space governance project as a popular project of the government, which is included in the key content of doing practical things for the masses, and incorporated into the relevant assessment scope of civilized city construction, garden city construction and urban comprehensive management evaluation to be restrained and standardized to ensure the smooth implementation of the project.

● Build a collaborative governance platform with multiple participation.

The renovation and governance of urban public space needs to pay more attention to the relationship between governance subjects. By building a collaborative governance platform with multiple participation, the division of responsibilities of multiple subjects is refined, and corresponding standards and incentives are introduced to realize the marketization and socialization path of urban public space management, service and operation.

Taking the "property city" in Hengqin New District of Zhuhai as an example, the government has outsourced the whole urban public services through the "property city", and the general operator of urban public services has built a platform through the Urban Governance Committee, which has become an important bridge connecting the government, the market and the society. At the same time, it has also provided the whole process management, service and operation for urban public space, public resources and public projects, built a professional platform for urban governance, and built a clear responsibility, partnership and symbiosis.

● Explore a standardized, normalized, scientific and intelligent governance mechanism for urban public space renewal.

The difference between governance and management reflects system governance, legal governance, source governance and comprehensive policy. In the process of exploring urban public space governance, all localities also improve the efficiency of urban system linkage and overall operation by reshaping urban governance structure, optimizing urban governance process and promoting urban governance technology innovation.

For example, Beijing’s transition from "whistling in the streets and towns, reporting to departments" to "handling complaints immediately" and the current active governance is not only a process of changing governance concepts and diversifying governance subjects, but also reflects the upgrading of governance methods and means, focusing on scientific, intelligent and refined efforts.

At present, the construction of new urban infrastructure promoted by various places aims to build an important tool and platform for urban governance through the application of digital, intelligent and networked technologies, and also provide important technical support for ensuring the safe and orderly operation of public spaces and accurate and efficient services.

From the above three aspects, changes in governance concepts, governance systems and governance methods can reshape the environmental order of urban public spaces, make the renovation and governance of urban public spaces more in line with the laws of urban development and people’s needs for a better life, and truly reflect the systematic thinking of urban governance and the value concept of organic life.

Promoting the Co-construction and Sharing of Public Space Based on Co-creation

Urban public space is an important carrier of the close relationship between man and nature, the main place for residents to carry out social communication, and also an important place to build a beautiful environment and a happy life in the city.

Driven by the current concept of urban development, the co-creation of a beautiful environment and a happy life has become an important model and an important follow-up to promote residents’ participation in building a beautiful living environment, which can further promote the co-construction and sharing of urban public spaces. From the perspective of local practice, it can be summarized into three forms.

● Participate in the design and construction of public space.

Community is a place where residents live for a long time, and the affairs of the community are closely related to the residents. The renewal and transformation of communities should guide residents to take the initiative to participate.

For example, many "Participatory Design Workshops" were held in Beijing Changying Small Green Space Renewal Project, and residents were invited to participate in the garden design. Under the guidance of designers, residents expressed their demand for space and suggestions and opinions on the preliminary scheme through group discussion. After the scheme integration, the functional design of "Rose Fairy Tale Garden" was finally determined, and many residents participated in it from the start of the garden to the construction, through painting bottles, paving turf, building flower ponds and building together.

● Build the environmental order of public space together.

On the one hand, in the process of community renewal and transformation, the way of mobilizing residents to contribute money, materials, efforts and methods can change residents’ attitude towards maintaining public environment and order to a certain extent, and promote residents to cherish the fruits of hard work and continuously maintain a beautiful community environment; On the other hand, under the background of community governance led by Party building, we should give full play to the political mobilization and organizational co-ordination of grass-roots party organizations, and jointly promote the maintenance of environmental order in the neighborhood by building a party building alliance of all units in the street. At the same time, community party member double registration, community volunteer activities and social organization participation have also played an important role in guiding garbage sorting and promoting the creation of green communities.

Remodeling the public spirit of urban public space

The essence of urban public space is not the architectural form or landscape style it shows, but the rich and even different urban life it contains. It is this rich and diverse life style that inspires the vitality of public space and reshapes the social structure of public space.

For example, in the scene of community co-governance, Chengdu strengthens residents’ awareness of participation, promotes communication and builds an "acquaintance community" by taking interest activation as the guide and various community activities as the carrier. On this basis, it inspires residents to pay attention to and participate in public affairs independently, and gradually realizes the transformation from "acquaintance community" to "well-ordered community".

The above three forms are all based on urban public space, and more residents are encouraged to participate in the co-construction, co-governance and sharing of public space through organizational participation, party building guidance and scene creation, so as to reshape public spirit and social order.

The author is the National Mayor Training College (Cadre College of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development)